大学生日常体力活动与睡眠质量的关系

焦阳; 刘洲; 张晓丹

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.07.020

大学生日常体力活动与睡眠质量的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.07.020

焦阳¹,
刘洲²,
张晓丹^2, ,

1.
天津体育学院运动训练科学学院，天津 301617
2.
天津体育学院体育教育与教育科学学院

基金项目:

中国大学生体协科研项目 201713512

天津市高校人文社科项目 2017SK069

详细信息

作者简介:
焦阳(1995-)，女，天津市人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为体质健康促进

通讯作者:
张晓丹，E-mail: zxd331@hotmail.com

中图分类号: R179 G647.8 G806
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- 文章访问数: 1671
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-14
- 修回日期: 2021-06-06
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-23
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-25

Relationship between daily physical activity and sleep quality among college students

1.
School of Sports Training Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin (301617), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情期大学生日常体力活动与睡眠质量的关系，为改善大学生体质健康与睡眠状况提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法，于2020年3月从北京、天津、武汉各选2所高校(体育类/非体育类各1所)共2 808名在校大学生作为调查对象。利用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)以及Bouchard体力活动日记采集受试者睡眠状况及睡眠时间(SD)、久坐行为(SED)、低强度体力活动(LPA)和中高强度体力活动(MVPA)情况。采用Mann-Whitney U检验或Kruskal-Wallis检验分析大学生各项指标之间参数的差异，采用多元Logistic回归分析体力活动与睡眠质量的关系。结果疫情期间男生MVPA时间(0.5 h)高于女生(0 h)(Z=-4.21，P＜0.01)；≤18岁学生的SED时间(11.1 h)高于19~21岁及以上学生(9.3, 10.3 h)(F=7.90，P＜0.05)；居住在城市、城乡结合的学生SED(10.5, 9.5 h)高于农村学生(9.0 h)(F值分别为9.56，10.73，P值均＜0.01)；体育专业学生的LPA、MVPA时间(3.9，1.0 h)高于非体育专业学生(3.0，0 h)，SED及睡眠时间(8.3，9.8 h)均低于非体育专业学生(11.1，11.1 h)(Z值分别为-2.99，-4.73，-4.73，-2.42，P值均＜0.01)。睡眠质量一般和睡眠障碍学生的LPA时间均低于睡眠质量好的学生，SED时间均高于睡眠质量好的学生(F值分别为7.67，8.62，P值均＜0.05)。控制性别、年龄、居住地、专业等因素后，多元Logistic回归分析显示，LPA时间不足易增加睡眠障碍的风险(OR=0.84，95%CI=0.71~0.99，P＜0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情期大学生普遍存在久坐时间过长、体力活动不足等问题，睡眠质量也不容乐观，低强度体力活动不足可能会增加睡眠障碍的风险。
- 运动活动 /
- 睡眠 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between daily physical activity and sleep quality among college students during COVID-19 epidemic, so as to provide scientific basis for improving physical health and sleep of college students. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select a total of 2 808 college students from two universities (one in each of sports and non-sports categories) in Beijing, Tianjin, and Wuhan in March 2020. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale and the Bouchard Physical Activity Diary were used to collect sleep status and sleep duration (SD), sedentary behavior (SED), low intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the variability of parameters among college students. Multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality. Results During the epidemic, male students had higher MVPA times(0.5 h) than female students(0 h) (Z=-4.21, P < 0.01); students aged 18 and younger had higher SED times(11.1 h) than students aged 19 to 21 and older(9.3, 10.3 h) (F=7.90, P < 0.05). The SED was higher for students living in urban, combined urban-rural areas(10.5, 9.5 h) than for their rural counterparts(9.5 h) (F=9.56, 10.73, P < 0.01). Sport majors had higher LPA and MVPA times(3.9, 1.0 h) than non-sports majors(3.0, 0 h) (Z=-2.99, -4.73, P < 0.01), and lower SED and sleep times(8.3, 9.8 h) than non-sports majors(11.1, 11.1 h) (Z =-4.73, -2.42, P < 0.01). The LPA time of students with general sleep quality and sleep disorder was lower than that of students with good sleep quality (F=7.67, P < 0.05), and SED time was higher than that of students with good sleep quality (F=8.62, P < 0.05). After controlling for gender, age, place of residence, and specialty, multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that LPA time deficit was a risk factor for sleep quality (OR=0.84, 95%CI=0.71-0.99, P < 0.05). Conclusion During the COVID-19 epidemic period, college students generally suffer from excessive sedentary time and insufficient physical activity, which vary in sex, region and specialty. The overall sleep quality of students is not optimistic, and the lack of low-intensity physical activity may increase the risk of sleep disorders.
- Motor activity /
- Sleep /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

