传统五禽戏对女大学生体能及心理健康的影响

焦晓霞; 纪红; 陈静

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.011

传统五禽戏对女大学生体能及心理健康的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.011

1.
蚌埠学院体育教学部，安徽 233030
2.
亳州市体育局

基金项目:

安徽省教育厅省级质量工程重大线上教学改革研究项目 2020zdxsjg217

安徽省高校人文科学研究重点项目 sk2016a0865

详细信息

作者简介:
焦晓霞(1977-)，女，安徽亳州人，大学本科，讲师，主要从事民族传统体育教学及研究工作

中图分类号: G 806 G 647.8 G 804.49
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-20
- 修回日期: 2021-03-11
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-24
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-24

Effects of traditional Wuqinxi on physical fitness and mental health of female college students

1.
Department of Physical Education Bengbu University, Bengbu(233030), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探析传统五禽戏对女大学生体智能与心理健康改善效果，为女大学生寻找有效的促进身心健康的健身方法提供参考。方法 2019年3月随机选取蚌埠学院2018级80名在校女大学生为实验对象，随机分成实验组、对照组各40名，实验组进行为期16周的传统五禽戏干预习练，对照组保持同步非固定其他运动项目习练。结果实验后，实验组体重由(52.45±7.35)kg下降至(50.05±6.89)kg，与实验前差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)；体质量指数、腰围等指标均有明显改善。实验组台阶实验指数由(45.28±4.27)上升至(50.38±4.26)，与实验前差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)；肺活量体重指数、握力体重指数、仰卧起坐体重指数与实验前相比也显著提高(P值均 < 0.01)。实验组闭眼单足立由实验前(28.84±9.42)s提高到(30.61±10.26)s，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)；立定跳远和800 m跑与实验前差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。实验组的各项心理健康指标均呈现降低趋势，且人际关系敏感、抑郁等6项指标与实验前相比呈现显著降低(P值均 < 0.01)。对照组除800 m跑在实验前后差异有统计学意义外(P < 0.01)，其他指标差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论传统五禽戏对女大学生体能健康和心理健康均有积极提升作用，是一种切实有效的健身手段。
- 身体素质 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 健康促进 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生 /
- 女(雌)性
Abstract: Objective In order to promote health management of female college students, and to provide effective fitness training program for female college students to promote physical and mental health. Methods A total of 80 female college students from Bengbu College in 2018 were selected and were randomly divided into an experimental group and control group, with 40 students each. The experimental group received a 16-week traditional Wuqinxi intervention, and the control group maintained original sports exercises practice. Results The weight of the experimental group significantly decreased from (52.45±7.35)kg to (50.05±6.89)kg (P < 0.01); body mass index, waist circumference and other indicators also improved significantly. Step test scores of the experimental group significantly increased from (45.28±4.27) to (50.38±4.26) (P < 0.01); Vital capacity/body mass index, grip strength/body mass index, and sit-up/body mass index were also significantly improved (P < 0.01). In the experimental group. Balance scores assessed through standing in one foot with eyes closed significantly increased from (28.84±9.42)s to (30.61±10.26)s (P < 0.01); Standing long jump test (P < 0.01) and 800 meter running test (P < 0.05) also showed significant improvement. Mental health problems of the experimental group showed a decreasing trend, six dimensional scores including interpersonal sensitivity and depression all showed significant decreases compared with before the experiment (P < 0.01). In the control group, except for 800 meter running test, there was no significant differences in all the indicators before and after the intervention (P>0.05). Conclusion The traditional Wuqinxi shows a positive effect on physical fitness and mental health among female college students, and it is indeed a practical and effective training program for fitness improvement.
- Physical fitness /
- Mental health /
- Health promotion /
- Intervention studies /
- Students /
- Female

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表 1 两组女大学生实验前后身体形态指标测试结果比较(x ±s)

Table 1. Comparisons of female college students' body shape index test before and after the experiment(x ±s)

