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情境体育游戏对幼儿粗大动作及社会性发展的影响

文蕊香 姜桂萍 赵盼超 宾晓亮 董佳

文蕊香, 姜桂萍, 赵盼超, 宾晓亮, 董佳. 情境体育游戏对幼儿粗大动作及社会性发展的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1220-1224. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.023
引用本文: 文蕊香, 姜桂萍, 赵盼超, 宾晓亮, 董佳. 情境体育游戏对幼儿粗大动作及社会性发展的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(8): 1220-1224. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.023
WEN Ruixiang, JIANG Guiping, ZHAO Panchao, BIN Xiaoliang, DONG Jia. Impact of situational sport games on gross movements and social development among children aged 4-5 years old[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(8): 1220-1224. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.023
Citation: WEN Ruixiang, JIANG Guiping, ZHAO Panchao, BIN Xiaoliang, DONG Jia. Impact of situational sport games on gross movements and social development among children aged 4-5 years old[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(8): 1220-1224. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.023

情境体育游戏对幼儿粗大动作及社会性发展的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.023
基金项目: 

国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题项目 20BTY070

详细信息
    作者简介:

    文蕊香(1992-),女,湖南长沙人,在读博士,主要研究方向为幼儿动作发展

    通讯作者:

    姜桂萍,E-mail: jiang_guiping0401@126.com

  • 中图分类号: R179  G617.8

Impact of situational sport games on gross movements and social development among children aged 4-5 years old

  • 摘要:   目的  探讨情境体育游戏对4~5岁幼儿粗大动作及社会性发展的影响,为促进学龄前儿童健康发展提供参考。  方法  2019年4—7月,采用方便抽样在北京某公立幼儿园随机抽取71名4~5岁幼儿,采用随机数字表法将其分为实验组36名(进行8周情境体育游戏干预)和对照组35名(常规学习生活)。采用大肌肉动作发展测试(TGMD-3)和“3~9岁儿童的社会性发展量表”作为粗大动作和社会性发展水平的测查工具,对结果进行比较分析。  结果  干预前,实验组和对照组幼儿粗大动作总分(42.63±7.62,43.00±9.16)和社会性发展总分(211.88±6.68,212.71±9.80)差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为-0.18,-0.37,P值均>0.05)。干预后,实验组和对照组粗大动作总分(67.80±9.80,45.68±9.47)和社会性发展总分(228.30±6.37,214.71±8.65)较干预前均提高(t值分别为25.82,3.22;15.90,2.13,P值均<0.05),且实验组粗大动作和社会性发展水平高于对照组(t值分别为9.66,7.54,P值均<0.05)。  方法  8周情境体育游戏可促进4~5岁幼儿粗大动作和社会性发展。建议促进幼儿发展的干预手段应考虑多个发展领域。
  • 表  1  情境体育游戏内容

    Table  1.   Contents of situational sports games

    干预时间/周 游戏名称 动作 认知 社会性
    1~2 小白兔和大灰狼 移动、稳定 认识蔬菜、认识动物 情绪稳定性、意志、生活习惯等
    赶鸭子 移动、操作 区分颜色、认识数量 共情和助人、同伴关系、好胜心等
    飞机运快递 移动、精细 区分颜色、区分大小 遵守社会规则、社会认知、好胜心等
    3~4 小猴采果子 移动、稳定 认识形状、认识数量 独立性、内外向性、遵守社会规则等
    采蘑菇 移动、操作 认识数量、区分形状 同伴关系、遵守社会规则、诚实公正等
    小动物找食物 移动、精细 认识动物、区分形状 独立性、自我概念、遵守社会规则等
    5~6 爱冒险的小猴子 移动、稳定 认识水果、区分颜色 内外向性、情绪稳定性、诚实公正等
    给妈妈的礼物 移动、精细 区分颜色、了解序列 依恋家人、自尊、自我概念等
    炮弹打怪兽 移动、操作 认识数量、了解距离 遵守社会规则、情绪稳定性、好胜心等
    7~8 小鸡捉虫 稳定、精细 认识蔬菜、区分颜色 生活习惯、同伴关系、社会认知等
    古堡探险 移动、操作 认识数量、区分形状 同伴关系、共情和助人、独立性等
    五彩缤纷的球 操作、精细 区分颜色、认识数量 遵守社会规则、诚实公正、无侵犯性等
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  两组幼儿在情境体育游戏干预前后粗大动作发展测试得分比较(x±s)

    Table  2.   Comparison of the test scores of gross movement development of two groups of children before and after the intervention of situational sports games(x±s)

