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父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联

杨少萌 岳红 聂莉莉 吴若瑶 刘影 严超 姚荣英

杨少萌, 岳红, 聂莉莉, 吴若瑶, 刘影, 严超, 姚荣英. 父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1660-1664. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014
引用本文: 杨少萌, 岳红, 聂莉莉, 吴若瑶, 刘影, 严超, 姚荣英. 父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1660-1664. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014
YANG Shaomeng, YUE Hong, NIE Lili, WU Ruoyao, LIU Ying, YAN Chao, YAO Rongying. Association between parental self-efficacy consistency and social development of children[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(11): 1660-1664. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014
Citation: YANG Shaomeng, YUE Hong, NIE Lili, WU Ruoyao, LIU Ying, YAN Chao, YAO Rongying. Association between parental self-efficacy consistency and social development of children[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(11): 1660-1664. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014

父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.014
基金项目: 

安徽省高等学校人文社会科学研究重大项目 SK2018 ZD015

蚌埠医学院研究生科研创新计划项目 Byycxz20034

蚌埠医学院自然科学类别创新团队项目 BYKC201901

详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨少萌(1997-  ), 女, 安徽省人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿童心理与行为发育

    通讯作者:

    姚荣英, E-mail: yaorongying@126.com

  • 中图分类号: G78  G478  R179

Association between parental self-efficacy consistency and social development of children

  • 摘要:   目的  探究父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性的关联, 为促进儿童社会性发展提供参考依据。  方法  于2019年9—10月, 采用分层整群抽样的方法, 以蚌埠市2所幼儿园3个年级(小、中、大)和2所小学3个年级(一至三)的学生及其父母为研究对象, 共纳入905名儿童及其父母为研究对象。采用"长处和困难问卷"(SDQ)和"父母养育效能评价"量表(PSOC)收集儿童社会性及父母养育效能的资料。采用有序Logistic回归分析父母养育效能一致性与儿童社会性发展的关联。  结果  儿童情绪、品行行为、多动-注意力不能、同伴交往、困难和亲社会行为的异常率分别为8.95%, 6.30%, 18.01%, 14.03%, 7.40%和5.41%。情绪、多动-注意力不能、品行行为、同伴交往、困难和亲社会行为的异常随父亲/母亲养育效能的升高而降低(P值均<0.01);父母养育效能一致时, 儿童情绪、多动-注意力不能、品行行为和亲社会行为的异常检出率最低, 母亲养育效能高于父亲养育效能时, 儿童的情绪、多动-注意力不能和亲社会行为异常检出率最高, 父亲养育效能高于母亲养育效能时, 儿童的品行行为和同伴交往异常的检出率最高(Z值分别为6.57, 7.58, 7.25, 7.06, P值均<0.05)。母亲养育效能高于父亲养育效能的儿童更易出现情绪、品行行为、多动-注意力不能和亲社会行为异常, 父亲养育效能高于母亲养育效能的儿童更易出现品行行为和多动-注意力不能异常(P值均<0.05)。  结论  父母养育效能及其一致性与儿童社会性发展相关。建议父母提高养育效能和陪伴质量, 优化家庭关系, 营造和谐氛围。
  • 表  1  不同社会人口学特征、父母养育效能儿童社会性情况比较

    Table  1.   Comparsion of social demographic characteristics, parental self-efficacy and children's sociality

