Sleep quality and influencing factors of college students returning to school during COVID-19 epidemic
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摘要:
目的 探讨新冠肺炎疫情期间某高校首批返校大学生的睡眠质量情况及影响因素，为采取相应措施提供科学依据。 方法 采用整群调查的方法对安徽中医药高等专科学校2 701名首批返校大学生进行问卷调查，调查内容包括一般人口学特征、特质应对方式问卷(Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, TCSQ)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI)。 结果 首批返校大学生睡眠障碍检出率为19.33%(522/2 701)。母亲文化程度为高中或中专及以下(OR=2.24，95%CI=1.47~3.41)、从来不吃早餐(OR=3.25，95%CI=1.86~5.68)、疫情期间家庭受损(OR=1.48，95%CI=1.17~1.87)以及消极应对(OR=1.15，95%CI=1.12~1.17)与睡眠障碍的发生呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)；与父母之间关系非常差相比，父母之间关系一般(OR=0.23，95%CI=0.06~0.89)、比较好(OR=0.23，95%CI=0.06~0.87)、非常好(OR=0.19，95%CI=0.05~0.74)均与睡眠障碍发生呈负相关(P值均 < 0.05)；疫情期间每周锻炼1~2次(OR=0.76，95%CI=0.58~1.00)、积极应对(OR=0.93，95%CI=0.91~0.96)亦与睡眠障碍的发生呈负相关(P值均 < 0.05)。 结论 新冠肺炎疫情使返校大学生睡眠质量受到不同程度的影响，且父母之间的关系、体育运动、母亲文化程度、早餐习惯、疫情期间家庭受损是睡眠质量的影响因素。应对返校大学生给予早期的有针对性的心理干预措施。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the sleep quality and influencing factors of the first batch of college students returning to school during COVID-19 epidemic, so as to provide scientific basis for taking corresponding measures. Methods An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among the first batch of college students returning from a certain university by cluster sampling, which included general demographic characteristics, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). Results The detection rate of sleep disorders was 19.33%(522/2 701). The mother's education level was high school or technical secondary school or below(OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.47-3.41), never eat breakfast(OR=3.25, 95%CI=1.86-5.68), families were damaged during the outbreak (OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.17-1.87) and negative coping (OR=1.15, 95%CI=1.12-1.17) were risk factors for sleep disorders(P < 0.05). Compared to having a very poor relationship with parents, the relationship between parents was average(OR=0.23, 95%CI=0.06-0.89), better(OR=0.23, 95%CI=0.06-0.87), very good (OR=0.19, 95%CI=0.05-0.74) were protective factors for sleep disorders(P < 0.05). Exercise once or twice a week during the epidemic(OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.58-1.00), positive coping (OR=0.93, 95%CI=0.91-0.96) were protective factors for sleep disorders(P < 0.05). Conclusion In this COVID-19 epidemic, the sleep quality of returning college students was affected to different extent, and the relationship between parents, sports, mother's education, breakfast habits, and family damage during the COVID-19 were factors affecting their sleep quality. Targeted psychological intervention measures should be given to returning college students in the early stage. -
Key words:
- Coronavirus /
- Sleep disorders /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
1) 王静和赵颖为并列第一作者。 -
表 1 不同组别大学生睡眠障碍检出率比较
Table 1. Comparison of general demographic characteristics of patients with and without sleep disorders
组别 选项 人数 睡眠障碍人数 χ2值 P值 母亲文化程度 高中或中专及以下 2 532 475(18.76) 8.32 0.00 大专或高职及以上 169 47(27.81) 父母之间的关系 非常差 19 10(52.63) 56.59 0.00 比较差 29 7(24.14) 一般 311 90(28.94) 比较好 802 183(22.82) 非常好 1 540 232(15.06) 与父亲的关系 非常差 11 5(45.45) 55.24 0.00 比较差 23 9(39.13) 一般 319 91(28.53) 比较好 836 193(23.09) 非常好 1 512 224(14.81) 与母亲的关系 非常差 5 1(20.00) 38.31 0.00 比较差 9 4(44.44) 一般 190 58(30.53) 比较好 744 175(23.52) 非常好 1 753 284(16.20) 性格自评 很内向 38 9(23.68) 9.48 0.05 偏内向 699 161(23.03) 中性 1 185 210(17.72) 偏外向 663 123(18.55) 很外向 116 19(16.38) 脾气自评 很急躁 46 16(34.78) 44.60 0.00 偏急躁 585 162(27.69) 中性 1 156 203(17.56) 偏温和 751 117(15.58) 很温和 163 24(14.72) 饮食习惯 偏肉食 759 168(22.13) 17.71 0.00 偏素食 431 104(24.13) 不偏食 1 511 250(16.55) 每月早餐天数/d 每天都吃 581 81(13.94) 46.27 0.00 ≥15 981 182(18.55) < 15 1 049 220(20.97) 从来不吃 90 39(43.33) 每周锻炼次数 < 1 544 143(26.29) 21.41 0.00 1~2 1 187 209(17.61) 3~4 559 95(16.99) ≥5 411 75(18.25) 疫情期间家庭损失 是 1 721 374(21.73) 17.71 0.00 否 980 148(15.10) 注：表中仅列出有统计学意义的变量，()内数字为检出率/%。 
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表 2 大学生睡眠障碍的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=2 701)
Table 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of sleep disorders in college students(n=2 701)
自变量与常量 β值 标准误 Wald χ2值 P值 OR值(OR值95%CI) 母亲文化程度 高中或中专及以下 0.81 0.21 14.22 0.00 2.24(1.47~3.41) 父母之间的关系 比较差 -1.60 0.82 3.77 0.05 0.20(0.04~1.02) 一般 -1.45 0.68 4.54 0.03 0.23(0.06~0.89) 比较好 -1.47 0.68 4.72 0.03 0.23(0.06~0.87) 非常好 -1.65 0.69 5.73 0.02 0.19(0.05~0.74) 每月早餐天数/d ≥15 0.27 0.16 2.90 0.09 1.31(0.96~1.79) < 15 0.19 0.16 1.49 0.22 1.21(0.89~1.66) 从来不吃 1.18 0.29 17.05 0.00 3.25(1.86~5.68) 每周锻炼次数/次 1~2 -0.27 0.14 3.91 0.05 0.76(0.58~1.00) 3~4 -0.04 0.17 0.06 0.80 0.96(0.69~1.33) ≥5 0.03 0.18 0.02 0.89 1.03(0.72~1.47) 疫情期间家庭损失 是 0.39 0.12 10.92 0.00 1.48(1.17~1.87) 积极应对方式 -0.07 0.01 36.93 0.00 0.93(0.91~0.96) 消极应对方式 0.14 0.01 159.48 0.00 1.15(1.12~1.17) 常量 -2.83 1.38 4.21 0.04 0.06 注：母亲文化程度以大专或高职及以上为参照，父母之间的关系以非常差为参照，每月早餐天数以每天都吃为参照，每周锻炼次数以 < 1次为参照，疫情期间家庭损失以否为参照，积极应对方式和消极应对方式均为连续型变量。
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