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重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和血压偏高现况及相关性

陈京蓉 熊鹰 张洁 田渝 龙诚

陈京蓉, 熊鹰, 张洁, 田渝, 龙诚. 重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和血压偏高现况及相关性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1233-1236, 1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.026
引用本文: 陈京蓉, 熊鹰, 张洁, 田渝, 龙诚. 重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和血压偏高现况及相关性[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1233-1236, 1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.026
CHEN Jingrong, XIONG Ying, ZHANG Jie, TIAN Yu, LONG Cheng. Prevalence and correlation of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students in Chongqing[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(8): 1233-1236, 1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.026
Citation: CHEN Jingrong, XIONG Ying, ZHANG Jie, TIAN Yu, LONG Cheng. Prevalence and correlation of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students in Chongqing[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(8): 1233-1236, 1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.026

重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和血压偏高现况及相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.026
基金项目: 

庆市科卫联合医学科研项目 2018MSXM083

详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈京蓉(1989-),女,重庆市人,大学本科,主管医师,主要研究方向为营养与食品卫生学

    通讯作者:

    熊鹰,E-mail:54469190@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: R151  R153.2  R725.4

Prevalence and correlation of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students in Chongqing

  • 摘要:   目的  了解重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和血压偏高现况及其相关性,为有针对性防治儿童高血压的发生发展提供参考依据。  方法  2016年10月至2017年1月,通过多阶段分层随机抽样在重庆市选择3个农村点和3个城市点共1 360名7~17岁中小学生,开展问卷调查、体格测量、血压测量和血清维生素D检测。  结果  中小学生维生素D缺乏率为9.71%,不足率为62.57%;血压偏高率为25.88%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,调整了年龄、经济状况、腰围和体质量指数(BMI)分类、高血压家族史等因素后,维生素D缺乏和不足组发生高血压的风险是正常组的1.42倍,收缩压偏高的风险是正常组的1.59倍(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和不足、血压偏高现象较突出,需引起关注。维生素D不足和缺乏者较容易出现血压偏高。
  • 表  1  重庆市不同组别中小学生血清维生素D缺乏和不足检出率比较

    Table  1.   Deficiency and severe deficiency of serum vitamin D in primary and middle school students in Chongqing

    组别 选项 人数 维生素D缺乏 维生素D不足 Z P
    性别 681 47(6.90) 398(58.44) -6.19 < 0.01
    679 85(12.52) 453(66.72)
    年龄/岁 7~8 285 14(4.91) 168(58.95) 56.17 < 0.01
    9~11 458 39(8.52) 259(56.55)
    12~14 353 54(15.30) 245(69.41)
    15~17 264 25(9.47) 179(67.80)
    地区 城市 695 61(8.78) 409(58.85) -3.72 < 0.01
    农村 665 71(10.68) 442(66.47)
    合计 1 360 132(9.71) 851(62.57)
    注:()内数字为检出率/%。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  重庆市不同组别中小学生血压偏高检出率比较

    Table  2.   High blood pressure in primary and middle school students aged 7-17 in Chongqing

    组别 选项 人数 血压偏高 收缩压偏高 舒张压偏高
    性别 681 176(25.84) 131(19.24) 83(12.19)
    679 176(25.92) 122(17.97) 104(15.32)
    年龄/岁 7~8 285 90(31.58) 65(22.81) 45(15.79)
    9~11 458 138(30.13) 104(22.71) 69(15.07)
    12~14 353 74(20.96) 49(13.88) 48(13.60)
    15~17 264 50(18.94) 35(13.26) 25(9.47)
    地区 城市 695 138(19.86) 92(13.24) 69(9.93)
    农村 665 214(32.18) 161(24.21) 118(17.74)
    合计 1 360 352(25.88) 253(18.60) 187(13.75)
    注:()内数字为检出率/%。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  重庆市中小学生维生素D缺乏和血压偏高的二元Logistic回归分析(n=1 360)

    Table  3.   Binary Logistic regression analysis of Vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure students aged 7-17 in Chongqing(n=1 360)