    组别 选项 人数 统计值 情绪 品行行为 多动-注意力不能 同伴交往 困难 亲社会行为
    性别 476 36(7.56) 31(6.51) 104(21.85) 72(15.13) 42(8.82) 33(6.93)
    429 45(10.49) 26(6.06) 59(13.75) 55(12.82) 25(5.83) 16(3.73)
    Z 7.75 0.39 16.66 2.93 4.97 5.62
    P 0.02 0.53 < 0.01 0.23 0.03 0.02
    是否独生 独生 529 34(6.43) 31(5.86) 98(18.53) 67(12.67) 38(7.18) 30(5.67)
    一孩 205 30(14.63) 12(5.85) 46(22.44) 34(16.59) 17(8.29) 13(6.34)
    二孩或更小 171 17(9.94) 14(8.19) 19(11.11) 26(15.20) 12(7.02) 6(3.51)
    Z 10.85 2.05 11.93 1.01 2.83 1.07
    P < 0.01 0.36 < 0.01 0.32 0.24 0.59
    母亲养育效能 245 6(2.45) 4(1.63) 10(4.08) 18(7.35) 5(2.04) 2(0.82)
    406 22(5.42) 26(6.40) 67(16.50) 53(13.05) 15(3.69) 24(5.91)
    254 53(20.87) 27(10.63) 86(33.86) 56(22.05) 47(18.50) 23(9.06)
    Z 63.52 11.59 103.15 43.69 102.98 31.96
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
    父亲养育效能 248 7(2.82) 4(1.61) 22(8.87) 23(9.27) 7(2.82) 5(2.02)
    406 26(6.40) 24(5.91) 63(15.52) 46(11.33) 18(4.43) 25(6.16)
    251 48(19.12) 29(11.55) 78(31.08) 58(23.11) 42(16.73) 19(7.57)
    Z 50.43 36.10 62.84 37.68 78.55 22.12
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
    父母养育效能 一致 259 15(5.79) 7(2.70) 38(14.67) 27(10.42) 10(3.86) 9(3.47)
    母高父低 318 35(11.01) 19(5.97) 64(20.13) 44(13.84) 30(9.43) 26(8.18)
    父高母低 328 31(9.45) 31(9.45) 61(18.60) 56(17.07) 27(8.23) 14(4.27)
    Z 6.57 7.58 7.25 1.89 5.79 7.06
    P 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.39 0.06 0.03
    注:( )内数字为检出率/%。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  儿童社会性发展的多因素Logistic回归分析[OR值(OR值95%CI),n=905]

    Table  2.   Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of children's social development[OR(OR 95%CI), n=905]

    自变量 选项 情绪 品行行为 多动-注意力不能 同伴交往 困难 亲社会行为
    性别 1.57(1.13~2.17)** 0.89(0.63~1.27) 0.55(0.41~0.72)** 0.80(0.61~1.04) 0.68(0.49~0.96)* 0.64(0.44~0.93)*
    是否独生 一孩 1.88(1.38~2.73)** 1.00(0.65~1.54) 1.07(0.77~1.50) 1.18(0.85~1.63) 1.25(0.85~1.85) 1.15(0.75~1.78)
    二孩或更小的孩子 1.20(0.78~1.85) 0.91(0.56~1.45) 0.51(0.34~0.77)** 0.91(0.64~1.30) 0.80(0.51~1.28) 0.86(0.52~1.41)
    母亲养育效能 0.27(0.15~0.49)** 0.40(0.21~0.79)** 0.16(0.09~0.28)** 0.40(0.25~0.65)** 0.09(0.04~0.20)** 0.30(0.15~0.60)**
    0.46(0.30~0.70)** 0.44(0.44~1.09)* 0.45(0.31~0.65)** 0.71(0.50~1.02) 0.45(0.30~0.69)** 0.49(0.37~0.95)*
    父亲养育效能 0.52(0.30~0.92)* 0.39(0.20~0.74)** 0.60(0.37~0.99)** 0.54(0.34~0.87)** 0.46(0.25~0.85)** 0.62(0.32~1.18)
    0.56(0.36~0.85)** 0.61(0.38~0.96)* 0.71(0.49~1.04) 0.66(0.46~0.95)* 0.50(0.32~0.77)** 0.79(0.49~1.27)
    父母养育效能 母高父低 1.71(1.14~2.61)* 1.75(1.09~2.80)** 1.63(1.14~2.33)** 1.24(0.87~1.70) 1.63(1.02~2.44)* 1.88(1.17~3.03)**
    父高母低 1.36(0.89~2.09) 1.86(1.16~2.97)* 1.44(1.00~2.07)* 1.22(0.89~1.75) 1.58(1.06~2.53)* 1.38(0.85~2.26)
    注:*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-02-19
  • 修回日期:  2021-06-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-12-01
  • 刊出日期:  2021-11-25

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