四川省2017—2021年中小学校教学环境卫生监测结果

罗清文; 谭晓东

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.033

四川省2017—2021年中小学校教学环境卫生监测结果

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.033

罗清文^{1, 2},
谭晓东^1, ,

1.
武汉大学健康学院，湖北 430071
2.
巴中市卫生和计划生育监督执法支队

详细信息

作者简介:
罗清文(1991-)，男，四川巴中人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为卫生政策评估与卫生监督管理

通讯作者:
谭晓东，E-mail: 00300469@whu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R122 G478
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-01
- 修回日期: 2021-10-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Analysis of health monitoring results in the teaching environment of primary and secondary schools in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2021

LUO Qingwen^{1, 2},
TAN Xiaodong^{1
, ,}

1.
School of Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan (430071), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析四川省2017—2021年中小学教学环境卫生现状，为制定教学环境卫生干预措施提供依据。方法 2017—2021年按照统一调查表对四川省7 510所中小学校监督抽检，采用描述性统计分析方法对监测结果进行分析。结果 2017—2021年中小学校教学环境卫生总体合格率仅为51.70%(3 883所)，2017年抽检2 282家，1 414家合格，合格率最高(61.96%); 2019年抽检1 768家，750家合格，合格率最低(42.42%)。不同检测项目在2017—2021年各年中的合格率及同一检测项目在2017—2021年不同年份合格率差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)。乡村地区5年共抽检2 095家，1 177家合格，合格率最高(56.18%); 城区5年共抽检2 124家，1 040家合格，合格率最低(48.96%)。小学学段5年共抽检4 867家，2 626家合格，合格率最高(53.93%)。不同地区在课桌椅配备、教室采光、黑板照度、教室人均面积、学生宿舍人均面积方面合格率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为9.87，17.51，37.69，75.43，11.22，P值均＜0.05)，不同学段在教室采光、教室人均面积、学生宿舍人均面积、教室和学生宿舍通风方面合格率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为9.16，39.37，79.56，31.37，P值均＜0.05)。结论四川省中小学校教学环境有待持续改善，教室采光、课桌椅配备合格率较低，应对薄弱环节加大投入。
- 教学 /
- 环境和公共卫生 /
- 环境监测 /
- 合格鉴定
Abstract: Objective To analyze the current situation of teaching environmental sanitation in primary and secondary schools in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2021, and to provide basis for the development of teaching environmental sanitation intervention measures in Sichuan Province. Methods A total of 7 510 primary and secondary schools were supervised and sampled from 2017 to 2021 according to the unified questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis method was used to analyze the monitoring results. Results The overall pass rate from 2017 to 2021 is only 51.70% (3 883), a total of 2 282 were sampled in 2017 and 1 414 were qualified, with the pass rate was the highest (61.96%), a total of 1 768 were sampled in 2019 and 750 were qualified, with the lowest pass rate (42.42%). The pass rate of different testing items in each year from 2017 to 2021 and the pass rate of the same test item in different years from 2017 to 2021 were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A total of 2 095 samples were inspected in rural areas in five years, and 1 177 were qualified, with the highest pass rate (56.18%). In urban areas, a total of 2 124 samples were inspected in five years, and 1 040 were qualified, with the lowest pass rate (48.96%). In the five-year period of primary school, a total of 4 867 schools were sampled, and 2 626 were qualified, with the highest pass rate (53.93%). There were statistically significant differences in the qualification rate of desks and chairs, classroom lighting, blackboard illumination, per capita area of classrooms, and per capita area of student dormitories in different regions (χ²=9.87, 17.51, 37.69, 75.43, 11.22, P < 0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the pass rates of classroom lighting, per capita area of classrooms, per capita area of student dormitories, and ventilation of classrooms and student dormitories between different school sections (χ²=9.16, 39.37, 79.56, 31.37, P < 0.05). Conclusion The teaching environment of primary and secondary schools in Sichuan Province needs to be improved continuously, the qualified rate of classroom lighting and desks and chairs is low, and the investment in weak links should be increased.
- Teaching /
- Environment and public health /
- Environmental monitoring /
- Eligibility determination
注释:

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表 1 2017—2021年各教学环境卫生检测项目合格率比较

Table 1. Comparison of qualification rates of different teaching environmental sanitation testing items from 2017 to 2021

年份	学校数	课桌椅配备	教室采光	黑板照度	教室人均面积	学生宿舍人均面积	教室和学生宿舍通风	χ²值	P值
2017	2 282	1 598(70.73)	1 876(82.81)	1 539(67.44)	1 362(59.68)	2 215(97.06)	2 148(94.13)	1 551.96	< 0.01
2018	1 714	1 117(65.17)	1 298(75.73)	1 171(68.32)	1 225(71.47)	1 489(86.87)	1 608(93.82)	605.57	< 0.01
2019	1 768	1 088(61.54)	1 151(65.10)	1 068(60.41)	1 123(63.52)	1 746(98.76)	1 738(98.30)	1 614.74	< 0.01
2020	1 696	1 047(61.73)	1 272(75.00)	1 006(59.32)	1 090(64.27)	1 671(98.53)	1 671(98.53)	1 530.30	< 0.01
2021	50	44(88.00)	37(74.00)	43(86.00)	45(90.00)	33(60.00)	40(80.00)	13.77	0.02
χ²值		54.28	156.22	62.13	74.47	466.16	126.14
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注： ()内数字为合格率/%。

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表 2 不同地区不同学段学校教学环境卫生指标合格率比较

Table 2. Comparison of qualified rates of teaching environmental health indicators of schools in different sections and different regions

地区与学段		学校数	统计值	课桌椅配备	教室采光	黑板照度	教室人均面积	学生宿舍人均面积	教室和学生宿舍通风
地区	城区	2 124		1 326(62.43)	1 525(71.80)	1 255(59.09)	1 266(59.60)	2 043(96.19)	2 036(95.86)
	镇区	3 291		2 175(66.09)	2 527(76.96)	2 153(65.42)	2 073(62.99)	3 105(94.35)	3 170(96.32)
	乡村	2 095		1 393(66.49)	1 582(75.51)	1 419(67.73)	1 506(71.89)	2 006(95.75)	1 999(95.42)
			χ²值	9.87	17.51	37.69	75.43	11.22	2.75
			P值	0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.25
学段	小学	4 867		3 208(65.91)	3 680(75.61)	3 171(65.15)	3 264(67.06)	4 714(96.86)	4 706(96.69)
	初中	2 026		1 299(64.12)	1 522(75.12)	1 280(63.18)	1 215(59.97)	1 876(92.60)	1 930(95.26)
	高中	617		387(62.72)	432(70.02)	376(60.94)	366(59.32)	564(91.41)	569(92.22)
			χ²值	3.80	9.16	5.68	39.37	79.56	31.37
			P值	0.15	0.01	0.06	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注： ()内数字为合格率/%。

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