童年期目睹家庭暴力频率与大学生生活质量的关联

张国宝; 李玲; 张世云; 苏普玉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.017

童年期目睹家庭暴力频率与大学生生活质量的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.017

张国宝^{1, 2},
李玲¹,
张世云¹,
苏普玉^2, ,

1.
安徽省合肥市肥东县妇幼保健计划生育服务中心儿童保健科，231600
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 81874268

详细信息

作者简介:
张国宝(1993-)，男，安徽肥东人，硕士，医师，主要研究方向为儿童神经心理发育和青少年卫生

通讯作者:
苏普玉，E-mail：supuyu@ahmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: G 444 B 844.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-21
- 修回日期: 2020-12-14
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-25

Association between the frequency of domestic violence witness in childhood and the quality of life of college students

ZHANG Guobao^{1, 2},
LI Ling¹,
ZHANG Shiyun¹,
SU Puyu^{2
, ,}

1.
Department of Childen Healthcare, Feidong Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, Hefei (231600), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨童年期目睹家庭暴力频率对大学生生活质量的影响，为提高童年期目睹家庭暴力发生的大学生生活质量水平提供参考。方法 2018年10月，采用分层整群抽样的方法，选取安徽省合肥市4所高校4 034名大学生作为研究对象。采用国外冲突策略问卷简版和WHO生活质量评价量表简表评估大学生童年期目睹家庭暴力和生活质量状况。采用多元线性回归模型分析大学生童年期目睹家庭暴力频率与生活质量关联。结果大学生生活质量的主观评估、健康主观评估、生理、心理、社会关系、环境维度得分分别为(14.06±3.25)(13.42±3.47)(12.61±2.02)(14.09±2.62)(13.72±2.71)(13.77±2.46)分。多元线性回归模型结果显示，童年期目睹家庭暴力总体与大学生生活质量各维度得分呈负相关(P值均＜0.01)。除童年期有时目睹家庭重度躯体暴力与生活质量健康主观评估及环境维度相关性无统计学意义外，大学生童年期目睹家庭暴力频率与生活质量各维度均呈负相关(P值均＜0.05)。结论童年期目睹家庭暴力频率会降低大学生生活质量，探索有效的预防和干预童年期目睹家庭暴力的方案是必要的。
- 家庭暴力 /
- 生活质量 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the association of the frequency of domestic violence witness in childhood with the quality of life (QOL) of college students, and to provide a reference for improving the quality of life of students who domestic violence witness in childhood. Methods In October 2018, a total of 4 034 college students from four universities in Hefei, Anhui Province, were selected to participate in this study. The Conflict Tactics Scales Short Form (CTS2SF) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to assess the effect of witnessing domestic violence in childhood on the QOL of college students. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the different frequencies of witnessing domestic violence in childhood and the QOL of college students. Results The mean scores of the subjective assessment of QOL, health subjective assessment, physiology, psychology, social relationships, and environment were (14.06±3.25) (13.42±3.47) (12.61±2.02) (14.09±2.62) (13.72±2.71) (13.77±2.46), respectively. The multiple linear regression model showed that, witnessing domestic violence in childhood was negatively correlated with the QOL of college students (P < 0.01). Although occasional expose to severe family violence in childhood was not associated with the health subjective assessment and the environmental dimensions, the different frequencies of witnessing domestic violence in childhood were negatively correlated with the QOL of college students (P < 0.05). Conclusion Frequency of domestic violence witness in childhood is associated with the mean scores of the QOL of college students. It is necessary to explore effective prevention and intervention programs for exposure to domestic violence in childhood.
- Domestic violence /
- Quality of life /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

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表 1 不同组别大学生生活质量得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of different groups of the quality of life scores by college students(x±s)

