中学生健康危险行为与心理健康状况的关系

王丹; 高煜; 郑晓萌; 陈芸; 侯雅楠; 郑文贵

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.013

中学生健康危险行为与心理健康状况的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.05.013

王丹^{1, 2},
高煜^{2, 3},
郑晓萌^{1, 2},
陈芸^{2, 3},
侯雅楠^{1, 2},
郑文贵^{2, 3, ,}

1.
潍坊医学院管理学院，山东 261053
2.
“健康山东”重大社会风险预测与治理协同创新中心
3.
潍坊医学院公共卫生学院

基金项目:

教育部人文社科基金项目 14YJA630098

山东省自然科学基金项目 ZR2011GM005

详细信息

作者简介:
王丹(1992-)，女，山东潍坊人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为卫生政策

通讯作者:
郑文贵，E-mail：wgzheng@wfmc.edu.cn

中图分类号: G 444 R 844.2 G 478
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- 文章访问数: 553
- HTML全文浏览量: 210
- PDF下载量: 117
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-24
- 修回日期: 2021-02-03
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-25

Relationship between health risk behaviors and mental health of middle school students

WANG Dan^{1, 2},
GAO Yu^{2, 3},
ZHENG Xiaomeng^{1, 2},
CHEN Yun^{2, 3},
HOU Yanan^{1, 2},
ZHENG Wengui^{2, 3
, ,}

1.
School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang (261053), Shandong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解潍坊市中学生心理健康现状，分析中学生健康危险行为对心理健康状况的影响，为改善潍坊市中学生的心理健康状况及有效预防心理健康问题的产生提供参考依据。方法采用课题组编制的基本情况调查表和Kessler 10(K10)量表，对分层随机整群抽取的潍坊市3 185名中学生展开调查，应用χ²检验、二元Logistic回归等方法进行统计学分析。结果潍坊市中学生心理健康状况良好的有1 634名(51.3%)，一般854名(26.8%)，较差394名(12.4%)，差303名(9.5%)；睡眠时间、吸烟情况等是中学生心理健康状况的影响因素(P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，相较于睡眠时间＜8 h的中学生，睡眠时间≥8 h的中学生心理健康状况更好(OR=0.36)；相较于不吸烟的中学生，吸烟的中学生心理健康状况较差(OR=3.53)。结论健康危险行为与中学生心理健康状况密切相关。有关部门应加强健康生活方式的教育及宣传力度，密切关注健康危险行为与心理健康状况之间的影响。
- 危险行为 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand mental health status of middle school students in Weifang, and to analyze its association with health risk behaviors, and to provide a reference basis for the effective prevention of mental health problems. Methods Using the self-designed questionnaire and Kessler l0 (K10), a total of 3 185 middle school students in Weifang selected by using stratified clustered sampling were investigated. Chi-square test and binary Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the middle school students in Weifang, 1 634(51.3%) reported good mental health, 854(26.8%) in moderate level, 394(12.4%) reported poor mental health, and 303(9.5%) reported very poor mental health. Sleep duration and smoking were associated with mental health of middle school students (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that, compared with adolescents with sleep duration less than 8 h, mental health among students whose sleep duration ≥8 h was better(OR=0.36); compared with non-smokers, students who smoked showed worse mental health status (OR=3.53). Conclusion Health-risk behaviors are closely related to mental health of middle school students. Relevant departments should strengthen education and publicity of healthy lifestyles, and pay close attention to the impact of health risk behaviors on mental health.
- Dangerous behavior /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students

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表 1 不同组别中学生心理健康状况分布比较

Table 1. Mental health status of middle school students with different demographic characteristics

