大学生10岁前心理攻击和体罚对焦虑及健康危险行为的影响

鞠文静; 朱立婉; 王苗; 王哲; 马龙; 崔晶; 王忆军

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.021

大学生10岁前心理攻击和体罚对焦虑及健康危险行为的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.021

鞠文静¹,
朱立婉²,
王苗³,
王哲⁴,
马龙⁵,
崔晶⁶,
王忆军^1, ,

1.
哈尔滨医科大学儿童少年卫生和妇幼保健学教研室，黑龙江 150081
2.
中山大学公共卫生学院
3.
深圳市宝安区福永人民医院怀德社区健康服务中心
4.
长春市妇产医院
5.
齐齐哈尔医学院附属第一医院
6.
大连市妇幼保健院

详细信息

作者简介:
鞠文静(1994-)，女，黑龙江宾县，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童心理卫生

通讯作者:
王忆军，E-mail: wyjyjs@126.com

中图分类号: G 444 B 844.2
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- 文章访问数: 485
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- PDF下载量: 40
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-11
- 修回日期: 2020-11-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-25

Effects of the psychological aggression and corporal punishment college students experienced before the age of 10 on anxiety and health related risky behaviors

JU Wenjing¹,
ZHU Liwan²,
WANG Miao³,
WANG Zhe⁴,
MA Long⁵,
CUI Jing⁶,
WANG Yijun^{1
, ,}

1.
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin (150081), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨10岁及以前心理攻击和体罚经历对大学生焦虑状态和健康危险行为的影响，为大学生的心理健康教育指导提供依据。方法 2019年4—5月，方便抽取哈尔滨市2所大学部分专业的大一和大二年级全体2 150名学生进行问卷调查，内容包括一般信息调查、亲子冲突解决策略量表(CTSPC)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及健康相关危险行为量表(AHRBI)。结果 10岁及以前遭受过心理攻击和体罚的大学生报告率分别为80.05%和58.37%。男生、非独生子女的体罚检出率分别高于女生和独生子女(P值均 < 0.05)。10岁及以前遭受过父母心理攻击和体罚的大学生焦虑状态和健康危险行为6个维度的检出率均高于未经历过心理攻击和体罚的大学生，差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，心理攻击、居住地、体罚和独生子女对大学生焦虑有影响(OR值分别为1.85，1.53，1.49，1.34)；心理攻击和居住地对大学生健康妥协行为有影响(OR值分别为1.60，1.26)；心理攻击、性别、体罚和独生子女对大学生暴力攻击行为有影响(OR值分别为1.75，1.66，1.63，1.28)；体罚对大学生自杀自残行为有影响(OR=3.44)；性别和体罚对大学生吸烟饮酒行为有影响(OR值分别为2.67和2.25)；体罚和心理攻击对大学生破坏纪律行为有影响(OR值分别为1.88和1.55)；体罚、性别和家庭收入对大学生无保护性行为有影响(OR值分别为4.51，1.91，0.62)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论 10岁及以前遭受父母心理攻击和体罚经历对大学生焦虑及健康危险行为存在消极影响。
- 精神卫生 /
- 虐待 /
- 危险行为 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To provide a basis for college students' mental health education and guidance, the impact of psychological aggression and corporal punishment college students experienced before the age of 10 on anxiety and health risk behaviors was explored. Methods In April and May 2019, the convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among all the freshman and sophomore students of some majors in two universities in Harbin, including a total of 2 150 students. The contents of the questionnaire included general information survey, Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Adolescent Health related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI). Results The percentage of college students who suffered psychological aggression and corporal punishment before the age of 10 was 80.05% and 58.37%. The detection rate of corporal punishment in boys and non-only child was significantly higher than that in girls and only child (P < 0.05). The students who experienced psychological aggression and corporal punishment before the age of 10 had higher detection rates of anxiety state and six subscales of health risk behaviors than those who didn't experienced those (P < 0.05). The Logistic regression analysis showed that, psychological aggression, place of residence, corporal punishment, and only child were positively associated with college students' anxiety state (OR=1.85, 1.53, 1.49, 1.34). The Logistic regression analysis showed that, psychological aggression, place of residence were positively associated with college students' health-compromising behaviors (OR=1.60, 1.26). Psychological aggression, gender factors, corporal punishment, and only child all influenced college students' aggression and violence behavior (OR=1.75, 1.66, 1.63, 1.28). Corporal punishment influenced college students' suicide and self-injury behavior (OR=3.44). Gender factors and corporal punishment all influenced college students' smoking and drinking behavior (OR=2.67, 2.25).Corporal punishment and psychological aggression were positively associated with college students' rule breaking behavior (OR=1.88, 1.55). Corporal punishment, gender factors, and family income all influenced college students' unprotected sexual behavior (OR=4.51, 1.91, 0.62). Conclusion Parental psychological aggression and corporal punishment college students experienced during childhood have a negative impact on their anxiety and health risk behaviors.
- Mental health /
- Torture /
- Dangerous behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

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表 1 不同人口统计学特征大学生童年期遭受心理攻击和体罚的检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of psychological aggression and corporal punishment among college students with different demographic characteristics in childhood

