校园欺凌情境中潜在影响因素研究进展

王芳; 肖少北

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.037

校园欺凌情境中潜在影响因素研究进展

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.037

王芳,
肖少北^,

海南师范大学心理学院, 海口 571158

详细信息

作者简介:
王芳(1995-), 女, 山西长治人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为语言心理学

通讯作者:
肖少北, E-mail: xiaoshb@hainnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: B844.2G444G478
计量
- 文章访问数: 1153
- HTML全文浏览量: 304
- PDF下载量: 115
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-13
- 修回日期: 2021-03-07
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-25

Research progress on potential protective and risk factors in school bullying

WANG Fang,
XIAO Shaobei^,

School of Psychology, Hainan Normal University, Haikou(571158), China

摘要

摘要: 校园欺凌情境中存在着社会支持、旁观者角色选择、道德脱离、民族/种族差异等4类典型的潜在保护性因素和风险因素。青春期阶段的欺凌受害者可以通过获得不同的社会支持维系其自我价值感, 进而改善心理健康水平; 旁观者角色选择需要同时考虑社会信息加工理论的心理因素和评价应对交易模型的情境评价因素; 道德脱离是导致个体欺凌行为的认知扭曲机制; 而民族/种族差异因素对中国校园欺凌的影响较小。未来研究应考虑欺凌与被欺凌频率和强度的影响, 重视多方数据的采集和分析, 将横断研究和纵向研究结果结合解释, 探索构建多重因素对校园欺凌影响的整合模型, 进一步验证和探讨校园欺凌情境中可能存在的因果关系。
- 暴力 /
- 危险因素 /
- 社会支持 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: There are four typical potential protective and risk factors in the context of campus bullying: social support, role choice of bystander, moral disengagement, and ethnic/racial differences. Adolescent victims of bullying can improve their mental health by obtaining different social support to maintain their sense of self-worth. The role selection of bystander should consider both the psychological factors of social information processing theory and the situational evaluation factors of transactional model of appraisal and coping. Moral disengagement is the cognitive distortion mechanism that leads to individual bullying behavior. Ethnic/Racial differences seem to have less impact on bullying in Chinese schools. Future research should consider the influence of frequency and intensity of bullying and being bullied, attach importance to the collection and analysis of multi-party data, interpret the results of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in conjunction, explore the construction of an integrated model of the impact of multiple factors on bullying, and further verify and explore the possible causal relationship in the situation of campus bullying.
- Violence /
- Risk factors /
- Social support /
- Child /
- Adolescent

HTML全文

参考文献(45)

