深圳市学龄儿童家长零食知识态度行为现况

谢凤珠; 熊静帆; 刘鑫

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.012

深圳市学龄儿童家长零食知识态度行为现况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.012

广东省深圳市慢性病防治中心，518020

详细信息

作者简介:
谢凤珠(1980-), 女, 广东深圳人, 硕士, 主管医师, 主要研究方向为慢性非传染性疾病

通讯作者:
熊静帆, E-mail: 357624757@qq.com

中图分类号: G 78 R 179 R 153.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-07
- 修回日期: 2021-07-29
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-24
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-24

Knowledge, attitude and behavior among parents of school-aged children towards snack in Shenzhen

Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen(518020), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解深圳市学龄儿童家长对零食营养的认知、态度以及购买零食行为，为制定有针对性的干预方案、培养儿童健康的饮食行为提供数据支持和科学依据。方法 2018年6月，采用整群随机抽样方法，对深圳市116所小学二年级4 517名学生家长进行问卷调查。结果被调查家长的零食认知水平高低不一。超过90%的家长会担心零食的卫生安全问题并知道长期进食可导致儿童厌食偏食，仅有21.18%的家长会经常引导儿童进食零食。儿童群体的零食多由父母购买，以奶及奶制品、蔬菜水果类和面包蛋糕类为主，且在购买时更为注重营养、卫生和口味。此外，80.16%的家长购买零食时会看生产日期，但只有28.80%的家长会阅读营养标签。不同零食认知水平的家长关于零食的态度(零食的安全卫生问题、长期进食零食是否导致儿童厌食偏食、参加零食营养宣教活动)及行为(购买零食时看生产日期、购买零食看营养标签、主动获取零食营养知识)差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为30.16，15.40；17.33，15.41，77.81，P值均 < 0.05)。结论应加强对家长开展营养与食品安全相关知识宣教，提升家长的营养认知，改变态度，促进合理饮食与购买零食行为的形成，以更好地引导儿童形成良好的饮食习惯。
- 食品 /
- 健康知识, 态度, 实践 /
- 法定监护人 /
- 健康教育
Abstract: Objective To investigate knowledge, attitude and purchase behavior for snack nutrition among parents of school-aged children in Shenzhen, so as to provide support and scientific basis for developing targeted intervention program for child healthy dietary behavior. Methods Through cluster random sampling method, a total of 4 517 parents of students graded in 2 from 116 primary schools in Shenzhen were invited to participate into a self-administered questionnaire survey. Results Parental cognition towards snack nutrition varied substantially. The majority of parents were worried about the health and safety issues of snack and were aware of the risk of eating disorder of consistent snakc consumption in children. Only 21.18% of parents reported frequent snack-purchasing behaviors. Children's snacks, mainly included milk, dairy products, vegetable, fruit, bread and cake, are mostly purchased by parents, and the snack choices were related to nutrition, hygiene and taste. In addition, most parents paid attention to the production date whereas less than one-third of them read the nutrition facts labels. Parents with different knowledge level towards snack nutrition differed in eating attitude and behavior. Conclusion Parents should be further educated about nutrition and food safety knowledge to improve nutritional literacy, as well as attitude towards healthy diet and snack-purchasing ehavior to better guide their children to develop good eating habits.
- Food /
- Health knowledge, attitudes, practice /
- Legal guardians /
- Health education

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表 1 深圳市学龄儿童家长的零食认知水平(n=4 517)

Table 1. Cognition level of school-aged children's parents for snack nutrition in Shenzhen(n=4 517)

零食营养认知	正答人数	正确率/%
最好的饮料	4 093	90.61
纯牛奶与酸奶的零食类别	1 885	41.73
巧克力的零食类别	918	20.32
碳酸饮料的零食类别	4 151	91.90
富含钙的食物	3 769	83.44
富含膳食纤维的食物	2 400	53.13
不吃早餐可造成血液里缺少的物质	3 368	74.56
碘缺乏的影响	4 257	94.24
维生素C缺乏的影响	2 483	54.97
与贫血相关的物质	3 516	77.84

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表 2 不同营养认知水平家长对零食营养态度构成比较

Table 2. Attitude of school-aged children's parents with different cognition levels towards snack in Shenzhen

营养认知水平	人数	零食的安全卫生问题			长期进食零食是否导致儿童厌食偏食			参加零食营养宣教活动
营养认知水平	人数	很担心	有点担心	不担心	是	否	不知道	非常愿意	愿意	不愿意/无所谓
低	442	219(7.50)	148(9.67)	3(4.76)	388(9.24)	30(14.22)	24(22.86)	79(7.62)	306(10.11)	56(12.56)
中等	2 388	1 539(52.74)	815(53.27)	30(47.62)	2 230(53.11)	101(47.87)	56(53.33)	544(52.46)	1 591(52.56)	249(55.83)
高	1 687	1 088(37.29)	567(37.06)	30(47.62)	1 581(37.65)	80(37.91)	25(23.81)	414(39.92)	1 130(37.33)	141(31.61)
χ²值		3.95			30.16			15.40
P值		0.41			< 0.01			< 0.01
注：部分条目有数据缺失；()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 3 零食相关行为构成在不同营养认知水平家长间的比较

Table 3. Purchase behavior of school-aged children's parents with different cognition levels for snack in Shenzhen

零食相关行为	选项	人数	低	中等	高	χ²值	P值
购买零食时看生产日期	每次都会	3 621	328(9.06)	1 903(52.55)	1 390(38.39)	17.33	< 0.01
	偶尔会	832	103(12.38)	454(54.57)	275(33.05)
	不会	64	11(17.19)	31(48.44)	22(34.38)
购买零食时看营养标签	每次都会	1 301	139(10.68)	653(50.19)	509(39.12)	15.41	0.02
	偶尔会	2 229	193(8.66)	1 187(53.25)	849(38.09)
	关注，但看不懂	484	56(11.57)	273(56.40)	155(32.03)
	不会	503	54(10.74)	275(54.67)	174(34.59)
引导儿童进食零食	经常	956	90(9.41)	475(49.69)	391(40.90)	8.66	0.07
	偶尔	1 936	196(10.12)	1 019(52.63)	721(37.24)
	不会	1 621	156(9.62)	892(55.03)	573(35.35)
主动获取零食营养知识	经常	2 123	158(7.44)	1 057(49.79)	908(42.77)	77.81	< 0.01
	偶尔	2 285	259(11.33)	1 274(55.75)	752(32.92)
	不会	108	25(23.15)	56(51.85)	27(25.00)
注：部分条目有数据缺失；()内数字为构成比/%。

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