身体运动功能训练对4~5岁儿童体质与认知功能干预效果评价

周龙峰; 崔洁; 张晓娟; 陈会岩; 贾艳红; 武一萍; 荣湘江; 范永召; 刘坤

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.020

身体运动功能训练对4~5岁儿童体质与认知功能干预效果评价

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.020

1.
首都体育学院体育教育训练学院, 北京 100191
2.
北京市西城区妇幼保健院
3.
耶鲁大学

基金项目:

北京市西城区卫计委-西城区妇幼保健院-运动促进幼儿体质、认知与情感健康发展国际合作交流项目 0768-1741CSIMCZ09

北京市社会科学基金项目 20YTC034

"十三五"时期北京市属高校高水平教师队伍建设支持计划青年拔尖人才培育计划 044318008/001

详细信息

作者简介:
周龙峰(1983-), 男, 湖北武汉人, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为青少年身体运动功能训练

通讯作者:
贾艳红, E-mail: jiayanhong1005@sina.com

中图分类号: G 808 G 804.49 R 179
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- 文章访问数: 779
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-19
- 修回日期: 2021-03-04
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-25

Evaluation of functional training specifically on physical and cognitive functions intervention among children aged 4-5

1.
Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing(100191), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨身体运动功能训练对儿童体质与认知功能的影响，为儿童体质与认知功能的发展研究提供参考依据。方法方便选取北京西城区6所幼儿园4~5岁儿童173名，采用随机数字表法将其分为实验组(94名)与对照组(79名)。实验组进行18周的身体运动功能训练，对照组不进行任何干预。干预前后分别测试两组样本的体质和认知功能，使用配对t检验和独立样本t检验比较干预前后组内和组间各个体质与认知功能指标的差异。结果干预后，与对照组相比，实验组儿童立定跳远成绩提高5.72%、双脚连续跳成绩提高23.79%、10 m折返跑成绩提高13.95%、简单反应时测试成绩提高20.34%、注意力成绩提高18.96%，组间差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.75，6.68，10.79，5.07，4.32，P值均<0.01)。结论身体运动功能训练对儿童特定体质和认知功能发展有促进作用。
- 体育和训练 /
- 体质 /
- 认知 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To investigate effects of functional training on physical and cognitive function in 4-5 years old children, so as to provide a reference for the research on development of children's physical and cognitive functions. Methods The 173 participants aged 4-5 were enrolled from 6 kindergartens in Xicheng District, Beijing and were divided into experimental (n=94) and control groups (n=79) by randomized digital tables. The experimental group were asked to receive a 18-week special designed functional movement training, which were not performed to the control group. The two groups were tested with physical and cognitive assessments before and after the intervention, and the results were compared pre/post in individual group and between groups with t tests. Results Compared with control group, the score of standing long jump among children in the experimental group was improved by 5.72%, and that of feet jump was improved by 23.79%, that of 10-meter-shuttle run was improved by 13.95%, that of simple reaction was by 20.34%, and that of attention was by 18.96%, and all the improvement was of statistical significance(t=-2.75, 6.68, 10.79, 5.07, 4.32, P<0.01). Conclusion Both physical and cognitive functions were enhanced by the functional physical training in 4-5-year-old children.
- Physical education and training /
- Body constitution /
- Cognition /
- Growth and development /
- Intervention studies /
- Child

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表 1 两组儿童干预前后体质与认知功能情况比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of physical and cognitive function between two groups before and after intervention(x±s)

组别	干预前后	统计值	身高/cm	体重/kg	立定跳远/cm	坐位体前屈/cm	双脚连续跳/s	10 m折返跑/s	走平衡木/s	网球掷远/m	简单反应时/s	注意力/s	空间记忆力
对照组	干预前		107.78±5.10	17.94±3.22	96.09±15.10	12.12±4.25	6.30±1.47	7.83±1.44	8.21±5.09	4.23±1.09	0.55±0.20	16.76±4.44	3.49±1.32
(n=79)	干预后		109.07±5.13	18.71±3.27	96.41±14.24	12.28±5.09	6.60±2.03	7.67±0.65	7.82±4.35	4.15±1.29	0.59±0.18	16.98±5.26	3.67±1.27
		t值	-9.37	-12.01	-0.41	-0.35	-1.17	0.93	1.00	0.72	-1.38	-1.02	-1.50
		P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.68	0.73	0.24	0.36	0.32	0.48	0.17	0.31	0.14
实验组	干预前		108.95±4.60	18.45±2.85	92.26±15.13	11.30±5.25	6.81±2.26	7.49±0.98	7.53±4.34	4.26±1.53	0.52±0.15	16.27±5.48	3.85±1.33
(n=94)	干预后		109.94±4.56	19.34±2.94	102.26±13.69^a	11.17±4.91	5.03±0.54^a	6.60±0.65^a	7.43±3.37	4.34±1.78	0.47±0.12^a	13.76±4.55^a	4.00±1.46
		t值	-6.09	-19.41	-10.00	0.94	8.33	14.03	0.36	-0.55	2.77	5.18	-1.07
		P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.35	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.72	0.58	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.29
注： a表示与对照组干预后相比较，P<0.05。

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