丽水城区单亲家庭中学生心理健康状况

王俊霞; 叶建武; 张丽虹; 王元; 张丽红

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.024

丽水城区单亲家庭中学生心理健康状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.024

1.
浙江省丽水市莲都区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科, 323000
2.
丽水市疾病预防控制中心
3.
丽水市莲都区白云街道社区卫生服务中心

基金项目:

丽水市公益性技术应用研究自筹项目 2021SJZC100

详细信息

作者简介:
王俊霞(1975-), 女, 浙江丽水人, 大学本科, 副主任医师, 主要从事学校卫生工作

通讯作者:
叶建武, E-mail: lscdcyjw@sina.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 B844.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 927
- HTML全文浏览量: 496
- PDF下载量: 45
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-12
- 修回日期: 2021-10-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Mental health status of middle school students from single parent families in urban area of Lishui City

1.
Department of Health Supervision, Liandu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui (323000), Zhejiang Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解丽水市城区单亲家庭中学生心理健康状况及相关因素, 为开展单亲家庭中学生心理健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法在丽水市区范围内整群抽取2所高中、2所初中共4所学校展开调查。先采用分层随机抽样法选取160名单亲家庭中学生为研究组, 再采用1∶1配对对照研究的方法, 以班级、性别、年龄、家庭背景为配对条件, 选取160名双亲家庭中学生为对照组, 使用心理健康诊断测验量表(MHT)进行测试。结果在过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向和总焦虑率检出方面, 单亲家庭中学生高于双亲家庭中学生, 差异有统计学意义(χ²值分别为5.70, 5.34, 6.84, 4.30, P值均 < 0.05)。在160名单亲家庭中学生中, 女生在学习焦虑、对人焦虑、自责倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向和总焦虑方面检出率均高于男生, 差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为12.26, 4.61, 7.34, 14.96, 20.53, 10.05, 16.19, 9.39, P值均 < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 性别是影响单亲家庭中学生心理健康倾向的因素(OR=4.25, 95%CI=1.87~7.02, P < 0.05)。结论丽水市区单亲家庭中学生存在较多的心理问题倾向, 特别是单亲家庭女生心理问题倾向较严重, 应针对性地开展心理健康教育。
- 家庭 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate mental health status and associated factors among middle school students from single-parent families in urban Lishui, and to provide reference for mental health education for adolescents from single-parent families. Methods In the urban area of Lishui City, a total of 160 middle school students from single parent families in four middle schools were selected by stratified random sampling, among 160 middle school students from two-parent families were selected matched for class, gender, age and family background, and Mental Health Diagnostic Test Scale (MHT) was used for testing. Results In terms of allergy tendency, physical symptoms, phobic tendency and total anxiety detection, middle school students from single-parent families were higher than those from two-parent families, and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=5.70, 5.34, 6.84, 4.30, P < 0.05). Among the 160 middle school students from single-parent families, the detection rate of girls in learning anxiety, anxiety towards others, self-blame tendency, allergic tendency, physical symptoms, terror tendency, impulsive tendency and total anxiety were higher than that of boys, and the differences were statistically significant. (χ²=12.26, 4.61, 7.34, 14.96, 20.53, 10.05, 16.19, 9.39, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender was positively associated with mental health of middle school students in single-parent families (OR=4.25, 95%CI=1.87-7.02, P < 0.05). Conclusion There are a higher prevalence of psychological problems among middle school students from single-parent families in Lishui city, especially among girls, which warrents further psychosocial services including mental health education.
- Family /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同组别单亲家庭中学生心理健康状况检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of factors related to mental health status of middle school students in single-parent families

