女童膳食模式与中枢性性早熟的关联

袁静怡; 张功; 王亚; 江伟康; 刘婉旭; 徐玉祥; 孙莹

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.023

女童膳食模式与中枢性性早熟的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.023

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/人口健康与优生安徽重点实验室，合肥 230032
2.
安徽省儿童医院
3.
蚌埠市怀远县白莲坡镇中心小学

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 81872638

安徽省自然基金杰青项目 1908085J26

安徽省卫生健康委科研项目 AHWJ2021b101

详细信息

作者简介:
袁静怡(1996-)，女，安徽亳州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年卫生

通讯作者:
孙莹，E-mail：yingsun@ahmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R 151 R 153.2 R 725.8
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-27
- 修回日期: 2020-10-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-25

Association between dietary patterns and central precocious puberty in girls

1.
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨儿童膳食模式与中枢性性早熟的关联，为性早熟的饮食预防提供科学依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法，选取2019年5—12月在安徽省合肥市某医院初诊为中枢性性早熟的35名女童为病例组，70名青春期发育正常的健康女童为对照组，开展体格发育检查、父母问卷调查和儿童访谈。饮食评估采用简化的食物频率问卷(Food Frequency Questionnaire, FFQ)。使用主成分分析确定儿童膳食模式，通过多元Logistic回归分析膳食模式与性早熟之间的关联。结果识别了3种不同的膳食模式，分别为“零食和加工食品型”“动物蛋白型”和“营养滋补型”膳食模式。校正年龄、体质量指数(BMI)等协变量，Logistic回归分析显示，“零食和加工食品型”膳食模式与性早熟呈正相关(OR=10.81，95%CI=2.59~45.15，P < 0.01)，“动物蛋白型”与性早熟呈负相关(OR=0.24，95%CI=0.06~0.91，P=0.04)，而“营养滋补型”与性早熟间的关联无统计学意义(OR=0.28，95%CI=0.07~1.05，P=0.06)。结论儿童膳食模式与性早熟相关，油炸食品、膨化食品、含防腐剂或色素食品、西式快餐、巧克力及制品等食物摄入水平较高的“零食和加工食品型”膳食模式与中枢性性早熟发生密切关联。
- 饮食习惯 /
- 青春期, 早熟 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and central precocious puberty in children, and to provide a scientific basis for dietary prevention of precocious puberty. Methods A case-control study was conducted, among 35 newly diagnosed central precocious puberty girls from May to December 2019 as the case group, and 70 healthy girls with normal development as the control group. Physical development examination, parent questionnaire survey and child interview were carried out. Dietary information was assessed using a simplified food frequency questionnaire(FFQ). Principal component analysis was used to identify children's dietary patterns, and multiple Logistic regression was used to assess the association between dietary patterns and precocious puberty. Results Three different dietary patterns have been established, namely "snack and processed food type", "animal protein type" and "nutritional tonic type" dietary patterns, respectively. After adjusting for covariates such as age and BMI, Logistic regression analysis showed that the "snack and processed food type" dietary pattern was positively correlated with precocious puberty(OR=10.81, 95%CI=2.59-45.15, P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between "animal protein type" and precocious puberty(OR=0.24, 95%CI=0.06-0.91, P=0.04), while the association between "nutritive tonic" and precocious puberty was not statistically significant(OR=0.28, 95%CI=0.07-1.05, P=0.06). Conclusion Children's dietary patterns were related to precocious puberty." Snack and processed food "dietary pattern with a high intake of fried foods, puffed foods, foods containing preservatives or pigments, western fast foods, chocolate and products, was closely related to central precocious puberty.
- Food habits /
- Puberty, precocious /
- Growth and development /
- Regression analysis /
- Child

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表 1 研究人群中识别的膳食模式的因子载荷矩阵

Table 1. Factor-loading matrix for dietary patterns identified in the study group

