杭州市中小学生新冠肺炎认知防护行为及态度

黄阳梅; 王勐; 何晓燕; 陈玉阳; 张琼; 俞锋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.015

杭州市中小学生新冠肺炎认知防护行为及态度

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.015

浙江省杭州市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所，310021

详细信息

作者简介:
黄阳梅(1982-)，女，湖南衡阳人，硕士，主管医师，主要研究方向为健康教育与促进

中图分类号: G479 R183
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-17
- 修回日期: 2020-12-27
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-25

Knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding protection against COVID-19 among primary and middle students in Hangzhou

Department of Health Education in Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou(310021), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析杭州市中小学生对新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称“新冠肺炎”)的认知、防护行为和态度现状，为学校开展有针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法于2020年3月3—7日采用网络方便抽样的方法，利用问卷星，对杭州市14 216名中小学生进行新冠肺炎相关知识的认知、防护行为和态度的匿名式问卷调查。结果杭州市中小学生对新冠肺炎传播途径(85.83%)、潜伏期(77.44%)知晓率较高，对症状知晓率相对较低(44.70%)。戴口罩、咳嗽礼仪和正确洗手的执行率分别为97.27%，88.01%，91.82%。中小学生防护行为总体较好，91.21%呈中等及以上水平。有83.91%的中小学生担心感染新冠肺炎，55.42%的中小学生对复学存在紧张心理。小学生、农村学生对复学更为紧张(χ²值分别为46.66，26.70，P值均 < 0.05)。结论杭州市中小学生新冠肺炎相关知识和防护行为总体情况较好，但需进一步开展有针对性的健康教育，同时加强中小学生的心理健康教育。
- 冠状病毒属 /
- 肺炎 /
- 健康知识 /
- 态度，实践 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding protection against COVID-19 among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for schools to carry out targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out through the questionnaire star, and a total of 14 216 subjects from primary and middle school in Hangzhou were recruited to fill in the questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitudes and practice of COVID-19 from March 3 to March 7, 2020. Results Primary and middle school students showed high awareness rate of transmission (85.83%) and incubation period (77.44%), but lower awareness on symptoms (44.70%) of COVID-19. The practice of wearing masks, cough etiquette and correct hand washing were 97.27%, 88.01% and 91.82%, respectively. The protective practice among primary and middle school students were generally good, 91.21% of them were at moderate level or above. 83.91% of primary and secondary school students reported worries about infection of COVID-19, and 55.42% of primary and secondary school students were anxious about returning to school. Primary school students and rural students were more anxious about returning to school(χ²=46.66, 26.70, P < 0.05). Conclusion The primary and middle school students in Hangzhou have a relatively good level of knowledge and practice concerning COVID-19. Yet, it is necessary to carry out targeted health education and strengthen mental health education for primary and middle school students.
- Coronavirus /
- Pneumonia /
- Health knowledge /
- attitudes, practice /
- Students

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表 1 不同人口学特征中小学生新冠肺炎知识知晓率比较

Table 1. Comparison of knowledge towards COVID-19 among primary and middle students with different characteristics

人口学指标		人数	统计值	传播途径	症状	潜伏期
性别	男	7 527		6 394(84.95)	3 256(43.26)	5 804(77.11)
	女	6 689		5 807(86.81)	3 098(46.32)	5 205(77.81)
			χ²值	10.14	13.39	1.01
			P值	0.00	< 0.01	0.32
学段	小学	7 102		6 530(91.95)	3 349(47.16)	5 461(76.89)
	初中	6 157		5 008(81.34)	2 651(43.06)	4 800(77.96)
	高中	957		663(69.28)	354(37.00)	748(78.16)
			χ²值	535.98	47.06	2.45
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.29
地区	城镇	11 887		10 298(86.63)	5 474(46.05)	9 162(77.08)
	农村	2 329		1 903(81.71)	880(37.78)	1 847(79.30)
			χ²值	38.81	53.83	5.54
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.02
合计		14 216		12 201(85.83)	6 354(44.70)	11 009(77.44)
注： ()内数字为知晓率/%。

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表 2 不同人口学特征中小学生新冠肺炎防护行为执行率比较

Table 2. Comparison of practice of COVID-19 among primary and middle students with different characteristics

人口学指标		人数	统计值	戴口罩	咳嗽礼仪	正确洗手
性别	男	7 527		7 298(96.96)	6 501(86.37)	6 820(90.61)
	女	6 689		6 530(97.62)	6 010(89.85)	6 233(93.18)
			χ²值	5.91	40.63	31.28
			P值	0.02	< 0.01	< 0.01
学段	小学	7 102		6 958(97.97)	6 483(91.28)	6 480(91.24)
	初中	6 157		5 961(96.82)	5 254(85.33)	5 699(92.56)
	高中	957		909(94.98)	774(80.88)	874(91.33)
			χ²值	36.80	160.03	7.97
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.02
地区	城镇	11 887		11 602(97.60)	10 506(88.38)	10 993(92.48)
	农村	2 329		2 226(95.58)	2 005(86.09)	2 060(88.45)
			χ²值	30.08	9.71	42.09
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
合计		14 216		13 828(97.27)	12 511(88.01)	13 053(91.82)
注： ()内数字为执行率/%。

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表 3 不同人口学特征中小学生新冠肺炎防护行为得分分布比较

Table 3. Comparison of protective behavior score of COVID-19 among primary and middle students with different characteristics

人口学指标		人数	低	中	高	Z/H值	P值
性别	男	7 527	730(9.70)	2 687(35.70)	4 110(54.60)	-3.26	0.00
	女	6 689	520(7.77)	2 374(35.49)	3 795(56.73)
学段	小学	7 102	525(7.39)	2 429(34.20)	4 148(58.41)	60.50	< 0.01
	初中	6 157	595(9.66)	2 288(37.16)	3 274(53.18)
	高中	957	130(13.58)	344(35.95)	483(50.47)
地区	城镇	11 887	975(8.20)	4 121(34.67)	6 791(57.13)	-8.71	< 0.01
	农村	2 329	275(11.81)	940(40.36)	1 114(47.83)
合计		14 216	1 250(8.79)	5 061(35.60)	7 905(55.61)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 4 不同人口学特征中小学生对新冠肺炎态度比较

Table 4. Comparison of attitudes of COVID-19 among primary and middle students with different characteristics

人口学指标		人数	担心感染新冠肺炎				复学是否紧张
人口学指标		人数	担心	不担心	χ²值	P值	紧张	不紧张	χ²值	P值
性别	男	7 527	6 286(83.51)	1 241(16.49)	1.89	0.17	4 214(55.99)	3 313(44.01)	2.09	0.15
	女	6 689	5 643(84.36)	1 046(15.64)			3 664(54.78)	3 025(45.22)
学段	小学	7 102	6 070(85.47)	1 032(14.53)	25.71	< 0.01	4 128(58.12)	2 974(41.88)	46.66	< 0.01
	初中	6 157	5 076(82.44)	1 081(17.56)			3 276(53.21)	2 881(46.79)
	高中	957	783(81.82)	174(18.19)			474(49.53)	483(50.47)
地区	城镇	11 887	9 899(83.28)	1 988(16.72)	21.79	< 0.01	6 474(54.47)	5 413(45.54)	26.70	< 0.01
	农村	2 329	2 030(87.16)	299(12.84)			1 404(60.28)	925(39.72)
合计		14 216	11 929(83.91)	2 287(16.09)			7 878(55.42)	6 338(44.58)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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