Effects of high-intensity interval training on fat loss in overweight and obese female college students: a Meta-analysis
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摘要:
目的 系统评价高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training，HIIT)对超重肥胖女大学生体重、身体成分的干预效果，以期为超重肥胖大学生选择HIIT方法提供理论依据。 方法 计算机检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、CNKI、CBM、VIP、WanFang Data数据库中有关HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生体重、身体成分的随机对照试验，检索期年限从各数据库收录起始年限至2020年12月14日，根据纳入和排除标准进行文献筛选，并对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价、Meta分析及发表偏倚检验。 结果 共纳入20个随机对照试验，中等质量研究14篇。Meta分析结果显示，HIIT能显著减轻超重肥胖女大学生体重(MD=-4.22，95%CI=-7.20~-1.25，P＜0.01)；改善体脂率(MD=-5.31，95%CI=-6.88~-3.73，P＜0.01)、体质量指数(BMI)(MD=-2.11，95%CI=-2.65~-1.56，P＜0.01)、全身脂肪量(MD=-3.66，95%CI=-4.89~-2.43，P＜0.01)、腹部脂肪量(MD=-0.31，95%CI=-0.47~-0.15，P＜0.01)、躯干脂肪量(MD=-2.15，95%CI=-2.86~-1.44，P＜0.01)，对瘦体重(MD=0.42，95%CI=-0.94~1.78，P=0.55)影响无统计学意义。 结论 HIIT能显著减轻超重和肥胖女大学生的体重，改善其身体成分，可为超重和肥胖女大学生进行长期的HIIT提供可靠依据。 Abstract:Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body weight and body composition of overweight and obese female college students. In order to provide a theoretical basis for choosing HIIT method. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published till December 14, 2020 were searched in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Databases. Literature screening was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, methodological quality evaluation, Meta-analysis and publication bias test were conducted on the included literature. Results There were 20 RCTs among which 14 studies graded as moderate quality. Meta-analysis showed that HIIT could significantly reduce the weight of overweight and obese female college students (MD=-4.22, 95%CI=-7.20--1.25, P < 0.01). Improved body fat rate (MD=-5.31, 95%CI=-6.88--3.73, P < 0.01), BMI (MD=-2.11, 95%CI=-2.65--1.56, P < 0.01), total body fat (MD=-3.66, 95%CI=-4.89--2.43, P < 0.01), abdominal fat (MD=-0.31, 95%CI=-0.47--0.15, P < 0.01), trunk fat (MD=-2.15, 95%CI=-2.86--1.44, P < 0.01) were observed. There was no significant effect on lean body weight (MD=0.42, 95%CI=-0.94-1.78, P=0.55). Conclusion HIIT can significantly reduce the weight and improve body composition in overweight and obese female college students. It can provide a reliable basis for long-term HIIT in overweight and obese female college students. -
Key words:
- Physical education and training /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Meta-analysis /
- Students /
- Female
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图 2 HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生体重的Meta分析
Figure 2. Meta-analysis of HIIT on the body weight of overweight and obse female college students
图 3 HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生体脂率的Meta分析
Figure 3. Meta-analysis of HIIT on the body fat rate of overweight and obese female college students
图 4 HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生BMI的Meta分析
Figure 4. Meta-analysis of HIIT on the BMI of overweight and obese female college students
图 5 HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生全身脂肪量的Meta分析
Figure 5. Meta-analysis of HIIT on the body fat mass of overweight and obese female college students
图 6 HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生腹部脂肪量的Meta分析
