高校大学生手机成瘾变化趋势与不良心理问题的关联

乔瑞红; 苗秋香

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.017

高校大学生手机成瘾变化趋势与不良心理问题的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.017

河南医学高等专科学校思政部, 郑州 451191

详细信息

作者简介:
乔瑞红(1978-), 女, 河南濮阳人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为青少年健康教育

中图分类号: G647.9G4444B844.2
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- 文章访问数: 727
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-03
- 修回日期: 2021-07-24
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-25

An analysis of the correlation between the changing trends of mobile phone addiction and unhealthy psychological problems of college students/

Department of Ideology and Politics, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou(451191), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解高校大学生不同手机成瘾变化趋势与抑郁、焦虑等不良心理问题之间的关联，为大学生心理健康干预和预防手机成瘾提供参考。方法 2018—2019年对河南2所高校的1 824名2018级大学生进行手机成瘾、抑郁、焦虑状况5次随访调查，了解大学生手机成瘾的变化轨迹及其与抑郁焦虑之间的关联。结果第5次调查中，高校大学生手机成瘾平均得分为(43.19±5.51)分，焦虑检出率为34.21%，抑郁检出率为40.73%。在城乡、不同班级排名、睡眠时间方面，大学生手机成瘾状况得分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.65，3.79，3.82，P值均＜0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，与手机成瘾变化趋势平稳组学生相比，高成瘾-升高组(OR=3.21，95%CI=2.33~4.41)、低成瘾-急速升高组(OR=8.39，95%CI=5.08~13.78)发生焦虑的风险较高(P值均＜0.01)；高成瘾-升高组(OR=3.31，95%CI=2.39~4.51)、低成瘾-急速升高组(OR=4.51，95%CI=2.81~7.15)发生抑郁的风险较高(P值均＜0.01)。结论高校应关注大学生手机成瘾问题，尤其手机成瘾问题集聚上高的学生应重点关注，以有效降低大学生的抑郁和焦虑等负面心理问题。
- 行为, 成瘾 /
- 便携式电话 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the relationship between college students with different mobile phone addiction trends and adverse psychological problems such as depression and anxiety, so as to provide references for college students' mental health intervention and prevention of mobile phone addiction. Methods From 2018 to 2019, 1 824 college students from two universities in Henan were investigated for 5 follow-up surveys of mobile phone addiction, depression, and anxiety, to understand the change trajectory of college students' mobile phone addiction and its relationship with depression and anxiety. Results The average score of mobile phone addiction among college students was (43.19±5.51) points, the detection rate of anxiety was 34.21%, and the detection rate of depression was 40.73%. In different urban and rural areas, class rankings, and sleep time, the differences in the scores of mobile phone addiction among college students were statistically significant (F=3.65, 3.79, 3.82, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with students in the mobile phone addiction group with a stable change trend, the high addiction-increased group (OR=3.21, 95%CI=2.33-4.41) and the low addiction-rapidly increased group (OR=8.39, 95%CI=5.08-13.78) had a higher risk of anxiety (P < 0.01), the high addiction-increased group (OR=3.31, 95%CI=2.39-4.51), the low addiction-rapidly increased group (OR=4.51, 95%CI=2.81-7.15) had a higher risk of depression (P < 0.01). Conclusion Colleges and universities should pay attention to the problem of mobile phone addiction among college students, especially those with a high concentration of mobile phone addiction, so as to effectively reduce the negative psychological problems of college students such as depression and anxiety.
- Behavior, addictive /
- Cellular phone /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

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表 1 不同组别高校大学生第5次调查时手机成瘾得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of mobile phone addiction scores among different groups of college students in the fifth survey (x±s)

