中国11~14岁儿童视屏时间与近视的关系

苑晓琳; 刘开琦; 王玉英; 徐韬; 政晓果; 杨振宇; 张倩; 赵文华

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.004

中国11~14岁儿童视屏时间与近视的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.03.004

1.
中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所, 北京 100050
2.
中国疾病预防控制中心卫生标准处, 北京 100050
3.
中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100050
4.
首都儿科研究所

基金项目:

科技基础资源调查专项 2017FY101100

详细信息

作者简介:
苑晓琳(1979-), 女, 山东省人, 博士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为营养与食品卫生

通讯作者:
赵文华, E-mail: zhaowh@chinacdc.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R778.11 G478 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-29
- 修回日期: 2022-02-24
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-25

Relationship between screen time and myopia in children aged 11-14 years in China

1.
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing (100050), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨中国11~14岁儿童视屏时间与近视的关系, 为儿童近视防控工作提供科学依据。方法利用科技基础资源调查专项"中国0~18岁儿童营养与健康系统调查与应用"数据, 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法, 在中国七大区域14个省、28个区/县调查点, 对12 397名11~14岁儿童进行问卷调查并收集每日视屏时间和视力信息。结果中国11~14岁儿童自我报告近视率为45.0%, 其中女童高于男童、城市高于农村, 且随年龄增加而增长(χ²值分别为178.82, 79.25, 495.96, P值均＜0.01);12 397名儿童的平均每日视屏时间为40.0(30.0, 60.0)min, 男童长于女童, 城市儿童长于农村儿童(χ²值分别为20.86, 102.68, P值均＜0.01)。每日视屏时间≥60 min男童自我报告近视率(42.5%)高于视屏时间＜60 min的男童(36.4%), 每日视屏时间≥60 min女童自我报告近视率(55.6%)高于视屏时间＜60 min的女童(48.0%)(χ²值分别为23.62, 34.15, P值均＜0.01)。经调整年龄、性别、地区、中高强度身体活动时间、含糖食品、含糖饮料摄入量和平均每日睡眠时长后, 多因素Logistic回归模型分析显示, 与每日视屏时间＜60 min比, ≥60 min(OR=1.14, 95%CI=1.03~1.27)的女童近视风险较高(P=0.01)。调整混杂因素后, 每日视屏时间和男童或女童的近视程度均无相关性(P值均＞0.05)。结论每天≥60 min视屏时间可能是11~14岁青春期女童近视的正性相关因素之一。鉴于影响视力的因素复杂, 需要进一步研究验证两者之间的关系。
- 注视, 眼 /
- 时间 /
- 近视 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To explore relationship between screen time and myopia in children aged 11-14 years in China. Methods The data were extracted from "National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey and Application for 0-18 Years Old Children". A total of 12 397 children aged 11-14 years old from 14 provinces and 28 districts/counties in seven regions of China were surveyed by using multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Daily screen time and visual acuity information were collected through a questionnaire. Results The myopia rate of 11-14 years old children in China was 45.0%, among which the rate of girls was higher than that of boys, and the rate of urban was higher than that of rural, and it increased with age (χ²=178.82, 79.25, 495.96, P < 0.01). The daily screen time median of 12 397 children was 40.0 minutes, with boys(40.0 min) longer than girls(35.0 min) and urban children(40 min) longer than rural children(33.0 min) (χ²=20.86, 102.68, P < 0.01). The myopia rate of boys (42.5%) with daily screen time greater than or equal to 60 minutes was higher than that of boys (36.4%) with daily screen time less than 60 minutes, and the myopia rate of girls (55.6%) with daily screen time greater than or equal to 60 minutes was higher than that of girls (48.0%)(χ²=23.62, 34.15, P < 0.01). After adjusting for age, gender, region, time of medium and high-intensity physical activity, intake of sugary food and sugary beverages, daily sleep time, multivariable Logistic regression model showed that girls with daily screen time greater than or equal to 60 minutes (OR=1.14, 95%CI=1.03-1.27) had a higher risk of myopia than those with less than 60 minutes. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no correlation between daily screen time and the degree of myopia in boys or girls(P>0.05). Conclusion Daily screen time greater than or equal to 60 minutes may be a risk factor for myopia in girls aged 11 to 14 years old. Given the complexity of the factors that affect vision, researches are needed to examine the relationship between screen time and myopia.
- Fixation, ocular /
- Time /
- Myopia /
- Regression analysis /
- Child
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同人口学特征儿童自我报告近视率和近视程度比较