Figure 6. Meta-analysis of HIIT on the abdominal fat mass of overweight and obese female college students
图 7 HIIT对超重肥胖女大学生躯干脂肪量的Meta分析
Figure 7. Meta-analysis of HIIT on the trunk fat mass of overweight and obese female college students
表 1 纳入研究的基本特征
Table 1. General characteristics of the included studies
第一作者及年份 国籍 样本量(试验组/对照组) 年龄(试验组/对照组)/岁 营养状况 运动形式 运动-间歇-组数 频率/(次·周-1) 周期/周 对照组 结局指标 彭小红2020[14] 中国 17/18 23.41/23.39 超重 跑步 85%~95% HRmax运动4 min，间歇50%~60% HRmax运动3 min，4组 3 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3, 齐玉刚2013[15] 中国 20/20 - 肥胖 跑步 85%VO2max中途跑3 min, 间歇2 min, 4组25 min 5 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3, 韩涵2014[16] 中国 16/13 21.31/21.07 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2max, 4 min，间歇休息至RPE下降到13，继续下一组 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 林坚2016[17] 中国 18/18 20.1/20.3 肥胖 运动平板 90% HRmax运动4 min, 70% HRmax运动3min，4组 2 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 周广仁2020[18] 中国 24/20 18.5/18.9 肥胖 徒手和器械训练 80%~90% HRmax运动3 min, 50%~60% HRmax 2 min, 1 min间歇, 重复22~30 min 2 17 健康教育 1, 3 曾帅2012[19] 中国 16/13 21.3/21.1 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2max运动4 min, 间歇4 min 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3 曹文玲2016[20] 中国 14/9 20.3/19.7 肥胖 功率自行车 120%VO2max运动1 min, 间歇1.5 min, 当RPE下降到13, 再进行运动4 min 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3 曹文玲2016[20] 中国 14/9 20.0/19.7 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2max运动4 min, 间歇1.5 min, 当RPE下降到13, 再进行运动4 min 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3 曹文玲2016[20] 中国 14/9 21.2/19.7 肥胖 功率自行车 初始负荷0.5 kg, 逐次递增, 共6次, 全力冲刺6 s间歇9 s为1组，40组 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3 郑子威2018[21] 中国 12/13 19.7/21.2 肥胖 功率自行车 120%VO2max运动1 min, 间歇1.5 min, 重复直到完成200 kJ机械功 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 郑子威2018[21] 中国 12/13 19.7/21.2 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2max运动4 min, 间歇休息至RPE下降到13, 重复直到完成200 kJ机械功 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 郑子威2018[21] 中国 11/13 20.9/21.2 肥胖 功率自行车 全力冲刺踏车6 s后间歇9 s，初始负荷1 kg, 逐渐增加, 40组, 运动时间4 min 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 张立萌2020[22] 中国 10/10 20.60±0.91 超重 功率自行车 前3周, 90%VO2max运动1 min, 间歇1 min, 15组；后3周, 90%VO2max 3 min, 25%VO2max 2 min, 6组 3 6 不做干预 1, 3 张旭2014[23] 中国 16/10 21.44/21.00 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2peak运动4 min, 间歇不运动, 当RPE下降到13, 再运动4 min, 前2周克服200 kJ, 后10周克服300 kJ 3-4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 张旭2014[23] 中国 16/10 21.31/21.00 肥胖 功率自行车 初始负荷0.5 kg, 全力冲刺6 s间歇9 s为1组, 80组 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 Tong2018[24] 中国 16/14 21.3/20.7 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2max运动4 min, 间歇3 min, 前2周, 工作量200 kJ，后逐渐增加至400 kJ 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 Tong2018[24] 中国 16/14 21.3/20.7 肥胖 功率自行车 全力冲刺踏车6 s后间歇9 s，80组 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 Pour-Abdi2013[25] 伊朗 16/10 19~23 肥胖 跑步 75%HRR运动4 min 30 s, 积极性休息3 min, 4组 3 6 不做干预 1, 2, 3, 5 Zhang2017[26] 中国 15/13 18~22 肥胖 功率自行车 90%VO2max运动4 min，间歇3 min, 完成目标300 kJ 3~4 12 不做干预 1, 2, 4, 7 Sijie2012[27] 中国 17/19 19.8/19.5 超重 跑步 85%VO2max运动3 min, 间歇50%VO2max 3 min, 5组 5 12 不做干预 1, 2, 3, 注：1表示体重；2表示体脂率；3表示体质量指数(BMI)；4表示全身脂肪量；5表示瘦体重；6表示腹部脂肪量；7表示躯干脂肪量；RPE表示主观体力感觉评分；HRmax表示最大心率；VO2peak表示峰值摄氧量；VO2max表示最大摄氧量。 
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