武汉市黄陂区中小学校直饮水重金属健康风险

李利庆; 黄燕丽; 刘燕婕

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.030

武汉市黄陂区中小学校直饮水重金属健康风险

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.030

1.
湖北洁源检测有限公司质管科，武汉 432200
2.
长江航运总医院检验科

基金项目:

武汉市科技计划项目 2020020602012161

详细信息

作者简介:
李利庆(1979-)，女，湖北武汉人，大学本科，助理工程师，主要研究方向为水质卫生学评价

通讯作者:
刘燕婕，E-mail：729789596@qq.com

中图分类号: G478 R179 R123.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-26
- 修回日期: 2021-02-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-25

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in direct drinking water among middle and primary schools in Huangpi District of Wuhan

1.
Quality Control Department of Hubei Jieyuan Testing Co. Ltd., Wuhan(432200), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析武汉市黄陂区中小学校直饮水重金属健康风险，为保障师生饮水安全提供参考依据。方法采集武汉市黄陂区66所中小学校直饮水，按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750—2006)检测水中重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)，参照《饮用净水水质标准》(CJ 94—2005)进行评价。利用健康风险评价法(HRA) 评价水质重金属健康风险。结果检测结果显示，水质Pb、Cd、As不合格率分别为0.95%，1.22%和0，水质Pb、Cd、As非致癌风险均 < 1，致癌风险在1.07×10^-8/年~5.58×10^-6/年范围，均处于可接受水平。结论武汉市黄陂区中小学校直饮水重金属Pb、Cd、As质量体积浓度符合标准要求，较少部分水样Pb、Cd轻度超标，尚未见明显健康风险性。需加强水质卫生管理、监测及健康风险评价，确保学校师生饮水安全。
- 饮水 /
- 金属 /
- 组织和管理 /
- 合格鉴定 /
- 学生保健服务
Abstract: Objective To analyze heavy metal health risks of direct drinking water in primary and secondary schools in Huangpi District, Wuhan, so as to provide reference basis for ensuring drinking water safety of teachers and students. Methods Cadmium (Cd), Plumbum (Pb) and arsenic (As) in water samples from primary and secondary schools were detected in accordance with the GB/T 5750-2006 "Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water", water quality was evaluated based on the Quality Standard for Fine Drinking Water(CJ 94-2005). Health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the potential risk of heavy metals in direct drinking water in primary and secondary schools. Results The unqualified rates of Pb, Cd and As were 0.95%, 1.22% and 0 in 66 primary and secondary schools in Huangpi District, Wuhan. The risk of noncarcinogens related to the direct drinking water of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As) were less than 1. The range of carcinogenic risks related to the direct drinking water was within the range of 1.07×10^-8/year -5.58×10^-6/year which were both within the acceptable level. Conclusion Concentrations of cadmium, plumbum and arsenic were not found to be significantly elevated as compared to "Quality Standard for Fine Drinking Water" in Huangpi District of Wuhan. Pb and Cd slightly exceeded the standard, with no significant health risk. Water quality and health risk assessment should be strengthened to ensure the safety of drinking water for teachers and students.
- Drinking /
- Metals /
- Organization and administration /
- Eligibility determination /
- Student health services

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表 1 武汉市黄陂区不同学段中小学校直饮水重金属质量体积浓度/(mg·L^-1)

Table 1. Contentrations of heavy metals in direct drinking water among primary and middle schools in Huangpi District of Wuhan/(mg·L^-1)

学段	人数	Pb			Cd			As
学段	人数	P₂₅~P₇₅	M	标准限值	P₂₅~P₇₅	M	标准限值	P₂₅~P₇₅	M	标准限值
小学	169	0.000~0.006	0.001	0.01	0.000~0.009	0.001	0.003	0.000~0.003	0.001	0.01
中学	570	0.000~0.037	0.002	0.01	0.000~0.013	0.001	0.003	0.000~0.003	0.001	0.01

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表 2 武汉市黄陂区不同学段中小学校直饮水重金属健康风险情况

Table 2. Health risks of heavy metals in drinking water among primary and middle schools in Huangpi District of Wuhan

学段	非致癌风险			致癌风险/年
学段	Pb	Cd	AS	Cd	Pb	As
小学	0.003	0.004	0.009	1.07×10^-8	7.81×10^-7	4.01×10^-6
中学	0.003	0.008	0.010	6.77×10^-8	3.51×10^-6	5.58×10^-6

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