北京市高年级小学生周末运动时间影响因素分析

龙鑫; 张洪伟; 纪颖; 张夏男; 谢立璟

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.007

北京市高年级小学生周末运动时间影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.007

首都医科大学燕京医学院，北京 101300

基金项目:

中华医学会医学教育分会和中国高等教育学会医学教育专业委员会2018年医学教育研究课题项目 2018B-N06002

首都医科大学燕京医学院科研启动基金 19qdky13

详细信息

作者简介:
龙鑫(1986-)，女，辽宁盘锦人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为学校健康教育

通讯作者:
谢立璟，E-mail：xielijing2018@ccmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G806 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-09
- 修回日期: 2021-11-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Physical activity among senior primary school students on weekends in Beijing

Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing (101300), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析北京市四至六年级小学生周末中高强度运动(moderate and vigorous physical activity, MVPA)时间及影响因素，为制定健康教育与促进相关措施提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法在北京市随机抽取14所小学四至六年级共2 515名学生，采用自编问卷对其周末MVPA时间、社会人口学特征、其他健康相关行为和健康知识等进行调查。利用多因素Logistic回归分析探索周末运动时间的影响因素。结果北京市四至六年级小学生周末MVPA不足率为63.54%，女生运动不足率(69.92%)高于男生(57.81%)(χ²=39.65，P<0.01)；多因素Logistic回归分析显示，女生(OR=1.74)、远郊区学校(OR=1.41)、普通校(OR=1.34)、单亲家庭(OR=1.46)和累计睡眠时间不足(OR=1.50)与周末MVPA时间不足正性相关(P值均<0.05)。结论北京市四至六年级小学生周末MVPA时间不足较普遍，其中远郊区和教学资源相对薄弱校是需要关注的重点地区，女生是需要关注的重点人群。
- 运动活动 /
- 时间 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 健康教育
Abstract: Objective To analyze the duration and influencing factors of moderate and vigorous physical activity(MVPA) on weekends for primary school students in grades 4 to 6 in Beijing, and to provide a reference for formulating health education and promotion measures. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 2 515 students from grades 4-6 in 14 primary schools in Beijing, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to record MVPA on weekend, social demographic characteristics, other related health behaviors and knowledge. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of MVPA on weekends. Results The prevalence of insufficient MVPA on weekends in Beijing was 63.54%, and the prevalence was higher among girls (69.92%) than boys (57.81%) (χ²=39.65, P<0.01). Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that girls (OR=1.74), living in rural areas (OR=1.41), participants attending general schools (OR=1.34), from divorced family (OR=1.46), and short sleep duration (OR=1.50) were more likely to fail to meet the MVPA recommendations(P<0.05). Conclusion It is quite common that no sufficient weekend MVPA among senior primary school students, among them, the outer suburbs and schools with relatively weak teaching resources are the key places that need attention, and girls are the key groups that need attention.
- Motor activity /
- Time /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Health education
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 北京市不同性别四至六年级小学生周末中高强度运动时间不足报告率比较

Table 1. Comparation of unaccomplished rate of MVPA among grade 4 to 6 pupils in different genders on weekends in Beijing

性别	四年级		五年级		六年级		合计
性别	人数	报告人数	人数	报告人数	人数	报告人数	人数	报告人数
男	437	275(62.93)	447	239(53.47)	441	252(57.14)	1 325	766(57.81)
女	359	227(63.23)	434	312(71.89)	397	293(73.80)	1 190	832(69.92)
χ²值		0.01		31.90		25.50		39.65
P值		0.93		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 2 小学生周末中高强度运动时间不足单因素分析

Table 2. Univariate analysis of the unaccomplished prevalence of MVPA on weekends among pupils

因素	选项	人数	周末MVPA时间不足	χ²值	P值
行政区划	城区	695	417(60.00)	10.86	< 0.01
	近郊区	1 016	635(62.50)
	远郊区	804	546(67.91)
教学资源	普通校	1 155	777(67.28)	12.85	< 0.01
	优势校	1 360	821(60.37)
年级	四	796	502(63.07)	1.27	0.53
	五	881	551(62.54)
	六	838	545(65.04)
性别	男	1 325	766(57.81)	39.65	< 0.01
	女	1 190	832(69.92)
是否独生子女	是	1 260	785(62.30)	1.67	0.20
	否	1 255	813(64.78)
是否北京户口	是	1 578	1 021(64.70)	2.47	0.12
	否	937	577(61.58)
父母中是否有人在	无	2 393	855(35.73)	11.47	0.01
医院工作	有	122	60(49.18)
家庭类别	核心	1 148	715(62.28)	9.95	0.02
	主干	1 031	644(62.46)
	单亲	242	172(71.07)
	其他	86	62(72.09)
累计睡眠时间	不足	2 225	1 438(64.63)	9.90	< 0.01
	正常	290	160(55.17)
电子产品使用时间	过多	576	365(63.37)	0.01	0.92
	正常	1 939	1 233(63.59)
健康知识得分	不及格	1 522	983(64.59)	1.83	0.18
	及格	993	615(61.93)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 3 小学生MVPA时间不足多因素Logistic回归分析(n=2 515)

Table 3. Logistic regression of unaccomplished rate of MVPA on weekends among pupils(n=2 515)

自变量与常量	选项	β值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
行政区划	近郊区	0.02	1.11	0.29	1.12(0.91~1.37)
	远郊区	0.34	9.59	< 0.01	1.41(1.13~1.75)
教学资源	普通校	0.29	11.64	< 0.01	1.34(1.13~1.58)
性别	女	0.55	42.03	< 0.01	1.74(1.47~2.06)
家庭类别	主干	-0.03	0.01	0.75	0.97(0.81~1.16)
	单亲	0.38	5.93	0.02	1.46(1.08~1.99)
	其他	0.42	2.76	0.10	1.52(0.93~2.49)
累计睡眠时间	不足	0.41	9.96	< 0.01	1.50(1.17~1.94)
常量		-0.37	5.81	0.02

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