组别	选项	人数	统计值	生理	心理	社会关系	环境	生活质量主观评估	健康主观评估
性别	男	2 342		12.60±2.06	14.15±2.70	13.62±2.87	13.86±2.55	14.04±3.38	13.42±3.55
	女	1 692		12.63±1.98	14.01±2.49	13.87±2.45	13.64±2.31	14.10±3.06	13.41±3.36
			t值	-0.58	1.64	-2.93	2.82	-0.58	0.07
			P值	0.64	0.10	< 0.01	0.01	0.56	0.94
专业	工学	1 001		12.78±2.01	14.36±2.64	13.89±2.81	14.25±2.48	14.39±3.27	13.62±3.56
	理学	996		12.66±2.02	14.00±2.51	13.67±2.47	13.36±2.36	13.89±3.21	13.44±3.46
	农学	1 034		12.56±2.01	14.10±2.58	13.55±2.70	13.64±2.39	13.82±3.27	13.30±3.49
	医学	1 003		12.45±2.05	13.92±2.71	13.79±2.83	13.81±2.51	14.15±3.23	13.31±3.38
			F值	4.87	5.74	3.10	23.37	6.37	1.89
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.03	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.13
性格	内向	1 323		12.06±1.99	13.32±2.58	13.02±2.64	13.28±2.32	13.35±3.27	12.72±3.48
	中性	1 506		12.66±1.97	14.14±2.48	13.73±2.61	13.75±2.42	14.02±3.10	13.44±3.27
	外向	1 205		13.16±1.97	14.89±2.57	14.49±2.69	14.32±2.53	14.90±3.22	14.15±3.56
			F值	97.71	120.93	98.37	58.96	74.72	54.77
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
家庭经济条件	差	1 064		12.13±3.68	13.45±2.78	13.23±2.74	13.07±2.51	13.06±3.62	12.82±3.68
	中等	2 686		12.75±1.95	14.27±2.48	13.84±2.63	13.93±2.35	14.33±2.97	13.58±3.31
	好	284		13.10±2.24	14.81±2.81	14.53±3.02	14.85±2.56	15.31±3.45	14.13±3.88
			F值	45.41	50.42	33.17	78.46	84.40	24.54
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
母亲文化程度	小学及以下	1 727		12.51±1.97	13.91±2.57	13.50±2.63	13.50±2.34	13.77±3.27	13.27±3.36
	中学	1 889		12.68±2.03	14.22±2.62	13.91±2.70	13.91±2.50	14.22±3.21	13.49±3.56
	大专及以上	418		12.73±2.21	14.25±2.73	13.81±2.95	14.20±2.59	14.56±3.27	13.67±3.52
			F值	3.68	7.22	10.40	19.56	14.40	3.09
			P值	0.03	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.05
父亲文化程度	小学及以下	862		12.48±2.03	13.81±2.65	13.55±2.62	13.45±2.36	13.65±3.47	13.16±3.44
	中学	2 487		12.63±1.99	14.14±2.60	13.76±2.70	13.77±2.46	14.05±3.17	13.46±3.44
	大专及以上	685		12.69±2.14	14.29±2.62	13.82±2.84	14.13±2.52	14.62±3.20	13.57±3.64
			F值	2.53	7.42	2.50	14.90	17.15	3.24
			P值	0.08	< 0.01	0.08	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.04
自评相貌	理想	755		13.03±2.15	14.97±2.76	14.31±3.03	14.12±2.74	14.63±3.60	14.10±3.69
	一般	2 817		12.66±1.90	14.12±2.40	13.75±2.53	13.83±2.32	14.15±3.01	13.50±3.28
	不理想	462		11.63±2.21	12.46±2.89	12.57±2.87	12.77±2.54	12.63±3.65	11.80±3.67
			F值	73.44	142.34	61.39	48.43	58.92	67.41
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
合计		4 034		12.61±2.02	14.09±2.62	13.72±2.71	13.77±2.46	14.06±3.25	13.42±3.47

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表 2 童年期目睹家庭暴力不同频率大学生生活质量得分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of quality of life scores by college students with different frequency of witnessing domestic violence in childhood(x±s)

家庭暴力	频率	人数	统计值	生理	心理	社会关系	环境	生活质量主观评估	健康主观评估
轻度躯体暴力	没有	3 131		12.74±2.02	14.31±2.60	13.88±2.74	13.94±2.47	14.30±3.22	13.63±3.45
	偶尔	748		12.27±1.93	13.47±2.41	13.19±2.49	13.22±2.25	13.36±3.12	12.79±3.39
	有时	80		11.69±1.95	12.85±2.81	13.05±2.44	12.78±2.28	12.65±2.95	11.90±3.49
	经常	75		11.66±2.32	12.65±3.20	13.08±3.05	12.82±2.80	12.64±4.16	12.21±3.88
			F值	22.71	35.61	16.51	25.97	27.78	20.68
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
重度躯体暴力	没有	3 603		12.69±2.00	14.21±2.57	13.82±2.70	12.86±2.44	14.22±3.18	13.53±3.42
	偶尔	348		12.06±2.06	13.17±2.69	12.90±2.57	13.09±2.34	12.94±3.39	12.61±3.75
	有时	51		11.56±2.25	12.89±3.04	12.94±2.72	12.81±2.23	12.39±3.69	12.39±3.69
	经常	32		10.97±2.44	12.38±3.61	12.50±3.28	12.27±3.23	11.88±4.82	11.13±4.16
			F值	22.51	25.72	16.18	17.18	26.23	13.76
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
情感暴力	没有	2 920		12.76±2.02	14.33±2.60	13.93±2.75	13.96±2.51	14.32±3.25	13.68±3.46
	偶尔	794		12.43±1.90	13.68±2.38	13.28±2.46	13.40±2.21	13.62±3.04	13.03±3.24
	有时	165		11.85±2.02	12.81±2.78	13.08±2.37	12.88±2.07	12.73±3.25	11.68±3.70
	经常	155		11.56±2.11	13.00±2.89	12.83±2.95	12.91±2.47	13.03±3.59	12.21±3.73
			F值	29.68	38.44	21.58	25.58	25.83	29.61
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01

