北京市丰台区高校新生艾滋病认知与检测意愿调查

肖丹朝; 李彦奇; 那娜; 史文雅; 刘超; 田丽娜; 许京春; 任航; 王欣心

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.010

北京市丰台区高校新生艾滋病认知与检测意愿调查

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.06.010

北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防制科, 100070

详细信息

作者简介:
肖丹朝(1990-), 女, 河北保定人, 硕士, 公卫医师, 主要研究方向为艾滋病性病的预防控制

通讯作者:
王欣心, E-mail: ftfaw@126.com

中图分类号: R 512.91 G 647.8
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-09
- 修回日期: 2020-12-11
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-25

Investigation of AIDS cognition and testing willingness among freshmen in Fengtai District, Beijing

Department of HIV/STDs Prevention and Control, Beijing Fengtai Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing(100070), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解北京市丰台区大学新生艾滋病认知情况与检测意愿，为进一步开展大学生防艾教育提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样方法，从北京市丰台区4所高等院校中的新生军训营中，各随机抽取2个连，被抽取到的连队中的全部学生共1 248名参与调查问卷，内容包括学生基本情况、艾滋病知晓情况、艾滋病检测意愿等。结果 87.18%的学生知晓艾滋病相关知识，62.98%具有检测意愿。外地生源的学生艾滋病检测意愿(67.39%)高于北京生源学生(55.65%)(χ²=17.32，P < 0.05)。知晓艾滋病相关知识的学生检测意愿(65.26%)强于不知晓者(47.50%)(χ²=18.87，P < 0.05)。接受艾滋病检测的主要顾虑是担心泄露隐私(23.24%)和费用问题(18.59%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，艾滋病基本知识8道题目中，提高其中5道题目的知晓率有助于提升检测意愿(P值均 < 0.05)。多数学生更倾向在医院和疾病预防控制中心获取艾滋病检测服务，接受率分别为68.51%和42.79%。结论有针对性地对大学生艾滋病认知的薄弱环节开展相关健康教育活动，有助于提升艾滋病检测意愿。
- 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 /
- 认知 /
- 健康教育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To examine college students' awareness of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), as well as their willingness to undergo testing, and to provide guidance for further education targeted towards AIDS prevention. Methods The respondents were selected from two companies of military training camps in 4 universities in Fengtai District of Beijing using cluster sampling, and a questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information among 1 248 college freshmen. The content of the questionnaire included basic information about the students, awareness of AIDS, and willingness to undergo testing. Results A total of 87.18% students were familiar with AIDS-related knowledge, and 62.98% students intended to have HIV tests in the future. Willingness to be tested for HIV was higher among not local students (67.39%) than among local students(55.65%)(χ²=17.32, P < 0.05). The willingness to get HIV testing was higher among students who had an understanding of AIDS (65.26%) than among those who lacked an awareness(47.50%)(χ²=18.87, P < 0.05). In terms of the willingness to be tested for HIV, the main concerns focused on personal privacy (23.24%) and the cost (18.59%). Multivariate regression analysis showed that improving students' awareness of five of the items related to a basic knowledge of AIDS may increase their willingness to get HIV testing(P < 0.05). Most students indicated a preference to get HIV testing at a hospital (68.51%) or at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(42.79%). Conclusion The willingness to get HIV testing can be increased by launching an AIDS health education program that targets weak knowledge points with respect to AIDS awareness.
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome /
- Cognition /
- Health education /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

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表 1 北京市丰台区大学新生艾滋病相关知识知晓率(n=1 248)

Table 1. Knowledge of AIDS among college freshmen in Fengtai District, Beijing(n=1 248)

艾滋病相关知识	知晓人数	知晓率/%
艾滋病病毒感染者的结婚/就业/入学等权益受我国法律保护	939	75.24
使用新型毒品是否会增加艾滋病感染风险	1 005	80.53
我国青年学生中艾滋病流行形势	1 034	82.85
艾滋病是一种不可治愈的严重传染病	1 044	83.65
日常生活和学习接触是否会感染艾滋病	1 094	87.66
通过外表能判断一个人是否感染了艾滋病	1 133	90.79
坚持使用安全套是否可减少艾滋病传播风险	1 164	93.27
发生高危行为后是否应主动寻求艾滋病检测与咨询	1 221	97.84

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表 2 北京市丰台区不同组别大学新生艾滋病检测意愿比较

Table 2. Comparison of HIV testing willingness among college freshmen from different groups in Fengtai District, Beijing

组别	选项	人数	愿意检测	χ²值	P值
性别	男	543	356(65.56)	2.75	0.10
	女	705	430(60.99)
生源地	本地	469	261(55.65)	17.32	0.00
	外地	779	525(67.39)
艾滋病知识知晓情况	知晓	1 088	710(65.26)	18.87	0.00
	不知晓	160	76(47.50)
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 3 北京市丰台区大学新生艾滋病相关认知对艾滋病检测意愿影响Logistic回归分析(n=1 248)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of the influence of AIDS knowledge on HIV testing willingness of college freshmen Fengtai District, Beijing(n=1 248)

自变量与常量	β值	标准误	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
艾滋病是不可治愈的传染病	0.43	0.16	1.54(1.13~2.09)	0.01
看外表能否判断艾滋病感染	0.61	0.20	1.84(1.23~2.74)	0.00
使用安全套可预防艾滋病	0.48	0.24	1.61(1.00~2.58)	0.05
使用新型毒品可致艾滋病	0.32	0.15	1.38(1.03~1.86)	0.03
艾滋病患者合法权益受保护	0.38	0.14	1.46(1.11~1.92)	0.01
常量	-1.35	0.31	0.26	0.00

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