Association between childhood abuse experiences and health risk behaviors among college students
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摘要:
目的 了解大学生健康危险行为发生现状及其与儿童期虐待经历的关系，为预防儿童虐待和健康危险行为的发生提供参考。 方法 于2016年3—4月，采用整群抽样的方法对南充市2所高校918名大学生进行匿名问卷调查，调查内容包括一般人口学特征、儿童期虐待经历及健康危险行为。使用χ2检验进行单因素分析，使用Logistic回归进行多因素分析。 结果 至少有1种健康危险行为的人数为720(78.43%)名，暴饮暴食人数最多(595名，64.81%)。吸烟、一次喝≥5瓶啤酒、打架斗殴、自杀意念人数依次为146(15.90%)、271(29.52%)、224(24.40%)、205(22.33%)名。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，儿童期至少经历1种虐待与大学生打架斗殴、自杀意念及暴饮暴食行为呈正向关联；儿童期情感忽视与大学生吸烟、自杀意念行为呈正向关联；儿童期情感虐待与大学生打架斗殴、自杀意念及暴饮暴食行为呈正向关联；儿童期性虐待与大学生吸烟行为呈正向关联(P值均<0.05)。 方法 大学生健康危险行为较普遍，儿童期虐待经历会增加大学生健康危险行为的发生风险。 Abstract:Objective To understand the association between childhood abuse experience and health risk behaviors among college students, providing references for childhood abuse and health risk behavior prevention. Methods During Mar. to Apr. of 2016, 918 college students from 2 universities in Nanchong city were selected through cluster sampling, the survey included general demographic characteristics, childhood abuse experiences and health risk behaviors. Chi square test was used for univariate analysis, and Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results A total of 720(78.43%) of participants reported at least one type of health risk behaviors, overeating was the most common type[595(64.81%)]. The number of adolescent reporting smoking, drinking 5 or more beers at a time, fighting and suicidal ideation was 146(15.90%), 271(29.52%), 224(24.40%), 205(22.33%), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that a significant positive association between experiencing at least one kind of childhood abuse and the behaviors of fighting, suicidal ideation, and overeating; between childhood emotional neglect with smoking and suicidal ideation; between childhood emotional abuse with fighting, suicidal ideation, and overeating; and between childhood sexual abuse with smoking(P<0.05). Conclusion Health risk behavior in college students is popular. Childhood abuse can increase the risk of health risk behaviors of college students. -
Key words:
- Child abuse /
- Mental health /
- Dangerous behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同人口学特征大学生健康危险行为发生率比较
Table 1. Incidence comparison of health risk behaviors among college students with different demographic characteristics
人口学指标 选项 人数 统计值 吸烟 一次喝≥5瓶啤酒 打架斗殴 自杀意念 暴饮暴食 性别 女 630 33(5.24) 121(19.21) 84(13.33) 140(22.22) 415(65.87) 男 288 113(39.24) 150(52.08) 140(48.61) 65(22.57) 180(62.50) χ2值 170.81 102.68 133.34 0.01 0.99 P值 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.91 0.32 居住地 农村 582 102(17.53) 170(29.21) 139(23.88) 120(20.62) 383(65.81) 城镇 336 44(13.10) 101(30.06) 85(25.30) 85(25.3) 212(63.10) χ2值 3.13 0.07 0.23 2.69 0.69 P值 0.08 0.79 0.63 0.10 0.41 独生子女 否 567 75(13.23) 143(25.22) 124(21.87) 129(22.75) 375(66.14) 是 351 71(20.23) 128(36.47) 100(28.49) 76(21.65) 220(62.68) χ2值 7.94 13.18 5.15 0.15 1.14 P值 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.70 0.29 母亲文化 文盲 30 4(13.33) 11(36.67) 12(40.00) 9(30.00) 19(63.33) 程度 小学 324 54(16.67) 82(25.31) 76(23.46) 79(24.38) 228(70.37) 初中 