组别	选项	人数	统计值	学习焦虑	对人焦虑	孤独倾向	自责倾向	过敏倾向	身体症状	恐怖倾向	冲动倾向	总焦虑
性别	男	77		26(33.77)	4(5.19)	2(2.60)	11(14.29)	14(18.18)	8(10.39)	3(3.90)	0	5(6.49)
	女	83		51(61.45)	13(15.66)	6(7.23)	27(32.53)	39(46.99)	35(42.17)	17(20.48)	10(12.05)	20(24.10)
			χ²值	12.26	4.61	1.80	7.34	14.96	20.53	10.05	16.19	9.39
			P值	＜0.01	0.03	0.18	0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01
学段	初中	82		41(50.00)	8(9.76)	3(3.66)	20(24.39)	24(29.27)	24(29.27)	10(12.20)	4(4.88)	15(18.29)
	高中	78		35(44.87)	9(11.54)	5(6.41)	18(23.08)	29(37.18)	19(24.36)	10(12.82)	6(7.69)	10(12.82)
			χ²值	0.42	0.13	0.64	0.04	1.13	0.49	0.01	0.54	0.91
			P值	0.52	0.71	0.43	0.85	0.29	0.48	0.91	0.46	0.34
抚养者	父亲	71		30(42.25)	9(12.68)	3(4.23)	13(18.31)	21(29.58)	19(26.76)	4(5.63)	3(4.22)	10(14.08)
	母亲	89		46(51.69)	8(8.99)	5(5.62)	25(28.09)	32(35.96)	24(26.97)	16(17.98)	7(7.87)	15(16.85)
			χ²值	1.41	0.57	1.16	2.09	0.73	＜0.01	5.50	0.84	0.23
			P值	0.24	0.45	0.69	0.15	0.40	0.98	0.02	0.35	0.63
与单亲另一方联系	经常	100		46(46.00)	10(10.00)	5(5.00)	25(25.00)	32(32.00)	27(27.00)	10(10.00)	6(6.00)	15(15.00)
	不经常	60		30(50.00)	7(11.67)	3(5.00)	13(21.67)	21(35.00)	16(26.67)	10(16.67)	4(6.67)	10(16.67)
			χ²值	0.24	0.11	＜0.01	0.23	0.15	＜0.01	1.52	0.03	0.08
			P值	0.62	0.74	1.00	0.63	0.70	0.96	0.22	0.87	0.78
单亲年限/年	＜1	19		6(31.58)	1(5.26)	2(10.53)	5(26.32)	3(15.79)	3(15.79)	1(5.26)	0	1(5.26)
	1~ < 5	29		15(51.72)	3(10.34)	2(6.90)	8(27.59)	12(41.38)	5(17.24)	1(3.45)	2(6.90)	5(17.24)
	5~ < 10	56		26(46.43)	6(10.71)	3(5.36)	7(12.50)	13(23.21)	15(26.79)	6(10.71)	1(1.79)	5(8.93)
	≥10	56		27(48.21)	6(10.71)	2(3.57)	16(28.57)	22(39.29)	18(32.14)	10(17.86)	5(8.93)	12(21.43)
			χ²值	2.08	0.54	1.40	4.98	6.87	3.32	4.92	4.26	5.09
			P值	0.56	0.90	0.71	0.17	0.08	0.35	0.18	0.24	0.17
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 单亲家庭中学生心理健康影响因素Logistic回归分析(n=160)

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of mental health influencing factors of middle school students in single-parent families(n=160)

常量与自变量		β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
常量		1.86	0.95	3.84	0.05
性别	女	1.29	0.34	14.48	＜0.01	4.25(1.87~7.02)
学段	初中	0.41	0.10	0.18	0.67	1.00(0.86~1.26)
抚养者	母亲	0.01	0.35	0.00	0.97	1.21(0.51~2.01)

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(15)

