新冠肺炎疫情期间中小学生亲子冲突及其应对

陈永香; 崔丽蓉; 刘丽; 卢富荣

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.019

新冠肺炎疫情期间中小学生亲子冲突及其应对

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.019

山西大学教育科学学院，太原 030006

基金项目:

山西省高等学校哲学社会科学项目 2020zsszwtkt003

详细信息

作者简介:
陈永香(1984-)，女，湖南湘潭人，博士，副教授，主要方向为儿童语言与社会性发展

中图分类号: G 78 B 844.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-07
- 修回日期: 2021-01-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-25

Parent-child conflict among primary and middle school students during the COVID-19 epidemic and its countermeasures

School of Education Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan(030006), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解考察新冠肺炎疫情期间中小学生及家长的亲子冲突状况，为促进疫情期间家庭和谐与儿童青少年心理健康水平提供参考。方法于2020年3月中旬采用问卷星对12 711名中小学生家长进行网络匿名调查，考察其在新冠疫情期间的情绪反应、应对方式以及亲子冲突频率和年级发展趋势。结果亲子冲突按发生率大小依次是情绪对立(62.3%)、言语冲突(52.6%)和身体冲突(20.5%)。38.1%的家长和23.6%的学生出现了焦虑、愤怒等负性情绪，且学生的应对方式比家长更单一。77.9%的家庭报告存在不同程度的亲子冲突，主要由孩子的学习问题(45.6%)、日常安排(22.1%)和电子产品使用(10.2%)等引起。和去年相比，31.4%的家庭报告最近1个月亲子冲突频率增多。结论亲子冲突在中小学生家庭中普遍存在，并受到疫情等应激因素影响。建议加强有关的心理健康教育和心理援助工作。
- 冠状病毒属 /
- 亲子关系 /
- 冲突(心理学) /
- 精神卫生 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate parent-child conflict among primary and secondary school students and their parents, and to promote family harmony and mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An anonymous online survey was completed by 12 711 parents of primary and middle school students during mid-March, 2020. Emotional translation, coping style, parent-child conflict were collected and analyzed by grade. Results The incidence of parent-child conflict was emotional opposition (62.3%), verbal conflict (52.6%) and physical conflict (20.5%), respectively. About 38.1% of parents and 23.6% of students experienced negative emotions, such as anxiety and anger, and the students used coping styles that were more uniform than those of their parents. About 77.9% of families reported that they experienced different levels of parent-child conflict, which was mainly caused by child learning difficulties(45.6%), daily arrangements(22.1%), and the use of electronic devices(10.2%); compared with the previous year, about 31.4% of families reported an increase in the frequency of parent-child conflicts in the last month. Conclusion Parent-child conflict is highly prevalent in the families of primary and middle school students, and such conflicts were affected by stress-related factors, which included COVID-19. It's necessary to improve the provision of relevant mental health education and psychological assistance.
- Coronavirus /
- Parent-child relations /
- Conflict (Psychology) /
- Mental health /
- Students

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图 1 新冠肺炎疫情期间中小学生家长的情绪状况(左)和应对方式(右)

Figure 1. Emotional status (left) and coping style (right) of parents of primary and middle school students during the COVID-19 epidemic

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图 2 新冠肺炎疫情期间中小学生情绪状况(左)和应对方式(右)

Figure 2. Emotional status (left) and coping style (right) of primary and middle school students during the COVID-19 epidemic

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表 1 新冠肺炎疫情期间不同年级与性别中小学生亲子冲突频率比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of the frequency of parent-child conflicts between primary and secondary school students of different grades and genders during the new crown pneumonia epidemic(x±s)

组别		人数	统计值	身体冲突	言语冲突	情绪对立
年级	一	1 272		0.5±0.7	0.9±0.8	1.0±0.7
	二	1 277		0.4±0.7	0.8±0.8	1.0±0.7
	三	978		0.4±0.7	0.9±0.9	1.1±0.9
	四	1 104		0.3±0.6	0.8±0.8	1.0±0.9
	五	816		0.3±0.6	0.8±0.9	0.9±0.9
	六	922		0.3±0.6	0.8±0.9	1.0±0.9
	七	1 504		0.3±0.6	0.8±0.9	0.9±0.9
	八	1 011		0.2±0.5	0.7±0.8	0.8±0.9
	九	1 094		0.1±0.5	0.6±0.8	0.7±0.9
	十	1 055		0.1±0.4	0.6±0.8	0.7±0.8
	十一	825		0.1±0.3	0.4±0.6	0.5±0.7
	十二	924		0.1±0.3	0.4±0.6	0.5±0.7
			F值	62.9	43.4	47.2
性别	女	6 531		0.2±0.5	0.7±0.8	0.8±0.8
	男	6 144		0.3±0.6	0.8±0.8	0.9±0.9
			t值	-9.1	-5.9	-7.3
注：P值均 < 0.01。

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表 2 新冠肺炎疫情期间不同亲子冲突中小学生家庭特点比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of family characteristics of primary and secondary school students in different parent-child conflicts during the COVID-19 epidemic(x±s)

组别	人数	孩子的成绩水平	家长文化程度
冲突未增多	8 720	2.59±0.84	2.00±0.93
冲突增多	3 991	2.46±0.85	2.08±0.92
t值		8.12	-4.15
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01

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