[1]	任海涛. "校园欺凌"的概念界定及其法律责任[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2017, 35(2): 43-50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDXK201702005.htm REN H T. The definition of school bullying and its legal liability[J]. J East China Normal Univer(Educ Sci), 2017, 35(2): 43-50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HDXK201702005.htm
[2]	韦婷婷. 回顾与反思: 国内外校园欺凌研究综述[J]. 现代教育科学, 2018, 35(7): 145-151. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLJK201807026.htm WEI T T. Review and reflection: summary of domestic and foreign studies on bullying at school[J]. Mod Educ Sci, 2018, 35(7): 145-151. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLJK201807026.htm
[3]	刘艳丽, 陆桂芝. 校园欺凌行为中受欺凌者的心理适应与问题行为及干预策略[J]. 教育科学研究, 2017, 28(5): 60-66, 95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JYKY201705011.htm LIU Y L, LU G Z. Psychological adaptation, problem behaviors and intervention strategies of bullying victimization in school bullying[J]. Educ Sci Res, 2017, 28(5): 60-66, 95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JYKY201705011.htm
[4]	茹福霞, 黄鹏. 中学生校园欺凌行为特征及影响因素的研究进展[J]. 南昌大学学报(医学版), 2019, 59(6): 74-78. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXYB201906018.htm RU F X, HUANG P. Research progress in characteristics and influencing factors of bullying among middle school students[J]. J Nanchang Univ(Med Sci), 2019, 59(6): 74-78. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JXYB201906018.htm
[5]	KOCHENDERFER-LADD B. Identification of aggressive and asocial victims and the stability of their peer victimization[J]. Merrill Palmer Quart, 2003, 49(4): 401-425. doi: 10.1353/mpq.2003.0022
[6]	CHAI L, XUE J, HAN Z. School bullying victimization and self-rated health and life satisfaction: the mediating effect of relationships with parents, teachers, and peers[J]. Child Youth Serv Rev, 2020, 117: 105281. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105281
[7]	GUO J, LI M, WANG X, et al. Being bullied and depressive symptoms in Chinese high school students: the role of social support[J]. Psychiat Res, 2020, 284: 112676. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112676
[8]	COHEN S, WILLS T A. Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis[J]. Psychol Bull, 1985, 98(2): 310-357. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
[9]	LI L, CHEN X, LI H. Bullying victimization, school belonging, academic engagement and achievement in adolescents in rural China: a serial mediation model[J]. Child Youth Serv Rev, 2020, 113: 104946. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104946
[10]	HWA-OK B, HYEKYUNG C, CHAEYOUNG L. Bullying experience of racial and ethnic minority youth in South Korea[J]. J Early Adolesc, 2018, 39: 027243161877612.
[11]	YANG J, WANG X, LEI L. Perceived school climate and adolescents' bullying perpetration: a moderated mediation model of moral disengagement and peers' defending[J]. Child Youth Serv Rev, 2020, 109: 104716. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104716
[12]	GUTMAN L M, ECCLES J S. Stage-environment fit during adolescence: trajectories of family relations and adolescent outcomes[J]. Dev Psychol, 2007, 43(2): 522-537. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.2.522
[13]	BANDURA A, BARBARANELLI C, CAPRARA G V, et al. Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency[J]. J Pers Soc Psychol, 1996, 71(2): 364-374. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.71.2.364
[14]	HONG J S, KIM D H, DELARA E W, et al. Parenting style and bullying and victimization: comparing foreign-born Asian, U.S. born Asian, and white American adolescents[J]. J Fam Viol, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10896-020-00176-y.
[15]	ELIOT M, CORNELL D G. Bullying in middle school as a function of insecure attachment and aggressive attitudes[J]. Sch Psychol Int, 2009, 30(2): 201-214. doi: 10.1177/0143034309104148
[16]	CHOI Y, HE M, HARACHI T W. Intergenerational cultural dissonance, parent-child conflict and bonding, and youth problem behaviors among Vietnamese and Cambodian immigrant families[J]. J Youth Adolesc, 2008, 37: 85-96. doi: 10.1007/s10964-007-9217-z
[17]	李孟儒, 肖迪, 彭涛. 欺凌态度、共情和学校生活满意度与旁观者行为反应的相关性[J]. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2020, 28(8): 1257-1263. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JKXL202008031.htm LI M R, XIAO D, PENG T. Research on bystander behavior related to bullying attitude, empathy and life satisfaction in school[J]. Chin J Health Psychol, 2020, 28(8): 1257-1263. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JKXL202008031.htm
[18]	XIE H, NGAI S S Y. Participant roles of peer bystanders in school bullying situations: evidence from Wuhan, China[J]. Child Youth Serv Rev, 2020, 110: 104762. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104762
[19]	JUNGERT T, PERRIN S. Trait anxiety and bystander motivation to defend victims of school bullying[J]. J Adolesc, 2019, 77: 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.10.001
[20]	PéRèS C, CURY F, FAMOSE J P, et al. When anxiety is not always a handicap in physical education and sport: some implications of the defensive pessimism strategy[J]. Eur J Sport Sci, 2002, 2(1): 1-9. http://laboratoire-sens.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/sites/sens/files/Mediatheque/peresetal_ejss02.pdf
