父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联

杨少萌; 岳红; 聂莉莉; 吴若瑶; 刘影; 严超; 姚荣英

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014

父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014

1.
蚌埠医学院公共卫生学院, 安徽 233000
2.
蚌埠市直机关第二幼儿园经开区园

基金项目:

安徽省高等学校人文社会科学研究重大项目 SK2018 ZD015

蚌埠医学院研究生科研创新计划项目 Byycxz20034

蚌埠医学院自然科学类别创新团队项目 BYKC201901

详细信息

作者简介:
杨少萌(1997- ), 女, 安徽省人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿童心理与行为发育

通讯作者:
姚荣英, E-mail: yaorongying@126.com

中图分类号: G78 G478 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-19
- 修回日期: 2021-06-20
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-25

Association between parental self-efficacy consistency and social development of children

1.
School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu (233000), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性的关联, 为促进儿童社会性发展提供参考依据。方法于2019年9—10月, 采用分层整群抽样的方法, 以蚌埠市2所幼儿园3个年级(小、中、大)和2所小学3个年级(一至三)的学生及其父母为研究对象, 共纳入905名儿童及其父母为研究对象。采用"长处和困难问卷"(SDQ)和"父母养育效能评价"量表(PSOC)收集儿童社会性及父母养育效能的资料。采用有序Logistic回归分析父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联。结果儿童情绪、品行行为、多动-注意力不能、同伴交往、困难和亲社会行为的异常率分别为8.95%, 6.30%, 18.01%, 14.03%, 7.40%和5.41%。情绪、多动-注意力不能、品行行为、同伴交往、困难和亲社会行为的异常随父亲/母亲养育效能的升高而降低(P值均＜0.01);父母养育效能一致时, 儿童情绪、多动-注意力不能、品行行为和亲社会行为的异常检出率最低, 母亲养育效能高于父亲养育效能时, 儿童的情绪、多动-注意力不能和亲社会行为异常检出率最高, 父亲养育效能高于母亲养育效能时, 儿童的品行行为和同伴交往异常的检出率最高(Z值分别为6.57, 7.58, 7.25, 7.06, P值均＜0.05)。母亲养育效能高于父亲养育效能的儿童更易出现情绪、品行行为、多动-注意力不能和亲社会行为异常, 父亲养育效能高于母亲养育效能的儿童更易出现品行行为和多动-注意力不能异常(P值均＜0.05)。结论父母养育效能及其一致性与儿童社会性发展相关。建议父母提高养育效能和陪伴质量, 优化家庭关系, 营造和谐氛围。
- 法定监护人 /
- 教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 精神卫生
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between parental self-efficacy consistency with children's social development, and to provide a reference basis for promoting children's social development. Methods During September to October of 2019, cluster sampling method were used to select 905 children and their parents from 2 kindergarten (senior-, mid-and junior-class) and 2 primary schools (grade one to grade three) in Bengbu. Children's social development and parental self-efficacy were assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ) and the parenting sense of competence Scale, respectively. Ordinal Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between parenting efficacy consistency with children's social development. Results Prevalence of emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity-attention inability, peer problems, and abnormal prosocial behtavior was 8.95%, 6.30%, 18.01%, 14.03%, 7.40% and 5.41%, respectively, which were negatively associated with parental self-efficacy(P < 0.01). Consistent parenting sense of competence, children's emotion, hyperactivity-attention inability, moral behavior and prosocial behavior anomaly detection rate lowest, mother parenting self-efficacy were higher than the father, children's enotion, conduct behavior, hyperactivity-attention inability and prosocial behavior anomaly detection rate is highest, when the father parenting self-efficacy was higher than that of mothers, Children's conduct behavior and hyperativity-attention inability had the highest detection rate(Z=6.57, 7.58, 7.25, 7.06, P < 0.05). Children with higher maternal parenting self-efficacy were more likely to develop emotional, conduct behavior, hyperactivity-attention inability and prosocial behavior abnormalities, and children with higher father parenting self-efficacy were more likely to develop conduct behavior and hyperactivity-attention inability (P < 0.05). Conclusion Parental self-efficacy and its consistency are related to child social development.It is suggested that parents should improve the parenting efficiency and the quality of companionship, optimize the family relations, and create a harmonious atmosphere.
- Legal guardians /
- Education /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Mental health

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表 1 不同社会人口学特征、父母养育效能儿童社会性情况比较

Table 1. Comparsion of social demographic characteristics, parental self-efficacy and children's sociality