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表 3 童年期目睹家庭暴力频率与大学生生活质量关联的多元线性回归模型分析[B值(B值95%CI)，n=4 034]

Table 3. Multiple linear regression of the frequency of witnessing domestic violence in childhood on quality of life by college students[B(95%CI), n=4 304]

自变量	选项	生理	心理	社会关系	环境	生活质量主观评估	健康主观评估
轻度躯体	偶尔	-0.32(-0.46~-0.18)^**	-0.63(-0.82~-0.45)^**	-0.58(-0.73~-0.33)^**	-0.54(-0.72~-0.36)^**	-0.75(-0.99~-0.50)^**	-0.66(-0.92~-0.39)^**
暴力	有时	-0.73(-1.12~-0.34)^**	-1.05(-1.56~-0.53)^**	-0.64(-0.86~-0.47)^*	-0.81(-1.31~-0.30)^**	-1.24(-1.91~-0.57)^**	-1.37(-2.10~-0.63)^**
	经常	-0.63(-1.04~-0.22)^**	-1.10(-1.63~-0.57)^**	-0.68(-0.93~-0.55)^*	0.66(-1.18~-0.14)^*	-1.14(-1.84~-0.45)^**	-0.94(-1.70~-0.18)^*
	总体	-0.38(-0.51~-0.25)^**	-0.71(-0.88~-0.54)^**	-0.51(-0.70~-0.33)^**	-0.58(-0.74~-0.40)^**	-0.83(-1.05~-0.60)^**	-0.74(-0.99~-0.49)^**
重度躯体	偶尔	-0.38(-0.58~-0.18)^**	-0.73(-0.98~-0.47)^**	-0.80(-1.29~-0.36)^**	-0.49(-0.74~-0.24)^**	-0.98(-1.31~-0.64)^**	-0.64(-1.00~-0.27)^**
暴力	有时	-0.62(-1.11~-0.13)^*	-0.70(-1.34~-0.05)^*	-0.74(-1.21~-0.06)^*	-0.53(-1.16~0.10)	-1.26(-2.10~-0.41)^**	-0.64(-1.55~0.28)
	经常	-0.93(-1.55~-0.31)^**	-0.88(-1.69~-0.07)^*	-1.03(-1.83~-0.09)^*	-0.86(-1.65~-0.06)^*	-1.43(-2.49~-0.37)^**	-1.55(-2.71~-0.40)^**
	总体	-0.45(-0.63~-0.27)^**	-0.73(-0.97~-0.50)^**	-0.63(-0.88~-0.37)^**	-0.52(-0.75~-0.29)^**	-1.04(-1.35~-0.74)^**	-0.70(-1.04~-0.37)^**
情感暴力	偶尔	-0.32(-0.46~-0.18)^**	-0.63(-0.81~-0.44)^**	-0.60(-0.80~-0.40)^**	-0.50(-0.68~-0.32)^**	-0.66(-0.90~-0.42)^**	-0.61(-0.87~-0.35)^**
	有时	-0.57(-0.85~-0.30)^**	-1.08(-1.45~-0.72)^**	-0.51(-0.90~-0.11)^*	-0.71(-1.06~-0.35)^**	-1.17(-1.65~-0.69)^**	-1.61(-2.13~-1.10)^**
	经常	-0.96(-1.24~-0.67)^**	-1.02(-1.39~-0.64)^**	-0.89(-1.30~-0.48)^**	-0.77(-1.14~-0.41)^**	-1.01(-1.50~-0.52)^**	-1.19(-1.72~-0.66)^**
	总体	-0.45(-0.57~-0.32)^**	-0.75(-0.91~-0.59)^**	-0.63(-0.80~-0.45)^**	-0.57(-0.73~-0.41)^**	-0.78(-0.99~-0.57)^**	-0.83(-1.06~-0.60)^**
注：P＜0.01，*P＜0.05。

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