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北京市7~18岁儿童青少年体成分百分位值变化特征

陈曼曼 马莹 苏彬彬 李艳辉 高迪 陈力 马涛 董彦会 马军

陈曼曼, 马莹, 苏彬彬, 李艳辉, 高迪, 陈力, 马涛, 董彦会, 马军. 北京市7~18岁儿童青少年体成分百分位值变化特征[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1703-1707. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.023
引用本文: 陈曼曼, 马莹, 苏彬彬, 李艳辉, 高迪, 陈力, 马涛, 董彦会, 马军. 北京市7~18岁儿童青少年体成分百分位值变化特征[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1703-1707. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.023
CHEN Manman, MA Ying, SU Binbin, LI Yanhui, GAO Di, CHEN Li, MA Tao, DONG Yanhui, MA Jun. Characteristics of percentile value changes in body composition of children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Beijing[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(11): 1703-1707. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.023
Citation: CHEN Manman, MA Ying, SU Binbin, LI Yanhui, GAO Di, CHEN Li, MA Tao, DONG Yanhui, MA Jun. Characteristics of percentile value changes in body composition of children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Beijing[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(11): 1703-1707. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.023

北京市7~18岁儿童青少年体成分百分位值变化特征

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.023
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈曼曼(1995-  ),女,安徽省人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康及影响因素

    通讯作者:

    马军,E-mail:majunt@bjmu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: R179  G804.49  G478

Characteristics of percentile value changes in body composition of children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Beijing

  • 摘要:   目的  分析7~18岁儿童青少年不同性别、年龄体成分百分位值变化趋势特点,为制定百分位参考值提供科学依据。  方法  2020年9—12月采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,共纳入北京市7~18岁儿童青少年1 585人。利用GAMLSS法估计性别、年龄别的体脂率(BF%)、脂肪质量指数(FMI)和瘦体重(FFM)的P25P50P75  结果  在不同年龄组中,营养状况正常的男生体脂率在10岁左右出现峰值,其中10岁儿童青少年体脂率P25P50P75分别为22.2%,26.1%和30.1%,肥胖男生的体脂率均处于较高的水平; 而女生不同营养状况下不同年龄组的体脂率变化不明显。营养状况正常和超重男生中,随着年龄的增加,FMI处于平缓水平; 但在肥胖的男生中,随着年龄的增加,FMI随着百分位的增高变化值逐渐增大,而女生逐渐减少。无论是在男生还是女生中,随着年龄的增加,FFM呈现增长的趋势,且男生增长的速度更快。  结论  在不同营养状况下,不同性别和年龄儿童青少年的体脂率、脂肪质量指数和瘦体重的百分位值存在一定的差异,在一定程度上可为制定儿童青少年体成分百分位参考值提供依据。
  • 表  1  不同营养状况下男生各年龄别体成分百分位值

    Table  1.   Body composition of percentile values by gender and age for children and adolescents under different nutritional status among boys