[21]	CAPRARA G V, TISAK M S, ALESSANDRI G, et al. The contribution of moral disengagement in mediating individual tendencies toward aggression and violence[J]. Dev Psychol, 2014, 50(1): 71-85. doi: 10.1037/a0034488
[22]	BANDURA A. Social foundation of thought and action: a social cognitive theory[M]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1986.
[23]	BANDURA A. Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities[J]. Pers Soc Psychol Rev, 1999, 3(3): 193-209. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0303_3
[24]	BANDURA A. Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency[J]. J Moral Educ, 2002, 31(2): 101-119. doi: 10.1080/0305724022014322
[25]	WANG X, YANG L, GAO L, et al. Childhood maltreatment and Chinese adolescents' bullying and defending: the mediating role of moral disengagement[J]. Child Abuse Neglect, 2017, 69: 134-144. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.04.016
[26]	CAMPAERT K, NOCENTINI A, MENESINI E. The efficacy of teachers' responses to incidents of bullying and victimization: the mediational role of moral disengagement for bullying[J]. Aggres Behav, 2017, 43(5): 483-492. doi: 10.1002/ab.21706
[27]	BAO Z, ZHANG W, LAI X, et al. Parental attachment and Chinese adolescents' delinquency: the mediating role of moral disengagement[J]. J Adolesc, 2015, 44: 37-47. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.06.002
[28]	FONTAINE R G, FIDA R, PACIELLO M, et al. The mediating role of moral disengagement in the developmental course from peer rejection in adolescence to crime in early adulthood[J]. Psychol Crime Law, 2014, 20(1): 1-19. doi: 10.1080/1068316X.2012.719622
[29]	O'KEEFE M, SELA-AMIT M. An examination of the effects of race/ethnicity and social class on adolescents' exposure to violence[J]. J Soc Serv Res, 1997, 22(3): 53-71. doi: 10.1300/J079v22n03_03
[30]	PEGUERO A A. Victimizing the children of immigrants: latino and asian American student victimization[J]. Youth Soc, 2009, 41(1): 186-208. http://yas.sagepub.com/content/41/2/186.full.pdf?cited-by=yes&legid=spyas;41/2/186&related-urls=yes&legid=spyas;41/2/186&patientinform-links=yes&legid=spyas;41/2/186
[31]	BAR-HAIM Y, ZIV T, LAMY D, et al. Nature and nurture in own-race face processing[J]. Psychol Sci, 2006, 17(2): 159-163. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01679.x
[32]	KELLY D J, QUINN P C, SLATER A M, et al. Three-month-olds, but not newborns, prefer own-race faces[J]. Dev Sci, 2005, 8(6): F31-F36. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.0434a.x
[33]	ABOUD F E. Children and prejudice[M]. New York: B. Blackwell, 1988.
[34]	NESDALE D. The development of prejudice in children//AUG-OUSTINOS M A, REYNOLDS K J. Understanding prejudice, racism, and social conflict. London: Sage Publications Ltd, 2001: 57-72.
[35]	BARON A S, BANAJI M R. The development of implicit attitudes. Evidence of race evaluations from ages 6 and 10 and adulthood[J]. Psychol Sci, 2006, 17(1): 53-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01664.x
[36]	CAMERON J A, ALVAREZ J M, RUBLE D N, et al. Children's lay theories about in-groups and outgroups: reconceptualizing research on prejudice[J]. Pers Soc Psychol Rev, 2001, 5(2): 118-128. doi: 10.1207/S15327957PSPR0502_3
[37]	NESDALE D. Social identity processes and children's ethnic prejudice[M]//BENNETT M, SANI F. The development of the social self. New York: Psychology Press, 2004: 219-245.
[38]	JANSEN P W, MIELOO C L, DOMMISSE-VAN BERKEL A, et al. Bullying and victimization among young elementary school children: the role of child ethnicity and ethnic school composition[J]. Race Soc Probl, 2016, 8(4): 1-10. http://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/1874/344535/1/Bullying.pdf
[39]	WRIGHT J C, GIAMMARINO M, PARAD H W. Social status in small groups: individual-group similarity and the social "misfit"[J]. J Pers Soc Psychol, 1986, 50(3): 523-536. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.3.523
[40]	MORAN S, SMITH P K, THOMPSON D, et al. Ethnic differences in experiences of bullying: asian and white children[J]. Br J Educ Psychol, 1993, 63(3): 431-440. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8279.1993.tb01069.x
[41]	VERVOORT M H M, SCHOLTE R H J, OVERBEEK G. Bullying and victimization among adolescents: the role of ethnicity and ethnic composition of school class[J]. J Youth Adolesc, 2010, 39(1): 1-11. doi: 10.1007/s10964-008-9355-y
[42]	PEGUERO A A, WILLIAMS L M. Racial and ethnic stereotypes and bullying victimization[J]. Youth Soc, 2013, 45(4): 545-564. doi: 10.1177/0044118X11424757
[43]	LEE J, CHEON Y M, WEI X, et al. The role of ethnic socialization, ethnic identity and self-esteem: implications for bi-ethnic adolescents' school adjustment[J]. J Child Fam Stud, 2018, 27(3): 3831-3841.
[44]	BA Z, HAN Z, GONG Z, et al. Ethnic differences in experiences of school bullying in China[J]. Child Youth Serv Rev, 2019, 104: 104402. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104402
[45]	TAJFEL H. Social identity and intergroup relations[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.