《青少年心理健康素养评定量表》编制及在医学生中的应用

李丹琳; 胡婕; 黄雪雪; 薛艳妮; 陈思娴; 汪姗姗; 万宇辉; 陶芳标; 张诗晨

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.07.018

《青少年心理健康素养评定量表》编制及在医学生中的应用

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.07.018

李丹琳^{1, 2},
胡婕^{1, 2},
黄雪雪^{1, 2},
薛艳妮^{1, 2},
陈思娴³,
汪姗姗^{1, 2},
万宇辉^{1, 2},
陶芳标^{1, 2},
张诗晨^{1, 2, ,}

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系，合肥 230032
2.
出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室
3.
安徽医科大学第一临床医学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 81402699

安徽医科大学"早期接触科研"训练计划项目 2019-ZQKY-87

详细信息

作者简介:
李丹琳(1994-)，女，四川绵阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为青少年健康促进

通讯作者:
张诗晨，E-mail：zhangshichen@ahmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: G444 B844.2
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- 文章访问数: 1426
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-25
- 修回日期: 2020-12-09
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-23
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-25

Development and application of the Adolescent Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire among medical undergraduates

LI Danlin^{1, 2},
HU Jie^{1, 2},
HUANG Xuexue^{1, 2},
XUE Yanni^{1, 2},
CHEN Sixian³,
WANG Shanshan^{1, 2},
WAN Yuhui^{1, 2},
TAO Fangbiao^{1, 2},
ZHANG Shichen^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的编制《青少年心理健康素养评定量表》并评价在医学生中应用的信、效度，为研究中国青少年心理健康素养提供有效的测评工具。方法在文献综述的基础上，基于心理健康素养的概念框架和知信行理论构建了4个维度36个条目，采用Likert 1~5级评分标准进行评分。方便整群抽取安徽省2所医学类院校的大一、大二3 826名学生进行分析。通过t检验、Pearson相关分析、因子分析等方法对条目进行筛选，采用同质信度、半分信度和结构效度等评价问卷的信效度。结果《青少年心理健康素养评定量表》由4个维度22个条目组成，方差累积贡献率为62.213%，总问卷的Cronbach α系数为0.897，分半信度为0.800，各维度的Cronbach α系数为0.796~0.885，各维度的分半系数为0.725~0.846，问卷的信度良好。验证性因子分析显示，χ²/df值为19.319(P < 0.01)，近似均方根残差(RMSEA)为0.069，各拟合度指标均大于或接近0.9，模型拟合优度良好。结论《青少年心理健康素养评定量表》符合心理统计学要求，具有良好的信、效度，可以作为大学生心理健康素养水平的评定工具。
- 精神卫生 /
- 健康教育 /
- 问卷调查 /
- 青少年 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To develop the Adolescent Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire (AMHLAQ), and to evaluate its reliability and validity among undergraduates. Methods On the basis of the definition of mental health literacy (MHL) and the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) theory, this study constructed a total of 36 items consisting of four dimensions, and scores were measured according to a five-point Likert-type scale. Using a cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 826 freshmen and sophomore students from two medical schools in Anhui Province. The items were screened by performing t-tests, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis and factor analysis. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated using indicators including homogeneity reliability, the split-half reliability coefficient, and construct validity. Results Factor analysis revealed that the AMHLAQ consisted of 22 questions grouped into four domains. The variance cumulative contribution rate was 62.213%. The reliability result showed that the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.897, the split-half reliability was 0.800, the Cronbach's coefficient of each dimension was 0.796 to 0.885, the split-half reliability of each dimension was 0.725 to 0.846, and the indicators had a high level of reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit was good (χ²/df=19.319, P < 0.01; RMSEA=0.069). Conclusion AMHLAQ is consistent with the evaluation standard of psychometrics, has good reliability and validity, and can be used to estimate the level of MHL among undergraduates.
- Mental health /
- Health educaiton /
- Questionnaire /
- Adolescent /
- Students

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表 1 《青少年心理健康素养评定量表》因子负荷分析

Table 1. Factors analysis of AMHLAQ

题项	知识	识别	态度	行为	共同度
32.遭受身心创伤(如情感、躯体虐待等)可能导致精神心理疾病	0.776				0.694
20.脑部外伤或病变可能导致精神心理疾病	0.465				0.400
34.诊断精神心理疾病的重要因素之一是症状的持续时间	0.771				0.690
18.心理咨询是治疗精神心理疾病的一种有效方法	0.504				0.672
22.增多与他人交流有助于心理健康	0.596				0.707
36.均衡饮食有助于心理健康	0.710				0.682
5.抑郁症状者会对大多数事物失去兴趣与快乐		0.692			0.647
1.焦虑症患者常出现不明原因的担心、过分紧张害怕		0.772			0.666
13.强迫症患者常存在思维或行为的强迫反复(如反复洗手)		0.476			0.612
27.社交恐惧后患者在与他人交流或集体活动时会变得极度紧张、焦虑		0.303			0.616
14.创伤症应激障碍会努力回避与创伤有关的情景和内容		0.472			0.529
28.如果我患有精神心理疾病，我会觉得很耻辱			0.713		0.534
7.如果我的亲友患有精神心理疾病，我会觉得很耻辱			0.677		0.556
29.如果我的亲友患有精神心理疾病，我不愿意帮他/她做什么			0.746		0.586
31.我认为精神心理疾病患者通常来自于低收入家庭			0.724		0.532
21.我认为精神心理疾病不会影响人的情感			0.669		0.515
16.我认为只有成年人才会得精神心理疾病			0.738		0.576
11.我能控制自己的不良情绪和行为				0.824	0.720
17.我能解决目前我所遇到的心理困扰				0.668	0.547
10.如果我的亲友患有精神心理问题，我会鼓励他/她去寻求帮助				0.769	0.770
23.如果我的亲友患有精神心理问题，我会给予他/她帮助				0.622	0.731
12.如果我的亲友患有精神心理问题，我会倾听而不去评判或批评				0.782	0.707
Cronbach α系数	0.870	0.796	0.806	0.885	-
特征值	8.309	3.108	1.243	1.028	-
贡献率/%	20.916	17.776	14.280	9.242	62.213

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