北京某高校2016—2020年研究生新生血压和血尿酸变化

侯贵书; 李华; 张彤; 王冬妮

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.026

北京某高校2016—2020年研究生新生血压和血尿酸变化

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.026

北京大学医院体检中心，北京 100871

详细信息

作者简介:
侯贵书(1972-)，女，河南安阳人，硕士，主治医师，主要研究方向为心血管内科及全科医学

中图分类号: G804.49 G647.8 R179 R446
计量
- 文章访问数: 491
- HTML全文浏览量: 246
- PDF下载量: 28
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-02
- 修回日期: 2021-07-29
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-25

Analysis of trends of blood pressure and serum uric acid in college graduates during 2016-2020

Medical Examination Center, Peking University Hospital, Beijing (100871), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析北京大学2016—2020年研究生新生体重、血压和血尿酸的变化，为大学生慢病防控提供参考。方法采用横断面研究，收集北京大学2016—2020年5年应届本科毕业的研究生新生入学体检数据，比较不同年份体质量指数(BMI)、血压和血尿酸水平的差异，以及超重/肥胖、高血压、高尿酸血症检出率的差异。结果男生2016—2020年超重/肥胖、高血压及2018—2020年高尿酸血症检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为52.94，37.63，55.53，P值均＜0.01)，而2016—2019年超重/肥胖、高血压差异无统计学意义(χ²值分别为6.45，1.05，P值均>0.05)。男生超重、肥胖、高血压、高尿酸血症最高检出率均出现在2020年，分别为29.25%，11.37%，12.60%和43.84%。女生2016—2020年高血压和2018—2020年高尿酸血症检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为14.14，14.59，P值均＜0.01)，而2016—2019年高血压差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.34，P>0.05)。2020年女生高血压和高尿酸血症检出率最高，分别为2.35%和13.86%。结论 2020年大学生血压和血尿酸水平升高，高血压、高尿酸血症检出率增高，可能有不良生活方式对青年学生健康的负面影响。
- 体重 /
- 血压 /
- 高尿酸血症 /
- 患病率 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the trends of weight, blood pressure and serum uric acid levels in college graduates during 2016-2020, so as to provide the evidence for chronic diseases prevention and control in university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect the data of physical examination of new graduates of Peking University during 2016-2020. It analyzed the differences in the BMI, blood pressure, serum uric acid, prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension, and hyperuricemia. Results For males, the prevalences of overweight/obesity, hypertension of 2016-2020 and hyperuricemia of 2018-2020 varied significantly (χ²=52.94, 37.63, 55.53, P < 0.01), but not significant difference of overweight/obesity, hypertension among the four groups of 2016-2019 (χ²=6.45, 1.05, P>0.05). The highest prevalences of overweight (29.25%), obesity (11.37%), hypertension (12.60%) and hyperuricemia (43.84%) were observed in the group of 2020. For females, the prevalence of hypertension of 2016-2020 and hyperuricemia of 2018-2020 were significantly different (χ²=14.14, 14.59, P < 0.01), but not significant difference of hypertension of 2016-2019(χ²=0.34, P>0.05). The highest prevalences of hypertension (2.35%) and hyperuricemia (13.86%) were both found in the group of 2020. Conclusion High prevalence of hypertension and hyperuricemia in college graduates of 2020 suggest unhealthy lifestyle probably has adverse impact on health consequences in young adult students.
- Body weight /
- Blood pressure /
- Hyperuricemia /
- Prevalence /
- Students

HTML全文

表 1 不同年份男女生超重肥胖检出率

Table 1. Relevance ratios of overweight and obesity among young adults in different groups by gender

年份	男生			女生
年份	人数	超重人数	肥胖人数	人数	超重人数	肥胖人数
2016	1 457	342(23.47)	108(7.41)	1 475	84(5.69)	9(0.61)
2017	1 317	295(22.40)	114(8.66)	1 442	77(5.34)	12(0.83)
2018	1 557	395(25.37)	116(7.45)	1 553	117(7.53)	20(1.29)
2019	1 479	358(24.21)	107(7.23)	1 376	86(6.25)	14(1.02)
2020	1 460	427(29.25)	166(11.37)	1 234	99(8.02)	12(0.97)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同年份男女生血压水平比较[(x±s)，mm Hg]

Table 2. Comparison of blood pressure among young adults in different groups by gender[(x±s), mm Hg]

