有氧联合抗阻运动对中度智力障碍青少年干预效果评价

王鑫; 侯晓晖; 马哲明; 符鑫博; 冯燕青

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.04.013

有氧联合抗阻运动对中度智力障碍青少年干预效果评价

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.04.013

王鑫^{1, 2},
侯晓晖^1, ,,
马哲明¹,
符鑫博¹,
冯燕青¹

1.
广州体育学院研究生院, 广东 510500
2.
深圳市龙岗区外国语学校(集团)和美小学

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金项目 19BTY126

中国残疾人体育运动管理中心科研基金项目 2019-KFJS & 005

详细信息

作者简介:
王鑫(1995-), 男, 辽宁沈阳人，硕士，主要研究方向为适应体育

通讯作者:
侯晓晖，E-mail：lilihxh@126.com

中图分类号: G808G804.49G764
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-10
- 修回日期: 2020-11-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-25

Evaluation of intervention effect of aerobic combined with resistance exercise on adolescents with moderate mental retardation

WANG Xin^{1, 2},
HOU Xiaohui^{1
, ,},
MA Zheming¹,
FU Xinbo¹,
FENG Yanqing¹

1.
Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou(510500), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨有氧联合抗阻运动对中度智力障碍青少年的干预效果，为促进特殊人群健康成长提供参考。方法选取佛山市顺德区启智中学29名12~17岁中度智力障碍青少年，使用随机数字表分为干预组(16名)和对照组(13名)，干预组进行为期11周的有氧联合抗阻运动，对照组保持原有活动。比较两组受试者干预前后身体成分、肌肉力量、心肺耐力、平衡能力的变化。结果干预后干预组骨骼肌(22.90±3.63)kg、肌肉量(39.75±5.57)kg、去脂体重(41.52±6.79)kg、坐式手臂支撑(49.19±35.28)s、站立计时测试(22.13±6.01)s、半仰卧起坐(20.12±6.48)个、握力、2 min踏步运动后即刻心率(91.43±13.44)次/min、闭眼单脚站立与运动前相比显著提高，体脂肪下降(t值分别为2.57, 2.72, 2.07, 2.10, 3.31, 2.92, 2.76, 3.44, 2.86, 2.04, 2.38, -2.92，P值均＜0.05)；干预后组间相比，坐式手臂支撑、闭眼单脚站立(右)提高，差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)。结论有氧联合抗阻运动有助于提高中度智力障碍青少年的肌肉力量和耐力、心肺耐力和平衡能力。
- 运动活动 /
- 智力 /
- 精神障碍 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of aerobic plus resistance training on the intervention of adolescents with moderate mental retardation and to provide reference for healthy development among specific need population. Methods Totally 29 adolescents with moderate mental retardation, aged 12-17 years from one middle school in Shunde district of Foshan, were divided into intervention group and control group (16/13) with random number table. The intervention group was subjected to aerobic combined resistance exercise for 11 weeks. The control group maintained the original activities. The changes in body composition, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance and balance ability of the two groups of subjects before and after intervention were compared. Results After the intervention, the intervention group's skeletal muscle (22.90±3.63)kg, muscle mass (39.75±5.57)kg, lean body mass (41.52±6.79)kg, sitting arm support (49.19±35.28)s, standing timing test (22.13±6.01)s, half crunches (20.12±6.48), grip strength, heart rate immediately after 2 min stepping exercise (91.43±13.44)frequency/min, Standing on one foot with eyes closed compared with before exercise, the body fat decreased(t=2.57, 2.72, 2.07, 2.10, 3.31, 2.92, 2.76, 3.44, 2.86, 2.04, 2.38, -2.92, P < 0.05); after the intervention, the sitting arm support and closed eyes standing(right) improved(P < 0.05). Conclusion Aerobic combined resistance exercise can improve muscle strength and endurance, aerobic endurance and balance ability in adolescents with moderate mental retardation and adaptability of teenagers with moderate mental retardation.
- Motor activity /
- Intelligence /
- Mental disorders /
- Intervention studies /
- Adolescent

