安徽省学龄前儿童多动行为筛查及影响因素分析

黄永玲; 程进; 吴曙东; 方亮; 谢瑞瑾

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.12.023

安徽省学龄前儿童多动行为筛查及影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.12.023

1.
安徽省妇女儿童保健中心, 合肥 230061
2.
安徽卫生健康职业学院医疗卫生技术系

基金项目: 2019年安徽省两纲卫生健康领域指标研究项目

详细信息

作者简介:
黄永玲(1980-), 女, 安徽六安人, 硕士, 副主任医师, 主要研究方向为儿童早期发展

通讯作者:
程进, E-mail: 30731964@qq.com

中图分类号: R179 R744.94
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- 文章访问数: 725
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-29
- 修回日期: 2021-08-09
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-23
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-25

Screening and associated factors of hyperactivity behavior in preschool children in Anhui Province/

1.
Anhui Provincial Woman and Child Health Care Center, Hefei(230061), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解安徽省学龄前儿童多动行为检出情况及其相关影响因素, 为儿童行为问题早期干预提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法, 于2020年6—7月选取安徽省5个地市30所幼儿园, 使用Conners父母症状量表(PSQ)和相关因素调查表对7 982名3~6岁在园儿童家长进行调查。结果共检出多动行为儿童126名, 检出率为1.6%。男童检出率(2.2%)高于女童(0.8%), 差异有统计学意义(χ²=26.51, P < 0.01)。在126名多动行为儿童中, 40名(31.7%)共患1种行为问题, 82名(65.1%)共患至少2种行为问题。多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 男童(OR=2.85, 95%CI=1.88~4.30)、睡眠时间不足(OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.31~2.68)和母亲职业为农民或其他(OR=1.81, 95%CI=1.11~2.94)的学龄前儿童多动行为检出率较高, 近半年主要抚养人为父母(OR=0.61, 95%CI=0.40~0.92)的儿童多动行为检出率较低(P值均 < 0.05)。结论学龄前儿童行为问题早期干预应重点关注男童, 保持合理睡眠时间, 增加父母代养。
- 注意力缺陷障碍伴多动 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童, 学龄前
Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperactive behavior and risk factors among preschool children, and to provide a reference for early intervention of problem behavior. Methods A total of 7 982 children aged 3-6 were selected from 30 kindergartens by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling in 5 areas, Anhui Province, and their parents were surveyed with Conners Parent Rating Scales(PSQ) and Related factors questionnaire from June to July 2020. Results A tollay of 126 children were detected with hyperactivity behaviors, with a detection rate of 1.6%. The detection rate of boys (2.2%) was higher than that of girls (0.8%). The difference was statistically significant (χ²=26.51, P < 0.01). Among 126 hyperactive children, 40(31.7%)had another type of behavior problem, and 82(65.1%)had two or more additional behavior problems. The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that boy(OR=2.85, 95%CI=1.88-4.30), sleep deprivation(OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.31-2.68), occupation of mother being farmer or otherwise(OR=1.81, 95%CI=1.11-2.94) were associated with more hyperactivity behavior. While, living with parents in the past six months (OR=0.61, 95%CI=0.40-0.92) was associated with less hyperactivity behavior(P < 0.05). Conclusion Early intervention of preschool children's behavior problems should focus on boys, maintain reasonable sleep time and increase parental care.
- Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool

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表 1 学龄前儿童多动行为检出率单因素分析

Table 1. Univariate factor analysis of the prevalence of hyperactive behavior in preschool children

变量	选项	人数	多动人数	χ²值	P值
区县	区	3 926	69(1.8)	1.59	0.21
	县	4 056	57(1.4)
性别	男	4 270	96(2.2)	26.51	< 0.01
	女	3 712	30(0.8)
年龄/岁	3	1 446	21(1.5)	2.87	0.41
	4	2 358	31(1.3)
	5	2 608	43(1.6)
	6	1 570	31(2.0)
独生子女	是	3 186	48(1.5)	0.18	0.67
	否	4 796	78(1.6)
母亲高龄产妇	是	555	7(1.3)	0.39	0.53
(35岁以上)	否	7 427	119(1.6)
家庭人均月收	< 3 000	2 029	29(1.4)	2.31	0.32
入/元	3 000~4 999	2 863	40(1.4)
	≥5 000	3 090	57(1.8)
母亲文化程度	本科以下	6 358	109(1.7)	3.71	0.05
	本科及以上	1 624	17(1.0)
父亲文化程度	本科以下	6 184	105(1.7)	2.52	0.11
	本科及以上	1 798	21(1.2)
母亲职业	机关事业/科教文体工作者	1 809	22(1.2)	6.48	0.04
	商业服务人员/工人/军人	2 750	36(1.3)
	农民/其他	3 423	68(2.0)
父亲职业	机关事业/科教文体	1 813	28(1.5)	1.17	0.56
	商业服务人员/工人/军人	3 599	52(1.4)
	农民/其他	2 570	46(1.8)
近半年主要抚	父母	6 529	94(1.4)	4.45	0.04
养人	非父母	1 453	32(2.2)
近半年与父母	是	6 841	104(1.5)	2.15	0.14
双方居住	否	1 141	22(1.9)
近半年与父母	是	570	11(1.9)	0.49	0.49
一方居住	否	7 412	115(1.6)
近半年与祖辈	是	1 639	22(1.3)	0.74	0.39
居住	否	6 343	104(1.6)
睡眠时间	是	2 352	55(2.3)	12.39	< 0.01
不足	否	5 630	71(1.3)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 学龄前儿童多动行为影响因素多因素Logistic回归分析(n=7 982)

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors of hyperactive behavior in preschool children(n=7 982)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
性别	男	1.05	0.21	24.64	< 0.01	2.85(1.88~4.30)
近半年主要抚养人	父母	-0.49	0.21	5.46	0.02	0.61(0.40~0.92)
睡眠时间不足	是	0.63	0.18	11.82	< 0.01	1.87(1.31~2.68)
母亲职业	商业服务人员/工人/军人	0.02	0.27	0.01	0.93	1.02(0.60~1.75)
	农民/其他	0.59	0.25	5.64	0.02	1.81(1.11~2.94)
注：性别以女性为参照，近半年主要抚养人以非父母为参照，睡眠时间不足以否为参照，母亲职业以机关事业/科教文体工作者为参照。

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