    营养状态 年龄/岁 BF% FMI/(kg·m-2) FFM/kg
    P25 P50 P75 P25 P50 P75 P25 P50 P75
    正常 7 21.4 24.1 26.8 3.2 3.7 4.3 18.2 19.1 20.2
    8 22.3 25.2 28.3 3.4 4.0 4.7 19.9 21.1 22.4
    9 22.7 26.1 29.6 3.5 4.3 5.1 21.8 23.3 24.9
    10 22.2 26.1 30.1 3.5 4.4 5.3 24.1 26.0 28.0
    11 20.6 24.8 29.2 3.4 4.3 5.3 27.4 29.9 32.6
    12 18.3 22.5 26.8 3.1 4.0 5.0 31.8 34.9 38.3
    13 16.4 20.3 24.4 2.9 3.8 4.8 36.8 40.3 44.0
    14 15.2 18.9 22.7 2.8 3.7 4.6 41.4 45.0 48.9
    15 14.5 18.0 21.7 2.8 3.6 4.6 45.1 48.7 52.6
    16 14.2 17.7 21.3 2.8 3.6 4.6 47.5 51.2 55.0
    17 13.9 17.6 21.5 2.7 3.6 4.6 48.5 52.3 56.4
    18 13.6 18.0 22.5 2.6 3.6 4.8 48.3 52.6 57.2
    超重 7 29.5 32.0 34.3 5.3 5.9 6.4 20.2 21.0 21.8
    8 30.2 32.9 35.4 5.7 6.4 6.9 22.1 23.1 24.1
    9 30.8 33.8 36.6 6.1 6.8 7.5 24.6 26.1 27.5
    10 30.6 34.2 37.5 6.3 7.2 8.0 27.8 29.9 32.0
    11 29.7 34.0 37.7 6.4 7.4 8.3 31.5 34.5 37.4
    12 28.6 33.1 37.0 6.4 7.5 8.5 35.7 39.5 43.3
    13 27.2 31.7 35.5 6.3 7.5 8.5 40.4 44.6 48.9
    14 25.9 30.1 33.8 6.2 7.4 8.4 44.9 49.3 53.7
    15 24.8 28.9 32.4 6.1 7.2 8.3 48.4 52.9 57.5
    16 24.0 28.1 31.6 5.9 7.1 8.1 50.8 55.4 60.0
    17 23.5 27.6 31.2 5.8 7.1 8.1 52.4 56.8 61.3
    18 23.4 27.6 31.2 5.8 7.1 8.2 53.4 57.6 61.8
    肥胖 7 35.4 37.9 40.2 7.1 7.8 8.6 18.8 19.6 20.5
    8 36.9 39.0 41.0 7.9 8.6 9.3 21.0 22.1 23.5
    9 38.2 40.2 42.1 8.7 9.4 10.2 23.7 25.1 26.7
    10 39.0 41.1 43.1 9.2 10.0 10.9 27.1 28.7 30.6
    11 38.6 41.0 43.2 9.4 10.3 11.3 31.1 32.8 34.7
    12 36.9 39.6 42.2 9.4 10.4 11.6 34.9 36.5 38.3
    13 34.7 37.7 40.5 9.2 10.4 11.7 37.8 39.3 41.0
    14 33.4 36.4 39.2 9.3 10.5 11.9 39.3 40.8 42.5
    15 33.3 36.2 39.0 9.5 10.9 12.4 39.8 41.3 43.1
    16 33.7 36.6 39.4 9.9 11.4 13.1 40.1 41.8 43.7
    17 34.5 37.3 39.9 10.4 11.9 13.7 40.5 42.4 44.5
    18 35.5 37.9 40.1 11.1 12.5 14.0 40.8 43.0 45.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同营养状况下女生各年龄别体成分百分位值

    Table  2.   Body composition of percentile values by gender and age for children and adolescents under different nutritional status among girls

    营养状态 年龄/岁 BF% FMI/(kg·m-2) FFM/kg
    P25 P50 P75 P25 P50 P75 P25 P50 P75
    正常 7 24.6 27.5 30.2 3.6 4.2 4.8 16.6 17.6 18.6
    8 24.4 27.7 30.7 3.6 4.3 5.0 18.5 19.8 21.1
    9 24.4 27.9 31.0 3.7 4.5 5.3 20.8 22.4 24.1
    10 24.6 28.0 31.2 3.9 4.7 5.6 23.6 25.5 27.5
    11 24.8 28.2 31.3 4.1 5.0 5.8 26.7 28.7 30.9
    12 25.2 28.5 31.5 4.3 5.2 6.1 29.4 31.5 33.8
    13 25.8 29.0 31.8 4.5 5.4 6.3 31.6 33.9 36.3
    14 26.5 29.4 32.1 4.8 5.7 6.5 33.2 35.6 38.2
    15 27.1 29.9 32.5 5.0 5.9 6.7 34.1 36.6 39.2
    16 27.5 30.3 32.9 5.2 6.0 6.9 34.4 36.9 39.6
    17 27.5 30.5 33.3 5.2 6.1 7.0 34.5 37.0 39.8
    18 27.4 30.5 33.4 5.2 6.1 7.1 34.6 37.2 40.0
    超重 7 30.8 33.8 36.4 5.4 6.0 6.5 18.8 19.6 20.5
    8 31.2 34.5 37.3 5.7 6.4 7.1 21.0 22.1 23.5
    9 31.8 35.1 38.0 6.1 6.9 7.6 23.7 25.1 26.7
    10 32.4 35.4 38.0 6.6 7.3 8.0 27.1 28.7 30.6
    11 33.0 35.6 37.9 7.1 7.7 8.3 31.1 32.8 34.7
    12 33.6 35.8 37.9 7.6 8.2 8.8 34.9 36.5 38.3
    13 33.9 36.1 38.2 8.1 8.7 9.2 37.8 39.3 41.0
    14 34.1 36.4 38.5 8.4 9.0 9.7 39.3 40.8 42.5
    15 34.6 36.9 39.1 8.6 9.4 10.0 39.8 41.3 43.1
    16 34.8 37.2 39.3 8.8 9.5 10.2 40.1 41.8 43.7
    17 34.8 37.0 39.0 8.9 9.6 10.2 40.5 42.4 44.5
    18 34.7 36.6 38.4 8.9 9.5 10.1 40.8 43.0 45.5
    肥胖 7 39.2 41.4 43.4 8.0 8.8 9.6 19.0 20.0 21.0
    8 38.4 41.2 43.6 8.0 8.9 9.9 22.0 23.1 24.4
    9 37.7 40.7 43.3 8.1 9.1 10.1 25.3 26.8 28.5
    10 37.4 40.2 42.7 8.4 9.4 10.5 29.7 31.4 33.4
    11 37.6 40.0 42.2 9.0 10.0 11.1 34.8 36.5 38.4
    12 37.9 40.1 42.1 9.7 10.8 11.9 39.1 40.8 42.7
    13 38.4 40.7 42.7 10.4 11.5 12.8 42.0 44.0 46.1
    14 39.1 41.5 43.6 11.0 12.3 13.7 43.8 46.2 48.8
    15 39.8 42.2 44.4 11.5 12.8 14.2 44.8 47.4 50.3
    16 40.5 42.7 44.7 12.0 13.1 14.4 45.4 47.9 50.6
    17 41.3 43.2 44.9 12.3 13.3 14.4 45.5 47.7 50.0
    18 42.4 43.9 45.3 12.7 13.5 14.4 45.3 47.1 49.0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同性别儿童青少年年龄别体成分百分位值