组别	选项	人数	良好	一般	较差	差	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 487	752(50.6)	408(27.4)	171(11.5)	156(10.5)	5.21	0.16
	女	1 698	882(51.9)	446(26.3)	223(13.1)	147(8.7)	180.94	＜0.01
学段	初中	1 597	998(62.5)	374(23.4)	129(8.1)	96(6.0)
	高中	1 588	636(40.1)	480(30.2)	265(16.7)	207(13.0)
家庭居住地	城区	1 155	686(59.4)	270(23.4)	109(9.4)	90(7.8)	49.35	＜0.01
	农村	2 030	948(46.7)	584(28.8)	285(14.0)	213(10.5)
住宿情况	走读	1 066	667(62.6)	255(23.9)	95(8.9)	49(4.6)	100.86	＜0.01
	住校	2 119	967(45.6)	599(28.3)	299(14.1)	254(12.0)
早餐情况	吃	3 150	1 626(51.6)	846(26.9)	388(12.3)	290(9.2)	34.84	＜0.01
	不吃	35	8(22.9)	8(22.9)	6(17.1)	13(37.1)
每日睡眠时间/h	＜8	2 336	1 060(45.4)	673(28.8)	343(14.7)	260(11.1)	137.06	＜0.01
	≥8	849	574(67.6)	181(21.3)	51(6.0)	43(5.1)
饮酒情况	不喝酒	2 988	1 572(52.6)	800(26.8)	352(11.8)	264(18.8)	48.71	＜0.01
	偶尔喝	182	58(31.9)	51(28.0)	40(22.0)	33(18.1)
	经常喝	15	4(26.7)	3(20.0)	2(13.3)	6(40.0)
吸烟情况	不吸烟	3 130	1 624(51.9)	841(26.9)	379(12.1)	286(9.1)	49.16	＜0.01
	吸烟	55	10(18.2)	13(23.6)	15(27.3)	17(30.9)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 不同人口统计学特征中学生健康危险行为报告率比较

Table 2. Comparison of report rate of health risk behaviors among middle school students with different demographic characteristics

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	统计值	经常饮酒	吸烟	睡眠不足	不吃早餐
性别	男	1 487		10(0.67)	40(2.69)	1 063(71.49)	14(0.94)
	女	1 698		5(0.29)	15(0.88)	1 273(74.97)	21(1.24)
			χ²值	84.50	15.25	0.06	0.64
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.81	0.43
学段	初中	1 597		7(0.44)	19(1.19)	1 096(68.63)	11(0.69)
	高中	1 588		8(0.50)	36(2.27)	1 240(78.09)	24(1.51)
			χ²值	21.46	5.45	16.78	4.96
			P值	< 0.01	0.02	< 0.01	0.03
家庭经济状况	好	655		5(0.76)	16(2.44)	432(65.95)	8(1.22)
	中	2 324		6(0.26)	33(1.42)	1 734(74.61)	22(0.95)
	差	206		4(1.94)	6(2.91)	170(82.52)	5(2.43)
			χ²值	13.14	4.98	66.18	3.93
			P值	0.01	0.08	< 0.01	0.14
注：()内数字为报告率/%。

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表 3 中学生心理健康状况影响因素的二分类Logistic回归分析(n=3 185)

Table 3. Binary Logistic regression of the factors influencing the mental health status of middle school students(n=3 185)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
家庭经济状况	中	0.01	0.14	0.01	0.93	1.01(0.78~1.32)
	差	0.50	0.20	6.07	0.01	1.66(1.11~2.47)
住宿情况	住校	0.48	0.12	15.80	＜0.01	1.62(1.28~2.05)
学段	高中	0.40	0.11	14.08	＜0.01	1.50(1.21~1.85)
每日睡眠时间/h	≥8	-1.01	0.14	55.80	＜0.01	0.36(0.28~0.47)
吸烟情况	吸烟	1.26	0.31	16.54	＜0.01	3.53(1.92~6.49)
近视	否	-0.26	0.12	4.59	0.03	0.77(0.61~0.98)
睡眠质量	一般	1.28	0.12	117.50	＜0.01	3.60(2.86~4.54)
	很差	2.34	0.18	164.67	＜0.01	10.38(7.26~14.83)

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