年份	男生			女生
年份	人数	收缩压	舒张压	人数	收缩压	舒张压
2016	1 457	122.08±12.47	69.64±8.12	1 475	108.44±10.23	65.72±6.08
2017	1 317	122.35±12.27	69.45±8.52	1 442	109.96±11.19	65.95±7.12
2018	1 557	121.13±12.88	69.19±9.12	1 553	108.90±10.74	65.46±8.09
2019	1 479	121.95±12.27	69.23±8.62	1 376	108.83±10.65	65.79±7.82
2020	1 460	124.77±12.72	70.44±9.13	1 234	112.47±11.46	67.01±8.51
F值		17.79	4.99		29.64	8.22
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01		< 0.01	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同年份男、女学生高血压检出率比较

Table 3. Comparison of relevance ratio of hypertension among young adults in different groups by gender

年份	男生		女生
年份	人数	高血压人数	人数	高血压人数
2016	1 457	113(7.76)	1 475	14(0.95)
2017	1 317	105(7.97)	1 442	15(1.04)
2018	1 557	121(7.77)	1 553	18(1.16)
2019	1 479	104(7.03)	1 376	14(1.02)
2020	1 460	184(12.60)	1 234	29(2.35)
χ²值		37.63		14.14
P值		< 0.01		< 0.01
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(12)

[1]	马军, 蔡赐河, 王海俊, 等. 1985—2010年中国学生超重与肥胖流行趋势[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2012, 46(9): 776-780. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2012.09.002 MA J, CAI C H, WANG H J, et al. The trend analysis of overweight and obesity in Chinese students during 1985-2010[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2012, 46(9): 776-780. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2012.09.002
[2]	郎俊杰, 金来润, 刘凌, 等. 中国大学生高血压患病率的Meta分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(8): 1220-1223. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201808034.htm LANG J J, JIN L R, LIU L, et al. Prevalence of hypertension among Chinese college students: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2018, 39(8): 1220-1223. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201808034.htm
[3]	张敏. 大学生高尿酸血症检出情况及其与肥胖的关系[J]. 中国校医, 2019, 33(12): 897-898. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201912008.htm ZHANG M. Incidence of hyperuricemia in college students and its relationship with obesity[J]. Chin J School Doctor, 2019, 33(12): 897-898. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI201912008.htm
[4]	《中华健康管理学杂志》编辑委员会, 中华医学会健康管理学分会. 健康体检质量控制指南[J]. 中华健康管理学杂志, 2016, 10(4): 258-264. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-0815.2016.04.003 Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Health Management, The Society of Health Management, Chinese Medical Association. Guidelines on quality control of health checkup[J]. Chin J Health Manage, 2016, 10(4): 258-264. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-0815.2016.04.003
[5]	中华医学会内分泌学分会肥胖学组. 中国成人肥胖症防治专家共识[J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志, 2011, 27(9): 711-717. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-6699.2011.09.003 Group of Obesity, Chinese Society of Endocrinology. Consensus statement on prevention and treatment of adult obesity in China[J]. Chin J Endocrinol Metabolism, 2011, 27(9): 711-717. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-6699.2011.09.003
[6]	中国高血压防治指南修订委员会. 中国高血压防治指南(2018年修订版)[J]. 中国心血管杂志, 2019, 24(1): 24-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5410.2019.01.002 Writing Group of 2018 Chinese Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension. 2018 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension[J]. Chin J Cardiovasc Med, 2019, 24(1): 24-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5410.2019.01.002
[7]	中国医师协会肾脏内科医师分会. 中国肾脏疾病高尿酸血症诊治的实践指南(2017版)[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2017, 97(25): 1927-1936. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.25.003 Chinese Nephrologist Association. Practice guidelines for the management of hyperuricemic nephropathy in China (2017 edition)[J]. National Med J Chin, 2017, 97(25): 1927-1936. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.25.003
[8]	HASLAM D W, JAMES W P. Obesity[J]. Lancet, 2005, 366(94 92): 1197-1209.
[9]	MALLAT S G, AL KATTAR S, TANIOS B Y, et al. Hyperuricemia, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease: an emerging association[J]. Curr Hypertens Rep, 2016, 18(10): 74-79. doi: 10.1007/s11906-016-0684-z
[10]	ZHANG S, WANG Y, CHENG J, et al. Hyperuricemia and cardiovascular disease[J]. Curr Pharm Des, 2019, 25(6): 700-709. doi: 10.2174/1381612825666190408122557
[11]	WANG Z, CHEN Z, ZHANG L, et al. Status of Hypertension in China: results from the China hypertension survey, 2012-2015[J]. Circulation, 2018, 137(22): 2344-2356. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380
[12]	孟煜, 刘念琪, 朱孟琴, 等. 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控常态化时期大学生心理健康状况调查[J]. 第二军医大学学报, 2020, 41(9): 958-965. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DEJD202009006.htm MENG Y, LIU N Q, ZHU M Q, et al. Mental health status of college students under regular prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic[J]. Acad J Second Mil Med Univ, 2020, 41(9): 958-965. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DEJD202009006.htm