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	心理攻击			体罚
人口统计学指标	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 179	926(78.5)	3.70	0.05	712(60.4)	4.38	0.04
	女	971	795(81.9)			543(55.9)
居住地	农村	781	393(50.3)	2.65	0.10	473(60.6)	2.42	0.12
	城市	1 369	639(46.7)			782(57.1)
是否独生子女	是	1 379	652(47.3)	0.80	0.37	775(56.2)	7.47	0.01
	否	771	380(49.3)			480(62.3)
家庭月收入/元	< 4 000	607	300(49.4)	2.29	0.32	356(58.6)	10.41	0.01
	4 001~8 000	853	417(48.9)			528(61.9)
	>8 001	690	315(45.7)			371(53.8)
父亲文化程度	初中及以下	741	604(81.5)	7.80	0.02	448(60.5)	7.88	0.02
	高中	689	565(82.0)			417(60.5)
	本科及以上	720	552(76.7)			390(54.2)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	886	738(83.3)	13.08	< 0.01	557(62.9)	23.70	< 0.01
	高中	686	546(79.6)			408(59.5)
	本科及以上	578	437(75.6)			290(50.2)
父亲职业	个体、商业、服务业	600	477(79.5)	8.41	0.14	368(61.3)	10.00	0.08
	农民	368	312(84.8)			221(60.1)
	专业技术	225	181(80.4)			117(52.0)
	机关事业单位	454	364(80.2)			272(59.9)
	企业	213	165(77.5)			112(52.6)
	其他	290	222(76.6)			165(56.9)
母亲职业	个体、商业、服务业	604	491(81.3)	4.66	0.46	362(59.9)	7.28	0.20
	农民	380	311(81.8)			220(57.9)
	专业技术	139	106(76.3)			67(48.2)
	机关事业单位	425	339(79.8)			249(58.6)
	企业	182	138(75.8)			104(57.1)
	其他	420	336(80.0)			253(60.2)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 大学生焦虑状态及影响因素的Logistic回归分析(n=2 150)

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of college students' anxiety state and influencing factors(n=2 150)

自变量与常量	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
心理攻击	0.62	0.21	8.39	< 0.01	1.85(1.22~2.81)
居住地	0.49	0.14	12.49	< 0.01	1.53(1.17~2.00)
体罚	0.36	0.11	10.61	0.01	1.49(1.12~1.99)
是否独生子女	0.25	0.10	6.70	0.04	1.34(1.01~1.77)
常量	-2.93	0.23	167.04	< 0.01	0.05

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表 3 10岁及之前是否遭受心理攻击与体罚大学生健康危险行为检出率比较

Table 3. Comparison of the incidence of health risk behaviors among college students whether they suffered psychological aggression and corporal punishment at the age of 10 and before

心理攻击与体罚		人数	统计值	健康妥协	暴力攻击	自残自杀	吸烟饮酒	破坏纪律	无保护性行为
心理攻击	有	1 721		905(52.6)	733(42.6)	192(11.2)	279(16.2)	541(31.4)	74(4.3)
	无	429		175(40.8)	109(25.4)	17(14.0)	39(9.1)	74(17.2)	6(1.4)
			χ²值	19.10	42.56	20.25	13.82	33.84	8.07
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
体罚	有	1 255		668(53.2)	574(45.7)	170(13.5)	236(18.8)	438(39.4)	69(5.5)
	无	895		412(46.0)	268(29.9)	39(4.4)	82(9.2)	177(19.8)	11(1.2)
			χ²值	10.81	54.69	50.26	38.54	58.51	26.58
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 4 大学生健康危险行为影响因素的Logistic回归分析(n=2 150)

Table 4. Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors of college students' health risk behaviors(n=2 150)

因变量	自变量与常量	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
健康妥协	心理攻击	0.47	0.11	18.24	< 0.01	1.60(1.29~1.98)
	居住地	0.23	0.09	6.38	0.01	1.26(1.05~1.50)
	常量	-0.45	0.10	18.99	< 0.01	0.64
暴力攻击	心理攻击	0.56	0.14	16.91	< 0.01	1.75(1.34~2.28)
	性别	0.51	0.09	30.48	< 0.01	1.66(1.39~1.99)
	体罚	0.49	0.10	22.46	0.03	1.63(1.33~2.00)
	是否独生子女	0.25	0.10	6.70	0.01	1.28(1.06~1.55)
	常量	-1.64	0.14	130.85	< 0.01	0.19
自杀自残	体罚	1.24	0.18	45.39	< 0.01	3.44(2.40~4.93)
	常量	-3.09	0.16	355.85	< 0.01	0.05
吸烟饮酒	性别	0.98	0.14	50.89	< 0.01	2.67(2.04~3.49)
	体罚	0.81	0.14	34.38	< 0.01	2.25(1.71~2.94)
	常量	-0.90	0.15	362.54	< 0.01	0.06
破坏纪律	体罚	0.63	0.11	30.97	< 0.01	1.88(1.50~2.34)
	心理攻击	0.44	0.15	8.29	< 0.01	1.55(1.15~2.09)
	常量	-1.67	0.13	165.02	< 0.01	0.19
无保护性行为	体罚	1.51	0.33	21.06	< 0.01	4.51(2.37~8.59)
	性别	0.65	0.25	6.67	0.01	1.91(1.17~3.11)
	家庭收入	-0.48	0.16	9.58	< 0.01	0.62(0.45~0.84)
	常量	-3.85	0.44	75.92	< 0.01	0.02

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