Body mass index changes among children and adolescents in Suzhou before and after COVID-19 outbreak
-
摘要:
目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情前后苏州市儿童青少年体质量指数(BMI)的变化，为促进儿童青少年体质健康提供参考。 方法 2020年6—7月采用分层整群抽样方法，对苏州市2019年完整BMI监测数据的569名儿童青少年进行问卷调查，测量身高、体重，计算BMI及BMI-Z评分。 结果 疫情后儿童青少年超重肥胖检出率(32.0%)与疫情前(31.6%)差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.07，P＞0.05)，不同性别、学段分组显示了类似结果。BMI-Z评分疫情前(0.37±1.28)与疫情后(0.38±1.27)差异无统计学意义(t=-0.28，P＞0.05)，按性别进行分组，疫情前后BMI-Z评分差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05)；按学段分组，小学组疫情后BMI-Z评分(0.45±1.32)较疫情前(0.37±1.35)上升(t=2.57，P=0.01)，中学组疫情后BMI-Z评分(0.27±1.17)较疫情前(0.39±1.18)下降(t=-4.29，P < 0.01)。疫情前与疫情后吃甜食、户外活动的构成差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05)，含糖饮料、油炸食品的食用行为构成差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)，睡眠时间有所提高[(8.52±1.83)(8.05±1.70)]h(t=4.96，P＜0.05)。 结论 新冠肺炎疫情前后，苏州地区儿童青少年BMI水平、超重肥胖率并没有发生明显改变，不同学段稍有差异。仍需针对性加强儿童青少年超重肥胖的干预工作。 Abstract:Objective To explore body mass index (BMI) changes among children and adolescents in Suzhou before and after COVID-19 outbreak, and to provide a reference for improving physical health of children and adolescents. Methods A total of 569 children and adolescents who had complete BMI information in 2019 were enrolled through stratified cluster sampling from June to July, 2020. Questionnaire survey was conducted, and height and weight were measured to calculate BMI and BMI-Z scores. Results After the epidemic, overweight/obesity rate were 32.0%, compared to 31.6% before the epidemic(χ2=0.07, P>0.05). Difference of BMI-Z scores before (0.37±1.28) and after (0.38±1.27) the epidemic did not show statistically significant (t=-0.28, P>0.05), No significant changes in BMI-Z score were found before and affer COVID-19 outbreak similar results were observed (P>0.05), BMI-Z scores after the epidemic (0.45±1.32) was higher than it before the epidemic (0.37±1.35) among primary school group (t=2.57, P=0.01), while BMI-Z scores after the epidemic (0.27±1.17) was lower than it before the epidemic (0.39±1.18) among middle school group (t=-4.29, P < 0.01). Proportion of sweet food consumption and outdoor activities was statistically different before and after the epidemic(P>0.05), proportion of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and fried food intake were statistically different before and after the epidemic (P < 0.05), sleep time after the epidemic (8.52±1.83)h was higher than it before the epidemic (8.05±1.70)h (t=4.96, P < 0.05). Conclusion Before and after COVID-19 outbreak, BMI and overweight/obesity rates are significantly different among children and adolescents in Suzhou, and there is a slight difference in different studying phases. -
Key words:
- Coronavirus /
- Body mass index /
- Growth and development /
- Child /
- Adolescent
-
表 1 不同性别苏州儿童基本指标比较(x±s)
Table 1. Comparison of basic indexes of Suzhou children of different genders (x±s)
性别 人数 年龄/岁 身高/cm 体重/kg BMI/ (kg·m-2) BMI-Z评分 男 284 11.33±3.20 148.40±19.05 45.16±19.19 19.55±4.20 0.64±1.29 女 285 11.28±3.19 144.79±16.05 40.19±14.41 18.51±3.89 0.11±1.23 t值 0.18 2.44 3.49 3.06 4.99 P值 0.86 0.02 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 新冠肺炎疫情前后儿童青少年相关行为分布比较
Table 2. Related behavior changes among children and adolescents before and after COVID-19 epidemic
学段 疫情前后 统计值 甜食 含糖饮料 油炸食品 户外活动/(h·d-1) 从来不吃 每天 < 1次 每天≥1次 从来不喝 每天 < 1次 每天≥1次 从来不吃 每天 < 1次 每天≥1次 ＜1 1~2 >2 小学 疫情前 25(14.5) 129(74.6) 19(11.0) 38(22.0) 129(74.6) 6(3.5) 32(18.5) 131(75.7) 10(5.8) 49(28.3) 70(40.5) 54(31.2) (n=173) 疫情后 22(12.7) 129(74.6) 22(12.7) 51(29.5) 105(60.7) 17(9.8) 58(33.5) 107(61.8) 8(4.6) 34(19.7) 62(35.8) 77(44.5) χ2值 0.41 9.62 10.15 7.23 P值 0.81 0.01 0.01 0.03 中学 疫情前 23(10.5) 159(72.6) 37(16.9) 45(20.5) 159(72.6) 15(6.8) 20(9.1) 188(85.8) 11(5.0) 59 (26.9) 89(40.6) 71(32.4) (n=219) 疫情后 31(14.2) 136(62.1) 52(23.7) 54(24.7) 132(60.3) 33(15.1) 59(26.9) 142(64.8) 18(8.2) 77(35.2) 70(32.0) 72(32.9) χ2值 5.51 10.07 27.36 4.66 P值 0.06 0.01 < 0.01 0.10 合计 疫情前 48(12.2) 288(73.5) 56(14.3) 83(21.2) 288(73.5) 21(5.4) 52(13.3) 319(81.4) 21(5.4) 108(27.6) 159(40.6) 125(31.9) (n=392) 疫情后 53(13.5) 265(67.6) 74(18.9) 105(26.8) 237(60.5) 50(12.8) 117(29.8) 249(63.5) 26(6.6) 111(28.3) 132(33.7) 149(38.0) χ2值 3.70 19.37 34.16 4.65 P值 0.16 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.20 注：()内数字为构成比/%。表中数据存在缺失项。
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 新冠肺炎疫情前后不同性别学段儿童青少年BMI-Z评分比较(x±s)
Table 3. BMI-Z scores changes among children and adolescents before and after COVID-19 epidemic (x±s)
时间 性别 学段 合计(n=569) 男生(n=284) 女生(n=285) 小学(n=345) 中学(n=224) 疫情前 0.64±1.29 0.11±1.23 0.37±1.35 0.39±1.18 0.37±1.28 疫情后 0.63±1.32 0.14±1.16 0.45±1.32 0.27±1.17 0.38±1.27 t值 0.42 -0.78 -2.57 4.29 -0.28 P值 0.68 0.44 0.01 < 0.01 0.78
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 新冠肺炎疫情前后不同性别学段儿童青少年超重肥胖检出率比较
Table 4. Prevalence of overweight/obestiy changes among children and adolescents before and after COVID-19 epidemic