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表 1 两组受试者干预前后体成分指标比较(x±s, kg)

Table 1. Comparison of body composition indexes between the two groups(x±s, kg)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	肌肉量	骨骼肌	去脂体重	体脂肪
干预组	干预前	16		36.44±8.17	20.86±5.36	38.78±8.78	14.29±8.36
	干预后	16		39.75±5.57	22.90±3.63	41.52±6.79	10.67±9.73
			t值	-2.72	-2.57	-2.07	2.92
			P值	0.01	0.02	0.05	0.01
对照组	干预前	13		37.66±10.01	21.50±6.43	39.92±10.62	12.86±11.63
	干预后	13		40.70±7.75	23.44±5.03	42.05±8.21	11.26±12.80
			t值	-2.24	-2.02	-1.93	0.99
			P值	0.14	0.16	0.27	0.23

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表 2 两组受试者干预前后力量测试指标比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of strength test indexes between two groups(x±s)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	站立计时测试/s	半仰卧起坐/个	握力(左)/kg	握力(右)/kg	坐式手臂支撑/s
干预组	干预前	16		25.85±4.97	17.68±6.44	13.70±6.05	13.50±6.11	35.31±21.88
	干预后	16		22.13±6.01	20.12±6.48	15.98±4.86	16.37±5.46	49.19±35.28^*
			t值	3.31	-2.92	-2.76	-3.44	-2.10
			P值	< 0.01	0.01	0.02	< 0.01	< 0.05
对照组	干预前	13		24.84±6.44	18.76±8.66	13.84±4.15	13.46±5.50	38.07±28.12
	干预后	13		20.97±5.33	19.46±7.18	15.06±3.90	14.90±4.79	44.85±19.81
			t值	3.74	-0.55	-1.88	-2.05	-0.95
			P值	< 0.01	0.59	0.08	0.06	0.36
注：干预后，干预组与对照组比较*P < 0.05。

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表 3 两组受试者干预前后心肺耐力测试指标比较(x±s，次/min)

Table 3. Comparison of cardiopulmonary endurance indexes between two groups(x±s, frequency/min)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	2 min踏步运动前即刻心率	2 min踏步运动后即刻心率	2 min踏步 2 min后心率
干预组	干预前	16		94.50±19.61	109.25±21.33	91.18±18.48
	干预后	16		92.37±8.43	91.43±13.44	91.37±11.05
			t值	0.02	2.86	-0.38
			P值	0.98	0.01	0.97
对照组	干预前	13		90.30±16.99	102.76±18.81	90.84±12.48
	干预后	13		87.53±15.57	93.53±10.06	88.84±14.89
			t值	0.40	1.78	0.47
			P值	0.65	0.20	0.64

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表 4 两组受试者干预前后静态平衡能力指标比较(x±s, s)

Table 4. Comparison of static balance ability indexs between two groups(x±s, s)

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	睁眼单脚站立(左)	睁眼单脚站立(右)	闭眼单脚站立(左)	闭眼单脚站立(右)
干预组	干预前	16		10.17±12.12	13.60±18.93	2.42±3.36	2.58±2.10
	干预后	16		13.59±20.62	17.81±30.43	5.82±5.20	6.02±5.56^*
			Z值	-1.45	-1.03	-2.04	-2.38
			P值	0.16	0.31	< 0.05	0.03
对照组	干预前	13		13.69±22.51	14.04±22.60	2.40±2.96	1.15±1.19
	干预后	13		14.58±10.84	16.19±13.58	3.96±2.07	2.91±1.85
			Z值	-0.20	-0.35	-1.51	-1.78
			P值	0.84	0.72	0.16	0.10
注：干预后，干预组与对照组比较*P < 0.05。

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