学校健康促进干预对中学生超重肥胖的影响

程巧云; 郑文峰; 吴宏; 赵建明; 郭振平

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.03.015

学校健康促进干预对中学生超重肥胖的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.03.015

1.
河南省三门峡市疾病预防控制中心健康教育与慢病防控所, 472000
2.
三门峡市湖滨区疾病预防控制中心

详细信息

作者简介:
程巧云(1966-)，女，河南三门峡人，大学本科，副主任医师，主要从事健康教育与慢病防控工作

中图分类号: G 627.8 R 193 R 723.14
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- 文章访问数: 564
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- PDF下载量: 51
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-13
- 修回日期: 2020-10-30
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-25

Effect of school health promotion intervention on overweight and obesity of middle school students

1.
Institute of Health Education and Chronic Disease Control, Sanmenxia Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Sanmenxia, Henan Province(472000), China

摘要

摘要: 目的评价学校健康促进对中学生超重肥胖的干预效果，为有效预防控制学生超重肥胖提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法，在三门峡市10所中学中随机抽取干预组和对照组初中、高中各1所，再从被抽取的4所中学中，初、高中一二年级每个年级随机抽取2个班的在校学生为研究对象(干预前，干预组489人，对照组451人；干预后，干预组470人，对照组467人)，分别在干预前后进行问卷调查及体检并评价干预效果。结果干预后干预组超重肥胖率由干预前的22.70%降低到17.45%，差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.11，P<0.05)；对照组干预后超重肥胖率(22.91%)高于干预前(22.39%)，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预组干预后中高强度运动≥1 h/d、不以肉食为主、不吃油炸食品、不喝含糖饮料、不吃高能量零食≥5 d/周，行为指标回答正确率均高于干预前，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为125.73，10.69，208.55，170.66，50.01，P值均<0.01)。结论学校健康促进干预对中学生超重肥胖具有积极作用，能促使学生养成健康行为及有效预防控制超重肥胖，并易于形成长效干预机制。
- 健康促进 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of overweight and obesity intervention in the health-promoting school model and to provide reference for effective prevention and control of overweight and obesityin middle Schools. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling, 10 middle schools in Sanmenxia City were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. In the intervention group and the control group, one middle school and one high school were randomly selected. The students from the two classes randomly selected in the first and second grades in the four schools that were selected, the questionnaire survey and medical examination was conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the intervention effect. Results After intervention, the ratio of overweight and obesity of the intervention group decreased from 22.70% before intervention to 17.45%, statistical significance(χ²=4.11, P<0.05), and the ratio of overweight and obesity of the control group increased from 22.39% before intervention to 22.91%, no significant difference(P>0.05). After the intervention, the response rates of limiting red meat, fried food and sugarsweetened beverages were all higher than those before the intervention, the differences were statistically significant (χ²=125.73, 10.69, 208.55, 170.66, 50.01, P<0.01). Conclusion The comprehensive intervention measures of overweight and obesity in the model of health promotion school can encourage students to develop healthy behaviors and effectively prevent and control middle school students from overweight and obesity, and it is easy to form a long-term intervention mechanism.
- Health promotion /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Intervention studies /
- Students

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表 1 干预前后不同性别学生超重肥胖率比较

Table 1. Comparison of overweight and obesity rates of students of different genders before and after intervention

干预前后	干预组		对照组
干预前后	男	女	男	女
干预前	68(28.10)	43(17.41)	62(27.19)	39(17.49)
干预后	49(21.40)	33(13.69)	66(28.33)	41(17.52)
χ²值	2.83	1.28	0.07	0.00
P值	0.09	0.26	0.79	0.99
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 干预组与对照组学生干预前后饮食运动行为指标比较

Table 2. Comparison of dietary and exercise behavior indexes between the intervention group and the control group before and after intervention

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	每天中高等强度运动≥1 h且每周≥5 d	不以肉食为主≥5 d	每周不吃油炸食品≥5 d	每周不喝含糖饮料≥5 d	每周不吃高能量零食≥5 d	每周晚上睡前不饮食≥5 d
干预组	干预前	489		175(35.78)	335(68.50)	165(33.74)	193(39.47)	260(53.17)	376(76.89)
	干预后	470		338(71.91)	366(77.87)	376(80.00)	380(80.85)	353(75.11)	381(81.06)
			χ²值	125.73	10.69	208.55	170.66	50.01	2.51
			P值	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.11
对照组	干预前	451		152(33.70)	293(64.97)	153(33.92)	181(40.13)	197(43.68)	342(75.83)
	干预后	467		160(34.26)	327(70.02)	219(46.90)	237(50.75)	216(46.25)	363(77.73)
			χ²值	0.03	2.67	16.01	18.31	0.62	0.46
			P值	0.86	0.10	<0.01	<0.01	0.43	0.50
注： ()内数字为正确率/%。

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