时间 性别 学段 合计(n=569) 男生(n=284) 女生(n=285) 小学(n=345) 中学(n=224) 疫情前 114(40.1) 66(23.2) 109(31.6) 71(31.7) 180(31.6) 疫情后 118(41.5) 64(22.5) 116(33.6) 66(29.5) 182(32.0) t值 0.47 0.20 1.49 1.19 0.07 P值 0.61 0.82 0.30 0.38 0.89 注：()内数字为检出率/%。
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 中国疾病预防控制中心新型冠状病毒肺炎应急响应机制流行病学组. 新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学特征分析[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 41(2): 145-151. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZRSZ202005006.htmEpidemiology Working Group for NCIP Epidemic Response, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2020, 41(2): 145-151. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZRSZ202005006.htm [2] 郭岩, 黄旸木, 黄捷, 等. 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的全球流行现状和其对中国的影响及政策建议[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 41(5): 642-647.GUO Y, HUANG Y M, HUANG J, et al. COVID-19 pandemic: global epidemiological trends and China's subsequent preparedness and responses[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2020, 41(5): 642-647. [3] RUNDLE A G, PARK Y, HERBSTMAN J B, et al. COVID-19 related school closings and risk of weight gain among children[J]. Obesity, 2020, 28(6): 1008-1009. doi: 10.1002/oby.22813 [4] 国家卫生健康委员会办公厅. 关于印发2019年全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案的通知[EB/OL]. [2019-03-22]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5898bm/201903/1bcbac21e1864377ad24984fac014c7d.shtml.General Office of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Notice of 2019 national monitoring and intervention work plan of common diseases and health influencing factors of students[EB/OL]. [2019-03-22]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5898bm/201903/1bcbac21e1864377ad24984fac014c7d.shtml. [5] 胡佳, 沈明珠, 施冰, 等. 苏州市儿童青少年体质量指数腰围腰高比与血压偏高的关系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(7): 1044-1046, 1051. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.07.024HU J, SHEN M Z, SHI B, et al. Relationship between high blood pressure and body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio among children and adolescents in Suzhou[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(7): 1044-1046, 1051. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.07.024 [6] 国家卫生健康委员会. 学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查WS/T 586-2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018.National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. Screening for overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents WS/T 586-2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2018. [7] DE ONIS M, ONYANGO A W, BORGHI E, et al. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents[J]. Bull World Health Organ, 2007, 85(9): 660-667. doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.043497 [8] VON HIPPEL P T, WORKMAN J. From kindergarten through second grade, U.S. children's obesity prevalence grows only during summer vacations[J]. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2016, 24(11): 2296-2300. doi: 10.1002/oby.21613 [9] BARANOWSKI T, O'CONNOR T, JOHNSTON C, et al. School year versus summer differences in child weight gain: a narrative review[J]. Child Obes, 2014, 10(1): 18-24. doi: 10.1089/chi.2013.0116 [10] RUIZ-ROSO M B, DE CARVALHO PADILHA P, MANTILLA-ESCALANTE D C, et al. COVID-19 confinement and changes of adolescent's dietary trends in Italy, Spain, Chile, Colombia and Brazil[J]. Nutrients, 2020, 12(6): 1807. doi: 10.3390/nu12061807 [11] 江苏省教育厅. 我省明确开学时间[EB/OL]. [2020-03-21]. http://jyt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2020/3/21/art_58320_9022225.html.Jiangsu Education Department. Our province has a clear time of school opening[EB/OL]. [2020-03-21]. http://jyt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2020/3/21/art_58320_9022225.html. [12] 杨连建, 刁华, 李婷, 等. 重庆沙坪坝中小学生睡眠时间与超重肥胖的相关性分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020, 47(11): 1980-1984. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202011017.htmYANG L J, DIAO H, LI T, et al. Correlation between sleep duration and overweight-obesity among primary and middle school students, Shapingba, Chongqing[J]. Modern Prev Med, 2020, 47(11): 1980-1984. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202011017.htm [13] 敖洪, 任德利, 韦拥军. 新冠肺炎疫情期间重庆市主城区中小学生居家体育锻炼现状[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(8): 1155-1157. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.08.010AO H, REN D L, WEI Y J. At-home physical exercise among primary and middle school students in Chongqing City during the period of coronavirus outbreak[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(8): 1155-1157. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.08.010 -
点击查看大图
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 620
- HTML全文浏览量: 358
- PDF下载量: 74
- 被引次数: 0
