女大学生月经初潮年龄与高血压前期的相关性

王英慧; 马迎红; 阎驰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.026

女大学生月经初潮年龄与高血压前期的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.026

江汉大学医院(武汉市第六医院)全科医学科，湖北武汉 430056

详细信息

作者简介:
王英慧(1968-)，女，广东梅县人，硕士，副主任医师，主要从事高校医疗工作

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G647.8 R173 R544.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 773
- HTML全文浏览量: 321
- PDF下载量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-04
- 修回日期: 2021-09-13
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-25

Association between age at menarche and prehypertension in female college students

Department of General Medical, Hospital of Jianghan University(the Sixth Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan (430056), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨女性大学生月经初潮年龄与高血压前期的关系，为大学生高血压及心血管疾病的早期预防提供科学依据。方法通过分层整群随机抽样方式，选取江汉大学558名在校女大学生，收集月经初潮年龄信息，测量体重、身高及血压，计算体质量指数(BMI)，比较不同月经初潮年龄受试者的血压状态，探讨月经初潮年龄对血压的影响。结果大学女生平均月经初潮年龄为(12.48±0.95)岁，高血压前期检出率为17.56%(98名); 月经初潮年龄8~11，12，13，14，15~19岁，高血压前期检出率分别为30.95%，10.00%，17.31%，10.81%，31.58%，呈近似U型分布趋势，12岁女生检出率最低，13及14岁组高血压前期发生率与12岁组差异无统计学意义，而8~11岁组或15~19岁组发生高血压前期的风险大于12岁组(OR值分别为4.03，4.15，P值均 < 0.05)。结论月经初潮年龄过早或过晚均与血压偏高相关，对于初潮年龄过早且肥胖的女生进行适当干预可能有益于降低未来高血压的发生。
- 月经初潮 /
- 年龄因素 /
- 高血压 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 女(雌)性
Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation of age at menarche and prehypertension in female college students. Methods Age at menarche of 558 female college students was collected, while blood pressure, height and weight were measured, and body mass index(BMI) was calculated. Results Average age at menarche was (12.48±0.95) years, prevalence of prehypertension was 17.56% (98/558). The age of menarche was 8-11, 12, 13, 14, 15-19, and the prevalence of hypertension was 30.95%, 10.00%, 17.31%, 10.81%, 31.58% respectively, U-shape association was observed in the association between prehypertension with age at menarche, lowest when age at menarche was < 12 years. There was no significant difference in prehypertension between age at menarche was 13, 14 years old with 12-year-old group, those age at menarche 8-11 or 15-19 had a significantly higher risk of developing prehypertension than those 12-year-old(OR=4.03, 4.15, P < 0.05). Conclusion Early or late menarche is associated with high blood pressure, appropriate intervention for girls with early menarche and obesity may be beneficial in reducing their future hypertension.
- Menarche /
- Age factors /
- Hypertension /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Female
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同月经初潮年龄受试者BMI和血压比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of BMI and blood pressure in subjects with different menarche ages(x±s)

年龄/岁	人数	BMI/(kg·m^-2)	SBP/mm Hg	DBP/mm Hg
8~11	84	21.44±2.56	114.82±14.27	68.57±8.62
12	150	20.64±2.26	108.46±11.28	64.56±7.14
13	156	20.50±2.86	109.92±11.74	66.96±7.34
14	111	20.47±3.04	111.84±11.55	65.94±7.00
15~19	57	19.30±2.36	117.79±13.56	70.58±6.70
F值		1.87	1.96	2.57
P值		0.12	0.10	0.04
注： 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 女大学生月经初潮年龄与高血压前期发生风险的相关性

Table 2. Relationship between age of menarche and risk of prehypertension in female college students

年龄/岁	人数	检出人数	检出率/%	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
8~11	84	26	30.95	4.03(1.99~8.17)	< 0.01
12	150	15	10.00	1.00
13	156	27	17.31	1.88(0.96~3.70)	0.06
14	111	12	10.81	1.09(0.49~2.43)	0.83
15~19	57	18	31.58	4.15(1.92~8.99)	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(22)

