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武汉市中小学生2019—2020年视力不良现况

谢新艳 杨莉华 杨长春 徐婷 李凌云 苏厚华 顾宏 胡亚萍 黄艳 项景 王景胜 宋然然

谢新艳, 杨莉华, 杨长春, 徐婷, 李凌云, 苏厚华, 顾宏, 胡亚萍, 黄艳, 项景, 王景胜, 宋然然. 武汉市中小学生2019—2020年视力不良现况[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1237-1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.027
引用本文: 谢新艳, 杨莉华, 杨长春, 徐婷, 李凌云, 苏厚华, 顾宏, 胡亚萍, 黄艳, 项景, 王景胜, 宋然然. 武汉市中小学生2019—2020年视力不良现况[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1237-1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.027
XIE Xinyan, YANG Lihua, YANG Changchun, XU Ting, LI Lingyun, SU Houhua, GU Hong, HU Yaping, HUANG Yan, XIANG Jing, WANG Jingsheng, SONG Ranran. Prevalence and trend of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Wuhan from 2019 to 2020[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(8): 1237-1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.027
Citation: XIE Xinyan, YANG Lihua, YANG Changchun, XU Ting, LI Lingyun, SU Houhua, GU Hong, HU Yaping, HUANG Yan, XIANG Jing, WANG Jingsheng, SONG Ranran. Prevalence and trend of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Wuhan from 2019 to 2020[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(8): 1237-1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.027

武汉市中小学生2019—2020年视力不良现况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.027
详细信息
    作者简介:

    谢新艳(1995-),女,湖北荆州人,在读博士,主要研究方向为儿童心理发展与心理卫生

    通讯作者:

    宋然然,E-mail:songranran@hust.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: R778.1  G478  R179

Prevalence and trend of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Wuhan from 2019 to 2020

  • 摘要:   目的  了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情居家隔离及线上学习后,武汉市中小学生视力不良检出率情况,为中小学生视力防控提供科学依据。  方法  2020年6月19日至7月6日,利用武汉市青少年视力低下防制(预防控制)中心设计的在线视力筛查工具对156 783名中小学生进行视力筛查,同时调查前1周学生室内外活动及视屏时间。学生相应的2019年新冠肺炎疫情暴发前的裸眼视力从学校视力监测记录中获取。  结果  2020年视力不良检出率(51.04%)高于2019年(43.04%)(χ2=68 944.95,P < 0.01)。经协变量调整后,相对于低分位数的网课时间、视屏娱乐时间、室内活动时间、室外活动时间,高分位数的各类活动时间对于视力不良OR值(OR值95%CI)分别为1.17(1.  13~1  .20)、1.07(1.04~1.10)、0.67(0.65~0.69)、0.62(0.60~0.64)。结论武汉市中小学生2020年视力不良检出率较2019年显著增高,应加强中小学生视力保护的广泛干预,优先考虑改善体育活动机会和减少多种屏幕行为的政策措施。
  • 表  1  不同组别学生过去1周平均每天各项活动时间比较/h

    Table  1.   Daily hours spent on the screen and physical activities during the past week of participants/h