组别	实验前后	统计值	体重/kg	BMI/(kg·m^-2)	腰围/cm	WHR	F%/mm
对照组	实验前		52.46±8.26	20.50±5.01	63.48±7.05	0.80±0.26	28.60±2.38
(n=40)	实验后		51.47±7.41	20.16±3.29	62.22±2.37	0.79±0.21	27.92±2.47
		t值	2.15	1.23	2.36	0.48	0.83
		P值	< 0.05	0.28	< 0.05	0.54	0.35
实验组	实验前		52.45±7.35	20.66±4.38	63.59±6.37	0.80±0.24	28.31±2.57
(n=40)	实验后		50.05±6.89	19.58±4.83	61.06±5.63	0.78±0.20	25.32±2.42
		t值	3.32	2.82	4.21	1.78	5.66
		P值	< 0.01	0.03	< 0.01	0.51	< 0.01

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表 2 两组女大学生实验前后心肺系统及肌肉力量测试结果比较(x ±s)

Table 2. Comparisons of test indexes of the cardiopulmonary system and muscle strength of female college students before and after the experiment(x ±s)

组别	实验前后	统计值	台阶实验指数	肺活量体重指数	握力体重指数	仰卧起坐体重指数
对照组	实验前		45.12±3.72	43.36±10.52	53.53±15.69	72.40±16.61
(n=40)	实验后		47.28±5.27	46.62±10.49	54.33±15.38	75.26±15.16
		t值	-0.97	-1.38	-2.21	-4.82
		P值	0.35	0.69	0.57	0.04
实验组	实验前		45.28±4.27	42.96±10.56	53.36±14.98	72.97±15.38
(n=40)	实验后		50.38±4.26	48.25±9.46	56.32±9.72	76.17±17.58
		t值	-3.36	-8.27	-3.56	-5.87
		P值	< 0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01

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表 3 两组女大学生实验前后耐力、平衡性及协调性测试指标比较(x ±s)

Table 3. Comparisons of test indexes of female college endurance, balance and coordination before and after the experiment(x ±s)

组别	实验前后	统计值	800 m跑/s	立定跳远/m	闭眼单足立/s
对照组	实验前		238.74±28.58	1.72±0.44	29.76±11.62
(n=40)	实验后		231.30±33.18	1.78±0.46	30.16±10.11
		t值	6.18	-2.04	-0.32
		P值	0.01	0.04	0.57
实验组	实验前		237.54±27.11	1.72±0.58	28.84±9.42
(n=40)	实验后		232.86±36.58	1.80±0.27	30.61±10.26
		t值	9.08	-2.24	-6.64
		P值	0.05	0.01	0.01

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表 4 两组女大学生实验前后SCL-90得分比较(x ±s)

Table 4. Comparisons of SCL-90 test results of female college students before and after the experiment (x ±s)

组别	实验前后	统计值	躯体化	强迫症状	人际关系敏感	抑郁	焦虑	敌对	恐怖	偏执	精神病性	其他
对照组	实验前		1.46±0.38	1.58±0.37	1.60±0.31	1.63±0.42	1.57±0.36	1.62±0.39	1.48±0.21	1.62±0.44	1.46±0.37	1.58±0.29
(n=40)	实验后		1.44±0.22	1.57±0.32	1.58±0.32	1.62±0.33	1.58±0.17	1.61±0.34	1.47±0.36	1.64±0.37	1.51±0.35	1.57±0.33
		t值	0.57	0.10	0.99	1.56	-0.65	5.44	0.71	-1.12	-1.32	1.87
		P值	0.05	0.06	0.43	0.76	0.85	0.04	0.74	0.95	0.66	0.67
实验组	实验前		1.47±0.26	1.58±0.49	1.60±0.21	1.62±0.35	1.58±0.39	1.63±0.40	1.47±0.31	1.63±0.36	1.48±0.29	1.58±0.21
(n=40)	实验后		1.45±0.41	1.52±0.35	1.48±0.29	1.42±0.37	1.44±0.17	1.47±0.44	1.41±0.26	1.58±0.37	1.34±0.24	1.51±0.26
		t值	1.86	1.25	4.87	4.52	5.56	6.64	3.87	2.21	6.64	1.56
		P值	0.06	0.03	0.01	0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.01	0.04	< 0.01	0.04

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