重庆市某城区角色转换期大孩情绪行为问题与家庭关系

席璇; 刘琴; 李月月; 盛露露; 方波; 吴文懿; 周源柯; 张琴

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.005

重庆市某城区角色转换期大孩情绪行为问题与家庭关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.005

重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院/医学与社会发展研究中心/健康领域社会风险预测治理协同创新中心，重庆 400016

基金项目:

重庆市教委科学技术研究项目 KJQN201800425

详细信息

作者简介:
席璇(1996-)，女，陕西西安人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为妇幼与儿童少年卫生

通讯作者:
刘琴，E-mail: liuqin81622@163.com

中图分类号: G78 R179 B844.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-27
- 修回日期: 2021-04-26
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-25

A study on emotional behavioral problems and family relations of firstborn children from Chongqing during the role transition period

School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development Chongqing, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing(400016), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨重庆市某城区角色转换期大孩情绪行为问题与家庭关系之间的关联，为营造良好的家庭关系、减少儿童情绪行为问题的发生提供科学依据。方法在重庆市2所三甲医院产科门诊招募1 359名角色转换期大孩的母亲，采用自编问卷和父母版儿童行为量表(CBCL)对知情同意的儿童母亲进行问卷调查，分析家庭关系与不同年龄段大孩情绪行为问题之间的关系，采用SPSS 20统计软件进行描述性统计分析、χ²检验和多重线性回归分析。结果大部分大孩的父母关系(56.6%)、母子关系(80.4%)、父子关系(64.9%)为很好，61.7%的家庭氛围比较和谐；1.5~5和6~13岁组大孩CBCL量表得分分别为(18.22±13.63)和(24.20±17.52)分，情绪行为整体问题检出率分别为10.7%和10.5%；多重线性回归结果显示，1.5~5和6~13岁组父母关系很好、母子关系很好、父子关系很好、家庭氛围很和谐的大孩有更少的内化、外化和整体行为问题(P值均＜0.05)。结论角色转换期大孩情绪行为问题检出率处于较低水平，良好的父母关系、亲子关系以及家庭氛围是角色转换期大孩情绪行为问题的保护因素。
- 情绪 /
- 行为 /
- 家庭 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 儿童 /
- 回归分析
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the emotional and behavioral problems and family relations of firstborn children from an urban area of Chongqing during the role transition period, to provide a scientific basis for creating a good family relationship and to reduce the occurrence of children's emotional behavior problems. Methods Totally 1 359 mothers of children in the role transition period were recruited from obstetric clinics at two Grade A hospitals in Chongqing, and mothers with informed consent using self-designed questionnaire and parental version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). It was analyzed the association between family relationships and the emotional/behavioral problems of firstborn children of different ages. SPSS statistical software (version 20) was used for the descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results The parental relationship (56.6%), mother-child relationship (80.4%) and father-child relationship (64.9%) of most firstborn children was good, and 61.7% of families enjoyed a harmonious atmosphere. For the age groups 1.5-5 years and 6-13 years, the respective CBCL total scores were (18.22±13.63) and (24.20±17.52), and the detection rates were 10.7% and 10.5%, respectively. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that, for both age groups, firstborn children who had good parental relationships, good mother-child relationships, good father-child relationships, and a harmonious family atmosphere exhibited fewer internalizing, externalizing and overall emotional behavior problems (P < 0.05). Conclusion The total detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems among firstborn children in the role transition period, which is low. Good parental relationships, good parent-child relationships, and a harmonious family atmosphere are protective factors against emotional and behavioral disorders in firstborn children during the role transition period.
- Emotions /
- Behavior /
- Family /
- Mental health /
- Child /
- Regression analysis

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表 1 不同年龄段大孩家庭关系分布比较

Table 1. Comparison of family relations among firstborn children of different age groups

年龄/岁	选项	父母关系	母亲-大孩关系	父亲-大孩关系	家庭氛围
1.5~5 (n=882)	很好	500(56.7)	733(83.1)	585(66.3)	286(32.4)
	比较好	319(36.2)	144(16.3)	240(27.2)	527(59.8)
	一般	63(7.1)	5(0.6)	57(6.5)	69(7.8)
6~13 (n=477)	很好	269(56.4)	360(75.5)	297(62.3)	127(26.6)
	比较好	165(34.6)	103(21.6)	149(31.2)	312(65.4)
	一般	43(9.0)	14(2.9)	31(6.5)	38(8.0)
χ²值		1.61	19.39	2.54	5.04
P值		0.45	0.00	0.28	0.08
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 不同性别1.5~5岁儿童CBCL条目阳性检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of positive rates of CBCL items in children aged 1.5 to 5 years of different genders