组别	项目	人数	手机成瘾	t/F值
性别	男	712	43.12±5.52	-0.49
	女	1 112	43.25±5.51
城乡	城市	575	44.56±6.82	3.65^*
	城郊	582	43.52±6.62
	农村	667	44.52±6.81
专业	文科类	621	44.56±6.85	0.76
	理科类	611	44.12±6.72
	医学类	592	43.95±6.71
是否独生子女	独生	859	44.25±6.71	0.44
	非独生	965	44.11±6.82
父亲学历	小学及以下	142	44.62±6.83	0.92
	初中	401	43.71±6.89
	高中	687	44.26±6.85
	大专及以上	594	44.41±6.71
母亲学历	小学及以下	290	43.91±6.83	0.38
	初中	697	44.25±8.74
	高中	549	44.26±6.61
	大专及以上	288	44.58±6.62
班级排名	较差	481	44.61±5.36	3.79^*
	一般	668	43.62±5.51
	较好	675	43.91±5.56
睡眠时间/(h·d^-1)	≤6	349	44.12±5.53	3.82^*
	＞6~＜8	597	44.56±5.76
	≥8	878	43.62±5.82
注：*P＜0.05。

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表 2 不同组别高校大学生第5次焦虑和抑郁检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of detection rates of anxiety and depression among different groups of college students in the fifth survey

组别	选项	人数	焦虑		抑郁
组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	检出人数	χ²值
性别	男	712	227(31.88)	2.81	264(37.08)	6.47^*
	女	1 112	397(35.70)		479(43.08)
专业	文科类	621	218(35.10)	1.10	274(44.12)	5.19
	理科类	611	199(32.57)		231(37.81)
	医学类	592	207(34.97)		238(40.20)
城乡	城市	575	183(31.83)	3.71	227(39.48)	2.96
	城郊	582	195(33.51)		227(39.00)
	农村	667	246(36.88)		289(43.33)
是否独生子女	独生	859	304(35.39)	1.00	375(43.66)	5.74^*
	非独生	965	320(33.16)		368(38.13)
父亲学历	小学及以下	142	42(29.58)	3.27	59(41.55)	0.50
	初中	401	134(33.42)		160(39.90)
	高中	687	230(33.48)		276(40.17)
	大专及以上	594	218(36.70)		248(41.75)
母亲学历	小学及以下	290	90(31.03)	6.04	114(39.31)	3.39
	初中	697	224(32.14)		269(38.59)
	高中	549	199(36.25)		235(42.81)
	大专及以上	288	111(38.54)		125(43.40)
睡眠时间/	≤6	349	139(39.83)	31.03^*	150(42.98)	6.54^*
(h·d^-1)	＞6~＜8	597	241(40.37)		262(43.89)
	≥8	878	244(27.79)		331(37.70)
班级排名	较差	481	198(41.16)	14.08^*	217(45.11)	6.33^*
	一般	668	210(31.44)		252(37.72)
	较好	675	216(32.00)		274(40.59)
注：()内数字为检出率/%；*P < 0.05。

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表 3 高校大学生手机成瘾评分变化趋势与焦虑和抑郁的Logistic回归分析(n=1 824)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of the change trend of different mobile phone addiction scores and anxiety and depression of college students (n=1 824)

因变量	自变量	模型1		模型2
因变量	自变量	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
焦虑	平稳组	1.00		1.00
	高成瘾-下降组	1.17(0.85~1.58)	0.31	1.21(0.88~1.64)	0.23
	中成瘾-升高组	1.23(0.86~1.71)	0.23	1.25(0.87~1.74)	0.21
	高成瘾-升高组	3.11(2.25~4.23)	＜0.01	3.21(2.33~4.41)	＜0.01
	低成瘾-急速升高组	8.17(5.03~13.26)	＜0.01	8.39(5.08~13.78)	＜0.01
抑郁	平稳组	1.00		1.00
	高成瘾-下降组	1.15(0.85~1.57)	0.35	1.15(0.87~1.53)	0.35
	中成瘾-升高组	1.26(0.93~1.67)	0.17	1.26(0.91~1.68)	0.18
	高成瘾-升高组	3.21(2.32~4.36)	＜0.01	3.31(2.39~4.51)	＜0.01
	低成瘾-急速升高组	4.55(2.87~7.17)	＜0.01	4.51(2.81~7.15)	＜0.01
注：模型1不控制任何变量，模型2对性别、专业、城乡、是否独生子女、父母学历等进行控制。

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