    因变量 自变量 β 标准误 Wald χ2 P OR值(OR值95%CI)
    血压 BMI
      消瘦 0.10 0.27 0.14 0.71 1.11(0.66~1.87)
      超重 0.70 0.26 7.15 0.01 2.01(1.21~3.36)
      肥胖 1.10 0.32 11.56 < 0.01 3.01(1.59~5.67)
    腰围
      正常腰围高值 -0.66 0.25 6.83 0.01 0.52(0.32~0.85)
      高腰围 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.86 1.05(0.59~1.88)
    无高血压家族史 -0.46 0.17 6.89 0.01 0.63(0.45~0.89)
    空腹血糖偏高 0.24 0.19 1.60 0.21 1.27(0.88~1.83)
    年龄/岁
      9~11 -0.02 0.18 0.01 0.91 0.98(0.69~1.39)
      12~14 -0.68 0.20 11.62 < 0.01 0.51(0.34~0.75)
      15~17 -0.79 0.22 12.59 < 0.01 0.45(0.29~0.70)
    女生 0.02 0.14 0.02 0.90 1.02(0.78~1.33)
    监测点经济水平
      普通农村 -2.04 0.24 71.97 < 0.01 0.13(0.08~0.21)
      中小城市 -1.10 0.23 23.74 < 0.01 0.33(0.21~0.52)
      大城市 -1.43 0.17 67.38 < 0.01 0.24(0.17~0.34)
    维生素D缺乏和不足 0.35 0.17 4.09 0.04 1.42(1.01~1.98)
    收缩压 BMI
      消瘦 -0.14 0.33 0.17 0.68 0.87(0.46~1.67)
      超重 0.45 0.28 2.45 0.12 1.56(0.89~2.72)
      肥胖 0.72 0.35 4.14 0.04 2.06(1.03~4.12)
    腰围
      正常腰围高值 -0.34 0.28 1.47 0.23 0.71(0.41~1.24)
      高腰围 0.41 0.33 1.54 0.22 1.51(0.79~2.88)
    无高血压家族史 -0.38 0.20 3.50 0.06 0.69(0.46~1.02)
    空腹血糖偏高 0.18 0.21 0.76 0.38 1.20(0.80~1.80)
    年龄/岁
      9~11 -0.01 0.20 < 0.01 0.96 0.99(0.67~1.45)
      12~14 -0.80 0.23 12.27 < 0.01 0.45(0.29~0.70)
      15~17 -0.83 0.25 10.69 < 0.01 0.44(0.27~0.72)
    女生 -0.12 0.15 0.57 0.45 0.89(0.66~1.21)
    监测点经济水平
      普通农村 -2.53 0.33 58.41 < 0.01 0.08(0.04~0.15)
      中小城市 -1.99 0.32 39.36 < 0.01 0.14(0.07~0.26)
      大城市 -1.32 0.19 48.72 < 0.01 0.27(0.19~0.39)
    维生素D缺乏和不足 0.47 0.20 5.47 0.02 1.59(1.08~2.36)
    舒张压 BMI
      消瘦 0.25 0.31 0.64 0.42 1.28(0.70~2.36)
      超重 0.50 0.32 2.42 0.12 1.65(0.88~3.12)
      肥胖 0.33 0.38 12.06 < 0.01 3.78(1.79~8.01)
    腰围
      正常腰围高值 -0.91 0.34 7.11 0.01 0.40(0.21~0.79)
      高腰围 -0.27 0.36 0.55 0.46 0.76(0.37~1.56)
    无高血压家族史 -0.28 0.23 1.53 0.22 0.76(0.49~1.18)
    空腹血糖偏高 0.06 0.24 0.07 0.80 1.06(0.67~1.70)
    年龄/岁
      9~11 0.06 0.22 0.07 0.79 1.06(0.69~1.64)
      12~14 -0.13 0.24 0.27 0.60 0.88(0.55~1.41)
      15~17 -0.52 0.28 3.44 0.06 0.59(0.34~1.03)
    女生 0.34 0.17 3.95 0.05 1.40(1.01~1.95)
    监测点经济水平
      普通农村 -0.64 0.30 30.83 < 0.01 0.19(0.11~0.35)
      中小城市 -0.40 0.25 2.58 0.11 0.67(0.41~1.09)
      大城市 -1.60 0.24 45.61 < 0.01 0.20(0.13~0.32)
    维生素D缺乏和不足 0.04 0.21 0.04 0.84 1.04(0.70~1.57)
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-11-03
  • 修回日期:  2020-12-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-08-20
  • 刊出日期:  2021-08-25

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