性别	人数	情绪行为因子							情绪行为问题		合计
性别	人数	情绪反应性	睡眠问题	躯体主诉	焦虑抑郁	注意力问题	退缩	攻击性行为	内化问题	外化问题	合计
男	398	13(3.3)	20(5.0)	14(3.5)	14(3.5)	21(5.3)	17(4.3)	19(4.8)	40(10.1)	14(3.5)	42(10.6)
女	484	19(3.9)	22(4.5)	24(5.0)	16(3.3)	19(3.9)	20(4.1)	14(2.9)	54(11.2)	13(2.7)	52(10.7)
χ²值		0.27	0.11	1.10	0.03	0.92	0.01	2.15	0.28	0.51	0.01
P值		0.60	0.74	0.29	0.86	0.34	0.92	0.14	0.60	0.48	0.93
注： ()内数字为检出率/%；情绪行为因子检出限为P₉₇，情绪行为问题检出限为P₉₀。

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表 3 不同性别6~13岁儿童CBCL条目阳性检出率比较

Table 3. Comparison of positive rates of CBCL items in children aged 6 to 13 years of different genders

性别	人数	情绪行为因子									情绪行为问题		合计
性别	人数	情绪反应性	躯体主诉	注意力问题	退缩	攻击性行为	社会化问题	思想问题	违规行为	其他问题	内化问题	外化问题	合计
男	231	6(2.6)	7(3.0)	15(6.5)	12(5.2)	15(6.5)	13(5.6)	9(3.9)	21(9.1)	21(9.1)	19(8.2)	36(15.6)	30(13.0)
女	246	10(4.1)	13(5.3)	5(2.0)	15(6.1)	6(2.4)	9(3.7)	8(3.3)	5(2.0)	7(2.8)	28(11.4)	17(6.9)	20(8.1)
χ²值		0.79	1.51	5.90	0.18	4.65	1.05	0.14	11.52	8.41	1.34	9.01	3.00
P值		0.37	0.22	0.02	0.67	0.03	0.31	0.71	0.00	0.00	0.25	0.00	0.08
注： ()内数字为检出率/%；情绪行为因子检出限为P₉₇，情绪行为问题检出限为P₉₀。

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表 4 不同年龄段大孩情绪行为问题得分的多重线性回归分析[B值(B值95%CI)]

Table 4. Multiple linear regression analysis of scores of emotional and behavioral problems in firstborn children of different ages[B(95%CI)]

年龄/岁	自变量	内化问题	外化问题	整体问题
1.5~5	父母关系很好	-1.06(-1.90~-0.23)^*	-1.27(-2.15~-0.38)^**	-2.60(-4.42~-0.78)^**
	母子关系很好	-1.86(-2.95~-0.76)^**	-1.76(-2.92~-0.60)^**	-3.93(-6.31~-1.54)^**
	父子关系很好	-2.25(-3.11~-1.39)^**	-2.50(-3.41~-1.59)^**	-5.44(-7.32~-3.57)^**
	家庭氛围很和谐	-2.08(-2.96~-1.20)^**	-2.35(-3.28~-1.42)^**	-5.05(-6.96~-3.14)^**
6~13	父母关系很好	-0.94(-1.71~-0.18)^*	-1.28(-2.48~-0.09)^*	-3.72(-6.75~-0.69)^*
	母子关系很好	-1.48(-2.37~-0.60)^**	-2.66(-4.03~-1.29)^**	-6.39(-9.89~-2.89)^**
	父子关系很好	-1.16(-1.93~-0.39)^**	-1.61(-2.82~-0.41)^**	-5.29(-8.34~-2.24)^**
	家庭氛围很和谐	-1.39(-2.26~-0.53)^**	-2.18(-3.52~-0.84)^**	-5.98(-9.40~-2.57)^**
注：关系及家庭氛围“一般”组合并至“比较好”组；父母关系、母子关系、父子关系均以“比较好”为参照组，家庭氛围以“比较和谐”为参照组；性别、年龄、家庭经济压力、大孩气质类型为控制变量；P＜0.05，*P＜0.01。

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