    组别 人数 网络课程 视屏娱乐 室内活动 室外活动
    x ±s t/F P x ±s t/F P x ±s t/F P x ±s t/F P
    性别
      男 84 419 4.74±2.87 -9.13 < 0.01 1.82±1.71 13.53 < 0.01 2.61±2.38 6.41 < 0.01 1.54±1.44 15.43 < 0.01
      女 72 364 4.87±2.87 1.70±1.63 2.54±2.25 1.43±1.37
    学段
      小学 112 057 4.14±2.50 12 888.52 < 0.01 1.60±1.56 2 340.61 < 0.01 2.71±2.26 628.28 < 0.01 1.57±1.38 756.54 < 0.01
      初中 30 122 6.13±3.07 2.03±1.82 2.27±2.35 1.29±1.43
      高中 14 604 7.13±2.98 2.49±1.96 2.22±2.59 1.23±1.54
    班级排名
      前1/3 42 306 4.57±2.81 661.52 < 0.01 1.47±1.52 1 712.10 < 0.01 2.28±2.13 482.76 < 0.01 1.33±1.32 337.62 < 0.01
      中间1/3 92 621 4.76±2.82 1.78±1.63 2.68±2.32 1.54±1.41
      后1/3 21 856 5.42±3.11 2.28±1.97 2.73±2.61 1.55±1.56
    父亲教育程度
      初中及以下 53 828 5.00±2.95 216.70 < 0.01 2.04±1.77 1 255.92 < 0.01 2.75±2.50 403.33 < 0.01 1.57±1.48 238.09 < 0.01
      高中或同等学历 43 430 4.87±2.87 1.83±1.67 2.70±2.35 1.54±1.42
      大专 23 851 4.64±2.81 1.61±1.58 2.43±2.10 1.42±1.34
      大学本科及以上 35 674 4.53±2.76 1.37±1.49 2.26±2.09 1.34±1.32
    母亲教育程度
      初中及以下 61 170 5.03±2.95 276.61 < 0.01 2.02±1.77 1 184.07 < 0.01 2.73±2.48 333.47 < 0.01 1.55±1.47 194.88 < 0.01
      高中或同等学历 41 841 4.79±2.85 1.79±1.66 2.67±2.31 1.54±1.42
      大专 25 322 4.58±2.77 1.56±1.55 2.42±2.12 1.40±1.33
      大学本科及以上 28 450 4.51±2.77 1.36±1.49 2.26±2.11 1.34±1.34
    2019年视力筛查a
      正常视力 71 538 4.42±2.70 -63.97 < 0.01 1.66±1.59 -31.40 < 0.01 2.74±2.34 22.94 < 0.01 1.59±1.41 26.14 < 0.01
      视力不良 54 055 5.47±3.02 1.96±1.78 2.43±2.34 1.38±1.41
    2020年视力筛查
      正常视力 76 761 4.30±2.67 -69.03 < 0.01 1.62±1.57 -33.79 < 0.01 2.80±2.36 36.49 < 0.01 1.62±1.42 38.41 < 0.01
      视力不良 80 022 5.28±2.97 1.90±1.76 2.37±2.26 1.35±1.39
    总计 156 783 4.80±2.87 1.77±1.67 2.58±2.32 1.48±1.41
    注:a为参与2020年视力筛查的学生中,从学校视力监测记录中提取的125 593名学生2019年视力数据。日常活动时间数据为非正态分布,因样本量较大,仍使用t检验/方差分析进行统计推断。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同组别学生视力不良检出率比较

    Table  2.   Detection rate of poor vision among different groups of students

    组别 选项 2019年 2020年 χ2 P
    人数 视力不良人数 人数 视力不良人数
    性别 67 613 27 875(41.23) 84 419 41 803(49.52) 36 782.92 < 0.01
    57 980 26 180(45.15) 72 364 38 219(52.81) 32 098.82 < 0.01
    年级 小学 87 953 27 954(31.78) 112 057 45 768(40.84) 42 583.54 < 0.01
    初中 25 434 16 855(66.27) 30 122 22 297(74.02) 14 128.14 < 0.01
    高中 12 206 9 246(75.75) 14 604 11 957(81.87) 6 781.35 < 0.01
    班级排名 前1/3 33 682 14 494(43.03) 42 306 22 021(52.05) 17 249.57 < 0.01
    中间1/3 74 429 30 591(41.10) 92 621 45 060(48.65) 41 432.31 < 0.01
    后1/3 17 482 8 970(51.31) 21 856 12 941(59.21) 10 088.61 < 0.01
    父亲文化程度 初中及以下 44 183 20 016(45.30) 53 828 27 819(51.68) 26 546.26 < 0.01
    高中或同等学历 35 197 15 094(42.88) 43 430 21 777(50.14) 20 082.52 < 0.01
    大专 18 718 7 783(41.58) 23 851 11 921(49.98) 9 739.19 < 0.01
    大学本科及以上 27 495 11 162(40.60) 35 674 18 505(51.87) 12 762.06 < 0.01
    母亲文化程度 初中及以下 50 189 23 145(46.12) 61 170 32 123(52.51) 30 305.32 < 0.01
    高中或同等学历 33 802 14 022(41.48) 41 841 20 509(49.02) 18 922.76 < 0.01
    大专 19 684 7 958(40.43) 25 322 12 597(49.75) 9 882.12 < 0.01
    大学本科及以上 21 918 8 930(40.74) 28 450 14 793(52.00) 9 988.80 < 0.01
    合计 125 593 54 055(43.04) 156 783 80 022(51.04) 68 944.95 < 0.01
    注:()内数字为检出率/%。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-03-23
  • 修回日期:  2021-04-29
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-08-20
  • 刊出日期:  2021-08-25

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