    组别 干预前后 统计值 前滑步 单脚跳 蹦跳 立定跳远 侧滑步 移动类总分 击打固定球
    实验组 干预前 4.75±1.22 3.16±1.66 2.80±1.32 2.08±1.66 4.27±1.81 4.08±1.46 21.16±4.69 3.38±1.80
    (n=36) 干预后 6.19±1.21 5.47±1.57 5.02±1.48 3.69±1.75 5.66±1.54 5.66±1.47 31.72±5.76 6.36±1.77
    t -6.79 -7.96 -9.41 -6.80 -6.80 -5.15 -17.41 -8.16
    P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
    对照组 干预前 4.85±1.57 3.14±1.51 2.94±2.04 2.05±1.55 4.22±1.98 4.25±2.13 21.48±6.35 3.28±1.70
    (n=35) 干预后 5.22±1.28 3.34±1.43 3.08±2.14 2.42±1.70 4.57±1.92 4.45±1.92 23.11±6.17 3.42±1.68
    t -2.25 -1.04 -0.77 -2.33 -1.34 -0.71 -2.80 -1.09
    P <0.05 >0.05 >0.05 <0.05 >0.05 >0.05 <0.01 >0.05
    组别 干预前后 统计值 击打反弹球 双手接球 下手抛球 脚踢固定球 原地运球 肩上投球 操作类总分 TGMD-3总分
    实验组 干预前 2.58±1.59 3.08±0.96 3.97±1.25 3.22±1.09 2.08±1.02 3.13±1.67 21.47±4.99 42.63±7.62
    (n=36) 干预后 4.50±1.40 4.33±0.98 5.77±1.64 5.33±1.39 4.13±1.47 5.63±1.64 36.08±5.74 67.80±9.80
    t -7.97 -8.27 -8.03 -10.05 -7.87 -7.69 -21.63 -25.82
    P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
    对照组 干预前 2.68±1.40 3.25±1.26 4.02±1.17 3.08±1.40 2.14±1.41 3.02±1.56 21.51±5.17 43.00±9.16
    (n=35) 干预后 3.00±1.41 3.22±1.45 4.08±1.40 3.28±1.17 2.25±1.19 3.28±1.60 22.57±5.07 45.68±9.47
    t -1.36 0.16 -0.37 -1.31 -0.89 -1.07 -1.82 -3.22
    P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 <0.01
    注:干预后实验组与对照组比较,P值均<0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  两组幼儿在情境体育游戏干预前后社会性发展测试得分比较(x±s)

    Table  3.   Comparison of the test scores of social development of two groups of children before and after the intervention of situational sports games(x±s)

    组别 干预前后 统计值 遵守社会规则 社会认知 意志 生活习惯 内外向性 依恋家人 情绪稳定性 自我概念
    实验组 干预前 14.86±1.01 13.69±1.30 13.05±1.54 13.08±1.31 13.52±1.55 16.58±0.96 12.61±1.02 12.11±0.97
    (n=36) 干预后 17.05±1.62 15.05±1.26 13.08±1.29 13.47±0.97 13.86±0.89 16.36±0.89 13.08±0.87 14.47±1.02
    t -8.13 -5.60 -0.10 -2.02 -1.24 -1.84 -2.83 -9.47
    P <0.01 <0.01 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 <0.05 <0.01
    对照组 干预前 14.91±1.46 13.48±1.26 12.80±1.74 13.05±0.90 13.71±1.20 16.80±0.96 12.54±1.06 12.10±0.71
    (n=35) 干预后 15.22±1.73* 13.68±1.10* 13.02±1.48 13.17±0.85 13.82±0.85 16.68±0.96 12.68±1.02 12.20±1.07*
    t -1.36 -1.09 -1.07 -0.94 -0.53 1.43 -1.15 -0.40
    P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05
    组别 干预前后 统计值 同伴关系 无侵犯性 独立性 诚实公正 共情和助人 好胜心 自尊心 总分
    实验组 干预前 12.83±1.53 16.88±1.08 13.25±0.99 15.36±1.57 13.61±1.45 13.66±1.21 16.91±1.22 211.88±6.68
    (n=36) 干预后 14.50±1.57 18.33±1.28 13.83±1.08 17.58±1.15 15.38±1.43 14.75±1.54 17.58±1.31 228.30±6.37
    t -6.53 -6.26 -5.39 -7.65 -5.90 -4.67 -4.32 -15.90
    P <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
    对照组 干预前 13.17±2.09 16.77±1.16 13.17±1.50 15.40±0.97 13.97±1.70 13.62±1.92 17.17±0.98 212.71±9.80
    (n=35) 干预后 13.31±2.01* 16.88±1.02* 13.34±1.34 15.54±1.35* 13.94±1.58* 13.88±1.87* 17.40±1.20 214.71±8.65*
    t -0.72 -0.61 -0.94 -0.84 0.09 -1.71 -1.67 -2.13
    P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 <0.05
    注:干预后与实验组比较,*P<0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-12-17
  • 修回日期:  2021-03-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-08-20
  • 刊出日期:  2021-08-25

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