食物种类	零食和加工食品型	动物蛋白型	营养滋补型	食物种类	零食和加工食品型	动物蛋白型	营养滋补型
膨化食品	0.82	0.02	-0.14	烟熏烧烤食品	0.46	0.21	0.17
油炸食品	0.77	0.08	-0.05	食物药膳(如荔枝干、桂圆干、枸杞等)	0.29	0.15	0.13
含糖饮料	0.74	0.13	0.11	腌制食品	0.15	0.09	-0.14
乳饮料	0.72	0.06	0.06	白肉(鱼虾、家禽)	0.05	0.87	-0.10
西式快餐	0.67	0.05	0.20	红肉(如猪牛羊肉等)	0.13	0.79	-0.07
含防腐剂/色素食品	0.65	-0.08	0.01	豆类及制品	-0.09	0.60	-0.06
甜食及点心	0.64	0.11	-0.08	动物内脏类	0.14	0.56	0.16
方便食品	0.61	-0.03	-0.03	鱼籽、蟹黄	0.28	0.47	0.06
果蔬类饮料	0.59	0.06	0.24	服用滋补品(如人参、黄芪、冬虫夏草等)	0.18	0.12	0.79
使用塑料制品加热食物	0.52	0.05	-0.11	服用动物滋补品(如蚕蛹、燕窝、旺鸡蛋等)	-0.02	-0.10	0.68
反季节蔬菜水果	0.49	0.07	-0.03	服用儿童保健品(如牛初乳、蛋白等)	0.09	-0.11	0.53
巧克力及制品	0.47	0.23	0.12	植物花粉制剂(如蜂蜜、花粉制剂等)	-0.06	0.17	0.47

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表 2 两组女童膳食模式得分分布比较

Table 2. The distribution of dietary pattern scores in the two groups of girls

组别	人数	零食和加工食品型			动物蛋白型			营养滋补型
组别	人数	低分组	中分组	高分组	低分组	中分组	高分组	低分组	中分组	高分组
对照组	70	26(24.8)	53(50.5)	26(24.8)	26(24.8)	53(50.5)	26(24.8)	26(24.8)	53(50.5)	26(24.8)
性早熟组	35	22(31.4)	39(55.7)	9(12.9)	12(17.1)	40(57.1)	18(25.7)	14(20.0)	35(50.0)	21(30.0)
合计	105	4(11.4)	14(40.0)	17(48.6)	14(40.0)	13(37.1)	8(22.9)	12(34.3)	18(51.4)	5(14.3)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 3 两组女童膳食模式得分比较[M(Q1，Q3)]

Table 3. The dietary pattern scores in the two groups of girls [M(Q1, Q3)]

组别	人数	零食和加工食品型	动物蛋白型	营养滋补型
对照组	70	-2.43(-4.59, 0.81)	0.23(-1.28, 1.51)	-0.24(-0.78, 0.16)
性早熟组	35	2.08(-2.98, 5.85)	-0.74(-2.28, 1.07)	-0.62(-1.02, -0.13)
合计	105	-1.21(-4.19, 2.41)	-0.12(-1.64, 1.47)	-0.38(-0.82, 0.01)
Z值		9.82	4.08	3.12
P值		< 0.01	0.04	0.08

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表 4 膳食模式与女童性早熟的多元Logistic回归分析(n=105)

Table 4. Multivariate Logistical regression for dietary patterns and the diversity of girls' precocious puberty(n=105)

膳食模式依从性	模型1		模型2
膳食模式依从性	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
零食和加工食品型
不依从	1.00		1.00
依从	10.39(2.73~39.56)	< 0.01	10.81(2.59~45.15)	< 0.01
动物蛋白型
不依从	1.00		1.00
依从	0.38(0.12~1.19)	0.10	0.24(0.06~0.91)	0.04
营养滋补型
不依从	1.00		1.00
依从	0.28(0.08~0.96)	0.04	0.28(0.07~1.05)	0.06
注：模型1未调整协变量，模型2调整了年龄、身高、体重、BMI、睡眠时长、出生6个月内喂养方式和家庭月收入。

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