组别	选项	人数	统计值	情绪	品行行为	多动-注意力不能	同伴交往	困难	亲社会行为
性别	男	476		36(7.56)	31(6.51)	104(21.85)	72(15.13)	42(8.82)	33(6.93)
	女	429		45(10.49)	26(6.06)	59(13.75)	55(12.82)	25(5.83)	16(3.73)
			Z值	7.75	0.39	16.66	2.93	4.97	5.62
			P值	0.02	0.53	< 0.01	0.23	0.03	0.02
是否独生	独生	529		34(6.43)	31(5.86)	98(18.53)	67(12.67)	38(7.18)	30(5.67)
	一孩	205		30(14.63)	12(5.85)	46(22.44)	34(16.59)	17(8.29)	13(6.34)
	二孩或更小	171		17(9.94)	14(8.19)	19(11.11)	26(15.20)	12(7.02)	6(3.51)
			Z值	10.85	2.05	11.93	1.01	2.83	1.07
			P值	< 0.01	0.36	< 0.01	0.32	0.24	0.59
母亲养育效能	高	245		6(2.45)	4(1.63)	10(4.08)	18(7.35)	5(2.04)	2(0.82)
	中	406		22(5.42)	26(6.40)	67(16.50)	53(13.05)	15(3.69)	24(5.91)
	低	254		53(20.87)	27(10.63)	86(33.86)	56(22.05)	47(18.50)	23(9.06)
			Z值	63.52	11.59	103.15	43.69	102.98	31.96
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
父亲养育效能	高	248		7(2.82)	4(1.61)	22(8.87)	23(9.27)	7(2.82)	5(2.02)
	中	406		26(6.40)	24(5.91)	63(15.52)	46(11.33)	18(4.43)	25(6.16)
	低	251		48(19.12)	29(11.55)	78(31.08)	58(23.11)	42(16.73)	19(7.57)
			Z值	50.43	36.10	62.84	37.68	78.55	22.12
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
父母养育效能	一致	259		15(5.79)	7(2.70)	38(14.67)	27(10.42)	10(3.86)	9(3.47)
	母高父低	318		35(11.01)	19(5.97)	64(20.13)	44(13.84)	30(9.43)	26(8.18)
	父高母低	328		31(9.45)	31(9.45)	61(18.60)	56(17.07)	27(8.23)	14(4.27)
			Z值	6.57	7.58	7.25	1.89	5.79	7.06
			P值	0.04	0.02	0.03	0.39	0.06	0.03
注：( )内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 儿童社会性发展的多因素Logistic回归分析[OR值(OR值95%CI)，n=905]

Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of children's social development[OR(OR 95%CI), n=905]

自变量	选项	情绪	品行行为	多动-注意力不能	同伴交往	困难	亲社会行为
性别	女	1.57(1.13~2.17)^**	0.89(0.63~1.27)	0.55(0.41~0.72)^**	0.80(0.61~1.04)	0.68(0.49~0.96)^*	0.64(0.44~0.93)^*
是否独生	一孩	1.88(1.38~2.73)^**	1.00(0.65~1.54)	1.07(0.77~1.50)	1.18(0.85~1.63)	1.25(0.85~1.85)	1.15(0.75~1.78)
	二孩或更小的孩子	1.20(0.78~1.85)	0.91(0.56~1.45)	0.51(0.34~0.77)^**	0.91(0.64~1.30)	0.80(0.51~1.28)	0.86(0.52~1.41)
母亲养育效能	高	0.27(0.15~0.49)^**	0.40(0.21~0.79)^**	0.16(0.09~0.28)^**	0.40(0.25~0.65)^**	0.09(0.04~0.20)^**	0.30(0.15~0.60)^**
	中	0.46(0.30~0.70)^**	0.44(0.44~1.09)^*	0.45(0.31~0.65)^**	0.71(0.50~1.02)	0.45(0.30~0.69)^**	0.49(0.37~0.95)^*
父亲养育效能	高	0.52(0.30~0.92)^*	0.39(0.20~0.74)^**	0.60(0.37~0.99)^**	0.54(0.34~0.87)^**	0.46(0.25~0.85)^**	0.62(0.32~1.18)
	中	0.56(0.36~0.85)^**	0.61(0.38~0.96)^*	0.71(0.49~1.04)	0.66(0.46~0.95)^*	0.50(0.32~0.77)^**	0.79(0.49~1.27)
父母养育效能	母高父低	1.71(1.14~2.61)^*	1.75(1.09~2.80)^**	1.63(1.14~2.33)^**	1.24(0.87~1.70)	1.63(1.02~2.44)^*	1.88(1.17~3.03)^**
	父高母低	1.36(0.89~2.09)	1.86(1.16~2.97)^*	1.44(1.00~2.07)^*	1.22(0.89~1.75)	1.58(1.06~2.53)^*	1.38(0.85~2.26)
注：P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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