Table 1. Comparison of self-reported myopia rates and degree among children with different demographic characteristics

人口学指标	选项	人数	自我报告近视			近视程度
人口学指标	选项	人数	报告人数	χ²值	P值	＜300度	≥300度	χ²值	P值
性别	男	6 157	2 399(39.0)	178.82	＜0.01	1 717(27.9)	682(11.1)	182.03	＜0.01
	女	6 240	3 177(50.9)			2 343(37.6)	834(13.4)
地区	城市	5 743	2 829(49.3)	79.25	＜0.01	2 039(35.5)	790(13.8)	80.83	＜0.01
	农村	6 654	2 747(41.3)			2 021(30.4)	726(10.9)
年龄/岁	11	3 319	1 025(30.9)	495.96	＜0.01	835(25.2)	190(5.7)	561.26	＜0.01
	12	3 130	1 340(42.8)			1 012(32.3)	328(10.5)
	13	3 100	1 571(50.7)			1 103(35.6)	468(15.1)
	14	2 848	1 640(57.6)			1 110(39.0)	530(18.6)
总计		12 397	5 576(45.0)			4 060(32.7)	1 516(12.2)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 不同人口学特征儿童视屏时间分布比较

Table 2. Comparison of children's screen time distribution with different demographic characteristics

人口学指标	选项	人数	0 min/d	>0~ < 60 min/d	≥60 min/d	χ²值	P值
性别	男	6 157	13(0.2)	3 531(57.4)	2 613(42.4)	20.98	＜0.01
	女	6 240	16(0.3)	3 827(61.3)	2 397(38.4)
地区	城市	5 743	14(0.2)	3 132(54.5)	2 597(45.2)	103.06	＜0.01
	农村	6 654	15(0.2)	4 226(63.5)	2 413(36.3)
年龄/岁	11	3 319	7(0.2)	2 291(69.0)	1 021(30.8)	217.02	＜0.01
	12	3 130	6(0.2)	1 888(60.3)	1 236(39.5)
	13	3 100	9(0.3)	1 671(53.9)	1 420(45.8)
	14	2 848	7(0.2)	1 508(52.9)	1 333(46.8)
每周中高强度身体活动时间/d	0	3 852	18(0.5)	2 446(63.5)	1 388(36.0)	108.78	＜0.01
	1	2 211	2(0.1)	1 339(60.6)	870(39.3)
	2	3 197	4(0.1)	1 929(60.3)	1 264(39.5)
	≥3	3 137	5(0.2)	1 644(52.4)	1 488(47.4)
含糖食品摄入量/(g·d^-1)	＜2	4 112	9(0.2)	2 555(62.1)	1 548(37.6)	29.11	＜0.01
	2~ < 22	4 067	9(0.2)	2 426(59.7)	1 632(40.1)
	≥22	4 218	11(0.3)	2 377(56.4)	1 830(43.4)
含糖饮料摄入量/(g·d^-1)	0	4 520	13(0.3)	2 758(61.0)	1 749(38.7)	28.86	＜0.01
	>0~ < 150	4 713	8(0.2)	2 846(60.4)	1 859(39.4)
	≥150	3 164	8(0.3)	1 754(55.4)	1 402(44.3)
睡眠时长/(h·d^-1)	＜9	7 785	20(0.3)	4 471(57.4)	3 294(42.3)	32.17	＜0.01
	≥9	4 612	9(0.2)	2 887(62.6)	1 716(37.2)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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