大学生心理控制源与健康危险行为的关系

余金聪; 赵志雅; 唐雪梅; 李文祯

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.023

大学生心理控制源与健康危险行为的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.023

1.
中南财经政法大学心理健康教育咨询中心，武汉 430073
2.
华中科技大学公共卫生学院
3.
武汉铁路职业技术学院马克思主义学院

基金项目:

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目 2019kfyXJJS032

详细信息

作者简介:
余金聪(1988-)，男，四川宜宾人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为大学生心理健康

通讯作者:
李文祯，E-mail：liwenzhen5@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 B844.2 G647.9
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-23
- 修回日期: 2021-09-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Association between locus of control and health risk behaviors among college students

1.
Education and Counseling Center for Psychological Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan (430073), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探索心理控制源对大学生健康危险行为的影响，为制定大学生健康危险行为干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法，从中国东部、中部和西部地区分别随机抽取2个省份，每个省份随机抽取2所高校，对来自12所高校的3 951名大学生完成在线匿名调查，内容包括人口学特征、心理控制源量表和大学生健康危险行为问卷。采用χ²检验、二元Logistic回归等统计方法进行数据分析。结果在调查的大学生中，2 287名(57.88%)同时有3种及以上健康危险行为，其中视屏时间较长、体育锻炼不足、不良饮食行为、饮酒和吸烟的学生分别有3 846(97.34%)，2 952(74.72%)，2 853(72.21%)，538(13.62%)和220名(5.57%)。心理控制源内控性能降低大学生同时有3种及以上健康危险行为(OR=0.98)和体育锻炼不足(OR=0.93)的发生风险，增加吸烟行为的发生风险(OR=1.07)；有势力的他人能降低大学生同时有3种及以上健康危险行为(OR=0.98)、饮酒(OR=0.95)和不良饮食行为(OR=0.97)的发生风险；机遇能增加大学生同时有3种及以上健康危险行为(OR=1.04)、饮酒(OR=1.04)和体育锻炼不足(OR=1.03)的发生风险(P值均＜0.01)。结论大学生健康危险行为问题较为严重，心理控制源是影响大学生健康危险行为的重要因素。根据不同健康危险行为控制相应的心理控制源，能够有效预防健康危险行为的发生，促进大学生健康成长。
- 精神卫生 /
- 危险行为 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence of health risk behaviors and the association between locus of control and health risk behaviors among college students, and to provide reference for the formulation of health risk behavior intervention for college students. Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 provinces from the east, central and west regions of China, respectively. Two universities were then randomly selected from each selected province. A total of 3 951 college students from 12 universities completed the electronic and anonymous questionnaires, which included demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Questionnaire (MHLC) and Health Risk Behaviors Questionnaire. Chi-square test and binary Logistic regression were applied to analyze data. Results Totally 2 287(57.88%) students reported having three or more kinds of health risk behaviors. The prevalence of excessive screen time, insufficient physical exercise, poor eating behaviors, drinking and smoking were 97.34%(3 846), 74.72%(2 952), 72.21%(2 853), 13.62%(538) and 5.57%(220). Internal locus of control was associated with lower risk of three or more kinds of health risk behavior (OR=0.98) and inadequate physical activity (OR=0.93) and associated with higher risk of smoking (OR=1.07). The powerful others was associated with lower risk of three or more kinds of health risk behavior (OR=0.98), drinking (OR=0.95) and unhealthy eating behavior (OR=0.97). And the chance was associated with higher risk of three or more kinds of health risk behavior (OR=1.04), drinking (OR=1.04) and inadequate physical activity (OR=1.03)(P < 0.01). Conclusion College students have serious health risk behavior problems, the locus of control is associated with health risk behaviors among college students. Which might be helpful to prevent the occurrence of health risk behaviors, and improve overall health of college students.
- Mental health /
- Dangerous behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同人口统计学特征大学生同时有3种及以上健康危险行为报告率比较

Table 1. Comparison of having three or more kinds of health risk behaviors among college students with different demographic characteristics

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	报告人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 674	873(52.15)	39.17	＜0.01
	女	2 277	1 414(62.10)
民族	汉族	3 567	2 078(58.26)	2.09	0.15
	少数民族	384	209(54.43)
学校类型	本科类	3 127	1 780(56.92)	5.65	0.02
	高职高专类	824	507(61.53)
专业	医学类	1 232	701(56.90)	0.71	0.40
	非医学类	2 719	1 586(58.33)
年级	大一	1 191	652(54.74)	8.45	0.04
	大二	1 191	693(58.19)
	大三	927	564(60.84)
	大四/大五	642	378(58.88)
生源地	农村	2 367	1 322(55.85)	10.01	＜0.01
	城市	1 584	965(60.92)
独生子女	是	1 360	831(61.10)	8.81	＜0.01
	否	2 591	1 456(56.19)
自评家庭经济	差	1 478	852(57.65)	0.93	0.63
条件	中等	2 225	1 298(58.34)
	好	248	137(55.24)
学习负担	重	1 499	901(60.11)	4.92	0.09
	一般	2 291	1 296(56.57)
	轻	161	90(55.90)
BMI	低体重	919	516(56.15)	4.19	0.24
	正常	2 396	1 386(57.85)
	超重	391	230(58.82)
	肥胖	245	155(63.27)
注： ()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 心理控制源对大学生健康危险行为影响的二元Logistic回归分析[n=3 951，OR值(OR值95%CI)]

Table 2. Binary Logistic regression of locus of control on health risk behaviors among college students[n=3 951, OR(OR 95%CI)]

自变量	同时有3种及以上健康危险行为	吸烟	饮酒	体育锻炼不足	视屏时间较长	不良饮食行为
内控性	0.98(0.96~1.00)^*	1.07(1.03~1.11)^*	1.02(0.99~1.04)	0.93(0.92~0.95)^*	1.03(1.00~1.06)	0.99(0.97~1.00)
有势力的他人	0.98(0.96~1.00)^*	0.99(0.95~1.02)	0.95(0.92~0.97)^*	1.02(1.00~1.04)	0.98(0.95~1.02)	0.97(0.96~0.99)^*
机遇	1.04(1.02~1.05)^*	1.02(0.98~1.05)	1.04(1.02~1.07)^*	1.03(1.01~1.05)^*	1.02(0.99~1.05)	1.01(1.00~1.03)
注： *P＜0.05。

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