性别角色态度与青少年抑郁的关联

张家帅; 左霞云; 余春艳; 廉启国; 钟向阳; 涂晓雯; 楼超华

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.005

性别角色态度与青少年抑郁的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.005

1.
复旦大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200032
2.
上海市生物医药技术研究院/国家卫生健康委员会计划生育药具重点实验室
3.
上海市静安区教育学院

基金项目:

国家卫生健康委员会计划生育药具重点实验室科技创新导向项目 CX2017-05

世界卫生组织项目 ERC0003027

上海市计划生育科学研究所青年创新基金项目 Q2018-1

详细信息

作者简介:
张家帅(1993-), 男, 安徽阜阳人, 在读博士, 主要研究方向为青少年性与生殖健康

通讯作者:
楼超华, E-mail: louchaohua60@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G444 B844.2 G627.8
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-18
- 修回日期: 2021-09-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Relationship between gender role attitudes and depression among adolescents

1.
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai (200032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究性别角色态度(gender role attitudes, GRA)与青少年抑郁的关联, 为促进青少年心理健康提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方式选取上海市静安区3所公立初中的全部六至八年级学生1 549名, 于2017和2018年11—12月开展两次匿名电子问卷调查。采用GRA量表和抑郁量表收集研究对象对于家庭和两性关系中男女传统角色分配和权力不平等态度与抑郁情况, 利用多因素广义估计方程(generalized estimating equations, GEE)模型分析GRA与抑郁的关联。结果两次调查时GRA量表得分分别为(2.52±0.83)和(2.29±0.86)分, 抑郁量表得分为(15.92±5.08)和(16.48±5.29)分, 差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。在调整了年龄、被欺凌经历、身体满意度、社区凝聚力等协变量之后, 多因素GEE模型结果显示, 传统GRA与男女生的抑郁发生风险均显著相关(β_男=0.38, β_女=0.41, P值均<0.05)。结论传统GRA可能会增加青少年抑郁风险, 培养积极、平等的GRA有助于预防抑郁的发生。
- 性别特性 /
- 态度 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between gender role attitudes (GRA) and adolescent depression to provide evidence for the promotion of mental health among adolescents. Methods A total of 1 549 students from grades 6 to 8 in three public middle schools in Jing'an District of Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster sampling. The baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted by anonymous electronic questionnaire on mobile tablets from November to December in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The GRA Scale and the Depression Scale were used to collect subjects' attitudes towards traditional role assignment and power inequality between men and woman and depression in family and sexual relationships. The multivariate Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model was adopted to examine the relationship between GRA and depression. Results The mean score of the GRA Scale was (2.52±0.83) and (2.29±0.86), while the score of Depression Scale was (15.92±5.08) and (16.48±5.29), in the baseline and follow-up survey, respectively (P<0.05). After controlling the covariates of age, bullied experience, body image, social cohesion, etc., the multivariate GEE model indicated traditional GRA was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression among both boys and girls (β_boys=0.38, β_girls=0.41, P<0.05). Conclusion Traditional GRA may increase the risk of depression in adolescents, suggesting that cultivating a positive and equal GRA among this population group may help to prevent depression.
- Gender indentity /
- Attitude /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 基线调查时研究对象基本特征的性别间比较

Table 1. Gender comparison of basic characteristics of subjects during baseline survey

基本特征	男生(n=804)	女生(n=745)	χ²值	P值
学习成绩(跟班里其他同学相比)^*
较差	125(15.74)	94(12.82)	2.65	0.27
一般	331(41.69)	317(43.25)
较好	338(42.57)	322(43.93)
学校成年人关爱^*
总是	365(49.39)	314(46.18)	1.47	0.23
从不/有时	374(50.61)	366(53.82)
主要照看人关爱程度^*
非常	463(60.13)	396(54.47)	4.90	0.03
一般^#	307(39.87)	331(45.53)
担心自己的外形或看上去的样子^*
是	319(40.18)	325(43.80)	2.07	0.15
否	475(59.82)	417(56.20)
过去6个月内被取笑和欺凌经历^*
是	345(45.39)	223(31.23)	31.17	< 0.01
否	415(54.61)	491(68.77)
注：#包括“一点也不”“不太”“有些”；()内数字为构成比/%；*表示项目有缺失数据。

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