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表 1 不同组别大学生每天体力活动时间比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅)，h]

Table 1. Comparison of physical activity of college students with different characteristics[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), h]

组别	选项	人数	统计值	SD	SED	LPA	MVPA
性别	男	1 416		9.3(8.3，10.5)	9.0(6.3，12.5)	3.0(1.8，5.5)	0.5(0，2.3)
	女	1 392		9.3(8.3，10.8)	10.0(7.8，12.3)	3.3(1.8，5.4)	0(0，0.8)
			Z值	-0.14	-1.36	-0.55	-4.21
			P值	0.88	0.17	0.58	0.00
年龄/岁	≤18	288		8.6(8.1，9.9)	11.1(9.6，12.9)	3.0(2.3，4.0)	0(0，0.5)
	19~21	2 196		9.5(8.5，10.8)	9.3(6.8，12.3)^**	3.3(1.8，5.8)	0(0，1.5)
	≥22	324		9.0(8.3，12.0)	10.3(6.3，13.0)	2.8(1.8，5.3)	0.5(0，2.0)
			F值	4.26	7.90	1.33	4.18
			P值	0.11	0.01	0.51	0.12
居住地	城市	1 428		9.0(8.3，10.5)	10.5(7.8，13.0)	3.0(1.8，5.3)	0(0，1.0)
	农村	828		10.0(8.8，11.5)^##	9.0(6.0，10.8)^##	3.3(1.8，6.0)	0.5(0，1.6)
	城乡结合	552		9.3(8.2，10.3)^a	9.5(7.2，11.8)	3.3(2.3，5.8)	0.3(0，2.0)
			F值	10.73	9.56	1.78	1.99
			P值	0.00	0.00	0.41	0.37
专业	体育专业	1 296		9.8(8.8，11.0)	8.3(6.1，10.8)	3.9(2.3，6.4)	1.0(0，2.3)
	非体育专业	1 512		11.1(8.5，13.0)	11.1(8.5，13.0)	3.0(1.7，4.5)	0(0，0.5)
			Z值	-2.42	-4.73	-2.99	-4.73
			P值	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
注：与≤18岁学生相比，** P＜0.01；与城市学生相比，## P＜0.01；与农村学生相比，a为P＜0.05。

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表 2 疫情期每天不同睡眠质量大学生体力活动时间比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅), h]

Table 2. Comparison of physical activity among college students with different sleep quality during the epidemic period[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), h]

组别	人数	SD	SED	LPA	MVPA
睡眠质量好	1 548	9.3(8.3，10.8)	9.0(6.4，11.6)	3.8(2.3，6.0)	0.0(0.0，2.0)
睡眠质量一般	912	8.8(8.3，10.5)	10.9(7.8，13.0)^*	2.5(1.8，4.7)^*	0.5(0.0，1.0)
睡眠障碍	348	9.8(8.4，11.9)	10.0(7.1，12.4)^*	3.0(0.4，4.0)^*	0.0(0.0，1.1)
F值		2.21	8.62	7.67	1.46
P值		0.33	0.01	0.02	0.48
注：与睡眠质量好组相比，*P＜0.05。

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表 3 大学生体力活动与睡眠质量的多元Logistic回归分析(n=2 808)

Table 3. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of physical activity and sleep quality(n=2 808)

自变量	睡眠质量一般				睡眠障碍
自变量	β值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	β值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
SD	-0.02	0.11	0.74	0.98 (0.86~1.12)	0.12	2.25	0.13	1.13 (0.96~1.33)
SED	0.10	3.35	0.07	1.10 (0.99~1.20)	0.06	0.67	0.41	1.06 (0.93~1.21)
LPA	-0.10	3.13	0.08	0.91 (0.82~1.01)	-0.17	4.13	0.03	0.84 (0.71~0.99)
MVPA	-0.21	2.63	0.10	0.81 (0.63~1.04)	0.02	0.02	0.88	1.02 (0.77~1.37)

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