[1]	梁瑞华. 天津市单亲中小学生心理健康状况调查及相关因素分析[D]. 天津: 天津医科大学, 2010. LIANG R H. Mental health status of single parent primary and middle school students in Tianjin and analysis of related factors[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin Medical University, 2010.
[2]	李瑞之. 中等职业学校单亲家庭学生心理健康状况调查研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2019. LI R Z. A survey on mental health of students from single parent families in secondary vocational schools[D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2019.
[3]	甘小平. 不同类型离异家庭高中生心理健康的现状及对策研究[D]. 成都: 四川师范大学, 2017. GAN X P. The present situation and countermeasures of mental health of high school students from different types of divorced families[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan Normal University, 2017.
[4]	陈建洁. 单亲家庭中小学生心理弹性与心理健康的关系研究[D]. 太原: 山西大学, 2018. CHEN J J. A study on the relationship between mental resilience and mental health of primary and middle school students from single parent families[D]. Taiyuan: Shanxi University, 2018.
[5]	赵小辉. 单、双亲家庭中学生心理健康现状的比较研究[D]. 成都: 四川师范大学, 2017. ZHAO X H. A comparative study on mental health status of middle school students from single-and two-parent families[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan Normal University, 2017.
[6]	刘元, 胡小桃, 宗娜. 中职学校单亲家庭学生心理健康状况调查研究[J]. 职教通讯, 2018(19): 53. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJTX201819010.htm LIU Y, HU X T, ZONG N. A survey of mental health status of students from single parent families in secondary vocational schools[J]. Vocat Educ Commun, 2018(19): 53. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJTX201819010.htm
[7]	吉卉. 基于归因方式团体干预单亲家庭中职生抑郁的实践和效果研究[D]. 武汉: 华中师范大学, 2017. JI H. Practice and effect of attribution-based group intervention on depression of vocational school students in single-parent families[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2017.
[8]	王洪霞. 初中离异家庭学生心理健康状况调查与教育对策研究[J]. 英语教师, 2016(10): 38-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YJJS201610008.htm WANG H X. Research on mental health status and educational countermeasures of divorced students in junior middle school[J]. English Teach, 2016(10): 38-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YJJS201610008.htm
[9]	叶钦. 离异单亲家庭青少年心理问题的社工介入研究[D]. 南昌: 江西财经大学, 2019. YE Q. A study of social worker intervention on the psychological problems of divorced adolescents in single parent families[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi University Finance Economics, 2019.
[10]	郭天珍. 单亲家庭学生心理健康教育策略的有效性研究[J]. 课程教育研究, 2020(7): 26-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCJY202007023.htm GUO T Z. A study on the effectiveness of mental health education strategies for students from single-parent families[J]. J Curriculum Educ Res, 2020(7): 26-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCJY202007023.htm
[11]	朱莺燕. 农村初中单亲家庭学生的心理健康教育策略[J]. 启迪与智慧, 2020(6): 96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QDZH202006107.htm ZHU Y Y. Strategies of mental health education for students from single-parent families in rural junior middle schools[J]. Inspiration Wisdom, 2020(6): 96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QDZH202006107.htm
[12]	宋晓妍. 初探单亲家庭学生心理问题及学校教育对策[J]. 教育现代化, 2018(42): 367-368. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JYXD201842173.htm SONG X Y. A preliminary study on the psychological problems of students from single-parent families and the countermeasures of school education[J]. Modern Educ, 2018(42): 367-368. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JYXD201842173.htm
[13]	梁国林, 徐寿坤. 单亲家庭初中学生心理健康教育案例研究[J]. 学苑教育, 2019(14): 77. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYJA201914077.htm LIANG G L, XU S K. A case study on mental health education of single parent junior high school students[J]. Acad Educ, 2019(14): 77. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYJA201914077.htm
[14]	李晓琴. 单亲家庭学生心理健康教育的有效途径与方法[J]. 课程教育研究, 2020(7): 23-24. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCJY202007019.htm LI X Q. Effective ways and methods of mental health education for students from single parent families[J]. Cour Educ Res, 2020(7): 23-24. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KCJY202007019.htm
[15]	朱智佩, 方黎, 孙莉, 等. 单亲家庭小学生心理健康状况研究综述[J]. 中国校医, 2018, 32(9): 653-654. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201809006.htm ZHU Z P, FANG L, SUN L, et al. A review on mental health status of primary school students from single parent families[J]. Chin J School Doctor, 2018, 32(9): 653-654. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201809006.htm