369 55(14.91) 108(29.27) 79(21.41) 75(20.33) 232(62.87) 高中或中专 134 21(15.67) 47(35.07) 38(28.36) 27(20.15) 83(61.94) 大专及以上 61 12(19.67) 23(37.70) 19(31.15) 15(24.59) 33(54.10) χ2值 1.22 7.46 8.55 3.21 8.58 P值 0.88 0.11 0.07 0.52 0.07 父亲文化 文盲 15 3(20.00) 5(33.33) 6(40.00) 4(26.67) 11(73.33) 程度 小学 231 41(17.75) 59(25.54) 62(26.84) 54(23.38) 168(72.73) 初中 416 61(14.66) 119(28.61) 88(21.15) 89(21.39) 263(63.22) 高中或中专 176 26(14.77) 54(30.68) 41(23.30) 36(20.45) 110(62.5) 大专及以上 80 15(18.75) 34(42.50) 27(33.75) 22(27.50) 43(53.75) χ2值 1.91 8.62 9.01 2.11 11.99 P值 0.75 0.07 0.06 0.72 0.02 家庭经济 差 151 38(25.17) 53(35.10) 50(33.11) 46(30.46) 109(72.19) 一般 728 99(13.60) 202(27.75) 163(22.39) 153(21.02) 458(62.91) 好 39 9(23.08) 16(41.03) 11(28.21) 6(15.38) 28(71.79) χ2值 14.08 5.84 8.11 7.57 5.59 P值 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.06 合计 918 146(15.90) 271(29.52) 224(24.40) 205(22.33) 595(64.81) 注： ()内数字为发生率/%。 
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表 2 不同儿童期虐待经历大学生健康危险行为发生率比较
Table 2. Incidence comparison of health risk behaviors of different childhood abuse experiences among college students
虐待类型 选项 人数 统计值 吸烟 一次喝≥5瓶啤酒 打架斗殴 自杀意念 暴饮暴食 至少1种 无 299 37(12.37) 77(25.75) 55(18.39) 41(13.71) 179(59.87) 有 619 109(17.61) 194(31.34) 169(27.30) 164(26.49) 416(67.21) χ2值 4.13 3.03 8.67 18.99 4.76 P值 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.03 躯体忽视 无 561 77(13.73) 157(27.99) 123(21.93) 120(21.39) 363(64.71) 有 357 69(19.33) 114(31.93) 101(28.29) 85(23.81) 232(64.99) χ2值 5.12 1.63 4.79 0.74 0.01 P值 0.02 0.20 0.03 0.39 0.93 情感忽视 无 580 79(13.62) 173(29.83) 139(23.97) 110(18.97) 382(65.86) 有 338 67(19.82) 98(28.99) 85(25.15) 95(28.11) 213(63.02) χ2值 6.14 0.07 0.16 10.29 0.76 P值 0.01 0.79 0.69 0.00 0.38 情感虐待 无 594 88(14.81) 169(28.45) 129(21.72) 100(16.84) 367(61.78) 有 324 58(17.90) 102(31.48) 95(29.32) 105(32.41) 228(70.37) χ2值 1.49 0.93 6.57 29.31 6.78 P值 0.22 0.34 0.01 0.00 0.01 躯体虐待 无 767 117(15.25) 219(28.55) 174(22.69) 156(20.34) 495(64.54) 有 151 29(19.21) 52(34.44) 50(33.11) 49(32.45) 100(66.23) χ2值 1.47 2.10 7.44 10.67 0.16 P值 0.23 0.15 0.01 0.00 0.69 性虐待 无 853 123(14.42) 246(28.84) 200(23.45) 189(22.16) 556(65.18) 有 65 23(35.38) 25(38.46) 24(36.92) 16(24.62) 39(60.00) χ2值 19.85 2.69 5.95 0.21 0.71 P值 0.00 0.10 0.02 0.65 0.40 注： ()内数字为发生率/%。
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表 3 大学生儿童期虐待经历与健康危险行为的Logistic回归分析结果[OR值(OR值95%CI)，n=918]
Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of childhood abuse and health risk behaviors among college students[OR(OR 95%CI), n=918]
虐待经历 吸烟 一次喝≥5瓶啤酒 打架斗殴 自杀意念 暴饮暴食 至少1种 1.36(0.87~2.12) 1.24(0.89~1.72) 1.58(1.09~2.28)* 2.19(1.50~3.19)* 1.39(1.04~1.85)* 躯体忽视 1.33(0.90~1.98) 1.10(0.81~1.50) 1.27(0.91~1.77) 1.10(0.80~1.52) 1.00(0.76~1.32) 情感忽视 1.54(1.03~2.30)* 0.90(0.66~1.24) 0.98(0.70~1.38) 1.61(1.17~2.22)* 0.88(0.67~1.17) 情感虐待 1.35(0.90~2.04) 1.21(0.88~1.66) 1.64(1.17~2.29)* 2.31(1.68~3.18)* 1.49(1.11~1.99)* 躯体虐待 0.92(0.56~1.52) 1.10(0.74~1.63) 1.35(0.89~2.05) 1.84(1.26~2.71)* 1.09(0.75~1.57) 性虐待 2.35(1.26~4.37)* 1.10(0.63~1.93) 1.34(0.75~2.40) 1.13(0.63~2.05) 0.81(0.48~1.36) 注： *P<0.05。
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