[1]	王雨婷, 郑荣秀, 刘戈力, 等. 天津地区中小学女生月经初潮年龄及相关因素[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2019, 40(12): 1858-1861. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.12.026 WANG Y T, ZHENG R X, LIU G L, et al. Age at menarche and associated factors of female junior middle school students in Tianjin area[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2019, 40(12): 1858-1861. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.12.026
[2]	陈伟伟, 高润霖, 刘力生, 等. 《中国心血管病报告2017》概要[J]. 中国循环杂志, 2018, 33(1): 1-8. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGXH201801001.htm CHEN W W, GAO R L, LIU L S, et al. Summary of the 2017 Report on Cardiovascular Diseases in China[J]. Chin Circul J, 2018, 33(1): 1-8. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGXH201801001.htm
[3]	方萍, 苏洁, 梁凯伦, 等. 胃肠激素与代谢性高血压相关性研究进展[J]. 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 2018, 32(8): 661-666. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YLBS201808012.htm FANG P, SU J, LIANG K L, et al. Research progress in relationships between gastrointestinal hormones and metabolic Hypertension[J]. Chin J Pharmacol Toxicol, 2018, 32(8): 661-666. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YLBS201808012.htm
[4]	CHOBANIAN A V, BAKRIS G L, BLACK H R, et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC-7 report[J]. JAMA, 2003, 289(19): 2560-2572. doi: 10.1001/jama.289.19.2560
[5]	WILLIAMSON W, FOSTER C, REID H, et al. Will exercise advice be sufficient for treatment of young adults with prehypertension and hypertension? A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Hypertension, 2016, 68(1): 78-87. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07431
[6]	JUN M, XIANG Y. The management of prehypertension in young adults[J]. Saud Med J, 2020, 41(3): 223-231. doi: 10.15537/smj.2020.3.24998
[7]	赵璐, 张秀敏, 吴方园, 等. 大学生高血压前期与肥胖程度、自主神经功能、心理健康及生活方式的关系[J]. 现代预防医学, 2018, 45(12): 2176-2179, 2199. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF201812017.htm ZHAO L, ZHANG X M, WU F Y, et al. Relationship among undergraduate students' prehypertension, obesity, autonomic nrvous function, mental health and lifestyle[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2018, 45(12): 2176-2179, 2199. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF201812017.htm
[8]	宋逸, 马军, 张冰, 等. 中国学生首次遗精、月经初潮与肥胖联合作用对血压偏高的影响[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2017, 51(4): 306-312. SONG Y, MA J, ZANG B, et al. The combined effect of spermarche, menarche and obesity on elevated blood pressure among Chinese students[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2017, 51(4): 306-312.
[9]	中国高血压防治指南修订委员会, 高血压联盟(中国), 中华医学会心血管病学分会, 等. 中国高血压防治指南(2018年修订版)[J]. 中国心血管杂志, 2019, 24(1): 24-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIXG201901003.htm Revision Committee of Chinese guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension, Chinese Hypertension League, Chinese Society of Cardiology, et al. 2018 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension[J]. Chin J Cardiovasc Med, 2019, 24(1): 24-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIXG201901003.htm
[10]	何芳, 王宏, 彭林丽, 等. 重庆城区中小学生月经初潮及首次遗精与父母生育年龄的相关性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(4): 567-569. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.04.024 HE F, WANG H, PENG L L, et al. Relationship between menarche or first spermatorrhea among high and primary school students and parental age at birth in Chongqing[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2017, 38(4): 567-569. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.04.024
[11]	KARAPANOU O, PANADIMITRIOU A. Determinants of menarche[J]. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2010, 8(1): 115.
[12]	CHUMLEA W C, SCHUBERT C M, ROCHE A F, et al. Age at menarche and racial comparisons in US girls[J]. Pediatrics, 2003, 111(1): 110-113.
[13]	BRIX N, ERNST A, LAURIDSEN L L B, et al. Timing of puberty in boys and girls: a population-based study[J]. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, 2019, 33(1): 70-78.
[14]	HOSOKAWA M, IMAZEKI S, MIZUNUMA H, et al. Secular trends in age at menarche and time to establish regular menstrual cycling in Japanese women born between 1930 and 1985[J]. BMC Women Health, 2012, 12(1): 19.
[15]	SUN Y, TAO F B, SU P Y, et al. National estiminates of the pubertal milestones among urban and rural Chinese girls[J]. J Adolesc Health, 2012, 51(3): 279-284.
[16]	罗珊, 廉启国, 毛燕燕, 等. 中国中小学女生月经初潮年龄和月经模式调查分析[J]. 中华生殖与避孕杂志, 2017, 37(3): 208-212. LUO S, LIAN Q G, MAO Y Y, et al. Age at menarche and menstrual cycle pattern among school adolescent girls in China[J]. Chin J Reprod Contracep, 2017, 37(3): 208-212.
[17]	CHANG H S, ODONGUA N, OHRR H, et al. Reproductive risk factors for cardiovascular disease mortality among postmenopausal women in Korea: the Kangwha Cohort Study 1985-2005[J]. Menopause, 2011, 18: 1205-1212.
[18]	JACOBSEN B K, ODA K, KNUTSEN S F, et al. Age at menarche, total mortality and mortality from ischaemic heart disease and stroke: the Adventist Health Study, 1976-88[J]. Int J Epidemiol, 2009, 38: 245-252.
[19]	CANOY D, BERAL V, BALKWILL A, et al. Age at menarche and risks of coronary heart and other vascular diseases in a large UK cohort[J]. Circulation, 2015, 131: 237-244.
[20]	黄慧伟, 杜蔚连, 邓茜. 宁波地区女性月经初潮年龄与成年体脂的相关性分析[J]. 浙江医学, 2020, 42(1): 20-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJYE202001008.htm HUANG H W, DU W L, DENG Q. Association between age at menarche and body fat accumulation in adulthood of women[J]. Zhejiang Med J, 2020, 42(1): 20-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZJYE202001008.htm
[21]	韦晓淋, 华钰洁, 陆艳, 等. 月经初潮年龄对女性成年后近期和远期肥胖的影响[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2019, 40(2): 142-146. WEI X L, HUA Y J, LU Y, et al. Impact of menarche age on the near-term and long-term obesity of adult females[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2019, 40(2): 142-146.
[22]	田璐, 郑涵, 李岩志, 等. 女性月经初潮年龄与肥胖关系的研究[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2021, 42(7): 1231-1234. TIAN L, ZHENG H, LI Y Z, et al. Relationship between age at menarche and obesity in women[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2021, 42(7): 1231-1234.