    Table  3.   Body composition of percentile normal values by gender and age for children and adolescents

    性别 年龄/岁 BF% FMI/(kg·m-2) FFM/kg
    P25 P50 P75 P25 P50 P75 P25 P50 P75
    7 23.6 28.6 34.0 3.6 4.7 6.2 18.7 20.0 21.3
    8 24.5 29.5 34.9 3.9 5.1 6.8 20.7 22.3 24.0
    9 25.0 30.1 35.8 4.1 5.5 7.4 22.8 24.7 26.9
    10 24.6 30.1 36.2 4.1 5.7 7.8 25.3 27.8 30.7
    11 23.2 29.2 35.9 4.0 5.6 7.9 28.9 32.1 35.7
    12 21.0 27.4 34.6 3.7 5.4 7.9 33.5 37.3 41.7
    13 19.0 25.5 32.9 3.5 5.2 7.8 38.6 42.9 47.9
    14 17.7 24.0 31.2 3.4 5.1 7.7 43.3 47.8 53.0
    15 16.8 23.0 30.1 3.3 5.0 7.7 46.9 51.5 56.6
    16 16.1 22.3 29.3 3.2 4.9 7.6 49.0 53.6 58.7
    17 15.4 21.6 28.8 3.0 4.7 7.4 49.8 54.4 59.6
    18 14.4 20.7 28.0 2.8 4.4 7.0 49.4 54.3 59.7
    7 25.7 30.2 34.6 3.8 4.8 6.1 16.9 18.1 19.4
    8 26.0 30.9 35.7 3.9 5.1 6.6 19.1 20.6 22.4
    9 26.3 31.3 36.2 4.2 5.4 7.1 21.5 23.5 25.7
    10 26.6 31.4 36.1 4.4 5.7 7.4 24.5 26.9 29.6
    11 26.8 31.5 36.0 4.6 6.0 7.8 27.8 30.5 33.7
    12 27.2 31.7 36.1 4.8 6.3 8.2 30.7 33.7 37.2
    13 27.9 32.3 36.6 5.1 6.7 8.7 33.1 36.3 40.0
    14 28.6 32.9 37.2 5.4 7.1 9.2 34.8 38.1 42.0
    15 29.1 33.4 37.6 5.7 7.4 9.5 35.6 39.0 43.0
    16 29.1 33.4 37.6 5.7 7.4 9.4 35.7 39.1 43.1
    17 28.5 32.8 36.9 5.6 7.1 9.0 35.5 38.8 42.6
    18 27.4 31.5 35.5 5.2 6.6 8.2 35.3 38.3 41.7
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-04-23
  • 修回日期:  2021-07-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-12-01
  • 刊出日期:  2021-11-25

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