歧视知觉对易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应影响的追踪研究

赵燕; 张翔

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.022

歧视知觉对易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应影响的追踪研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.022

赵燕¹,
张翔^{1, 2, ,}

1.
兴义民族师范学院教育科学学院，贵州 562400
2.
华中师范大学心理学院暨社会心理研究中心

基金项目:

国家民委民族研究项目 2020-GMD-060

详细信息

作者简介:
赵燕(1978-)，女，河南郸城人，硕士，教授，主要研究方向为发展与教育心理学

通讯作者:
张翔，E-mail：zhangxiangpsy@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B844.1 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-08
- 修回日期: 2021-10-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-25

Effect of perceived discrimination on the psychological adaptation of children relocated to alleviate poverty: a longitudinal study

ZHAO Yan¹,
ZHANG Xiang^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi (562400), Guizhou Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的考察易地扶贫搬迁儿童歧视知觉对心理适应的影响，为改善易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应状况提供实证依据。方法采用歧视知觉问卷、儿童抑郁量表和儿童孤独感量表，对贵州省某地州4所易地扶贫搬迁学校四至八年级学生426名进行3次追踪调查(T1、T2、T3)，并采用交叉滞后模型进行数据分析。结果易地扶贫搬迁儿童抑郁和孤独感在调查时间内有上升趋势(F值分别为18.79，8.69，P值均 < 0.01)，3次调查时间点的歧视知觉与抑郁、孤独感均呈正相关(r=0.23~0.55，P值均 < 0.01)，交叉滞后分析显示，前测(Tn)的歧视知觉可以显著预测后测(Tn+1)的抑郁(β值分别为0.16，0.20，P值均 < 0.01)，T2的歧视知觉可以显著预测T3的孤独感(β=0.25，P < 0.01)。结论歧视知觉是影响易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应的重要因素。应对易地扶贫搬迁儿童开展有针对性的歧视知觉干预，帮助其更好地适应新的生活状态。
- 精神卫生 /
- 适应，心理学 /
- 知觉 /
- 抑郁 /
- 孤独性障碍 /
- 儿童 /
- 贫困
Abstract: Objective A longitudinal study design was used to explore the effect of perceived discrimination on the psychological adaptation of children relocated to alleviate poverty. Methods Four hundred twenty-six children who were relocated to alleviate poverty were measured three times using a perceived discrimination questionnaire, childhood depression inventory, and the Illinois loneliness questionnaire, the data were analyzed using a cross-lag model. Results Depression and loneliness of children relocated to alleviate poverty had an increasing trend during the three surveys(F=18.79, 8.69, P < 0.01). Perceived discrimination was positively correlated with depression and loneliness at the time points for the three surveys(r=0.23~0.55, P < 0.01). Cross-lag analysis showed that perceived discrimination in the pretest (Tn) significantly predicted posttest (Tn+1) depression (β=0.16, 0.20, P < 0.01) and perceived discrimination at time 2 significantly predicted loneliness (β=0.25, P < 0.01) at time 3. Conclusion Perceived discrimination was shown to be an important factor affecting the psychological adaptation of children relocated to alleviate poverty.
- Mental health /
- Adaptation, psychological /
- Perception /
- Depression /
- Autistic disorders /
- Child /
- Poverty
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 易地扶贫搬迁儿童歧视知觉与抑郁的交叉滞后模型

Figure 1. Cross-lag model of the perceived discrimination depression of the children relocated for poverty alleviation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 易地扶贫搬迁儿童歧视知觉与孤独感的交叉滞后模型

Figure 2. Cross-lag model of the perceived discrimination loneliness of the children relocated for poverty alleviation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 易地扶贫搬迁儿童不同施测时间歧视知觉、抑郁和孤独感得分比较(x ±s, n=426)

Table 1. Scores comparison of the perceived discrimination, depression and loneliness of the children relocated for poverty alleviation at different testing time(x ±s, n=426)

施测时间	歧视知觉	抑郁	孤独感
T1	2.40±0.82	1.47±0.29	2.28±0.68
T2	2.37±0.93	1.51±0.33	2.39±0.69
T3	2.44±0.88	1.57±0.35	2.44±0.69
F值	1.10	18.79^**	8.69^**
注：**P < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 易地扶贫搬迁儿童3次调查歧视知觉、抑郁和孤独感的相关系数(r值，n=426)

Table 2. Correlation analysis of the perceived discrimination, depression and loneliness of the children relocated for poverty alleviation in the three suneys(r, n=426)

变量	歧视知觉(T1)	抑郁(T1)	孤独感(T1)	歧视知觉(T2)	抑郁(T2)	孤独感(T2)	歧视知觉(T3)	抑郁(T3)
抑郁(T1)	0.50
孤独感(T1)	0.55	0.58
歧视知觉(T2)	0.43	0.31	0.30
抑郁(T2)	0.32	0.44	0.33	0.47
孤独感(T2)	0.23	0.30	0.37	0.40	0.52
歧视知觉(T3)	0.34	0.35	0.36	0.41	0.28	0.26
抑郁(T3)	0.29	0.40	0.36	0.40	0.50	0.03	0.48
孤独感(T3)	0.27	0.28	0.44	0.35	0.30	0.35	0.52	0.57
注：P值均 < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

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