广州市中学生生活行为模式分析

李章龙; 饶淑芳; 宋芯蕊; 邱园园; 梁健平; 谈蔚清; 杨翌; 郜艳晖; 刘丽; 李丽霞

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.03.012

广州市中学生生活行为模式分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.03.012

1.
广东药科大学公共卫生学院, 广州 510310
2.
广州市中小学生卫生健康促进中心

基金项目:

广州市科技计划项目 201607010143

详细信息

作者简介:
李章龙(1994-)，男，海南屯昌人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为潜变量方法在医学研究中的应用

通讯作者:
李丽霞，E-mail：llx19@163.com

中图分类号: R 179 G 478
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- 文章访问数: 464
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-03
- 修回日期: 2020-11-27
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-25

Lifestyle pattern of middle school students in Guangzhou

1.
School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou(510310), China

摘要

摘要: 目的识别广州市青少年的生活行为模式，为对不同生活行为模式青少年进行有针对性的个体化干预提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样对广州市城区27所中学12 540名学生进行问卷调查，构建潜在类别模型对青少年的生活行为模式进行识别，比较不同亚组青少年饮食习惯认知及参加体育锻炼意愿的差异。结果基于潜在类别模型识别出3种生活行为模式，其中“高甜食零食/长视屏时间、睡眠及运动不足组”3 797名(30.3%)，低营养膳食/严重睡眠及运动不足组2 745名(21.9%)，一般饮食/睡眠及运动不足组5 998名(47.8%)。各亚组青少年对自己饮食习惯的认知(χ²=671.54)和参加体育锻炼的意愿不同(Z=153.16)，差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论不同亚类的青少年具有独有的特点，实际干预工作中需要针对不同生活模式青少年的特有特征给予最迫切的需求和指导，实施有针对性的干预。
- 日常生活活动 /
- 行为 /
- 模型, 统计学 /
- 健康教育 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To identify the lifestyle pattern of adolescents in Guangzhou and to provide a scientific basis for targeted and individualized interventions for adolescents with different lifestyle pattern. Methods A survey was conducted by questionnaire among 12 540 students from 27 middle schools in the urban area of Guangzhou using a convenient sampling method. The latent class model (LCM) was used to identify lifestyle patterns of adolescents, and further analyses were conducted to compare differences in dietary habits and willingness to exercise among the different classes. Results Three lifestyle patterns were identified based on the latent class model: "high sweet snacks/excessive screen time, sleep and exercise deficiency group", 3 797 people, accounting for 30.3%; "low nutrition diet/severe sleep and exercise deficiency group", 2 745 people, accounting for 21.9%; "general diet/sleep and exercise deficiency group", 5 998 people, accounting for 47.8%. Adolescents of different classes had different perceptions of their eating habits and different degrees of willingness to participate in physical exercise, these differences were statistically significant(χ²=671.54, Z=153.16, P<0.05). Conclusion The results of the latent class model showed that the three classes of adolescents had their own unique characteristics. It is necessary to inform them of their needs, provide guidance and implement targeted interventions according to the unique characteristics of the different lifestyle patterns in empirical work.
- Activities of daily living /
- Behavior /
- Models, statistical /
- Health education /
- Adolescent

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表 1 中学生生活行为模式的潜在类别模型拟合指标

Table 1. Latent class model fitting index of middle school students' life behavior patterns

模型	AIC	BIC	aBIC	LMR	潜在类别概率
M1	149 132.1	149 221.3	149 183.2	-	1.00
M2	145 390.1	145 576.0	145 496.5	<0.01	0.33\0.67
M3	144 044.2	144 326.8	144 206.1	<0.01	0.30\0.22\0.48
M4	143 695.2	144 074.4	143 912.4	0.25	0.20\0.24\0.47\0.09
M5	143 452.8	143 928.8	143 725.4	0.04	0.12\0.14\0.09\0.18\0.48

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表 2 中学生各亚类生活行为模式条件概率/%

Table 2. Conditional probability of middle school students' life behavior patterns/%

生活行为模式	人数	豆制品(< 3次/周)	水产品(< 3次/周)	奶制品(< 3次/周)	蔬菜(< 3次/周)	水果(< 3次/周)	西式快餐(≥3次/周)	甜食(≥3次/周)	零食(≥3次/周)	含糖饮料(≥3次/周)	长视屏时间	睡眠不足	运动不足
模式1	3 797	0.64	0.62	0.16	0.05	0.18	0.09	0.74	0.79	0.62	0.41	0.89	0.81
模式2	2 745	0.84	0.90	0.51	0.13	0.61	0.02	0.13	0.15	0.34	0.36	0.93	0.93
模式3	5 998	0.67	0.67	0.18	0.00	0.07	0.01	0.14	0.10	0.23	0.17	0.85	0.83

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表 3 不同生活行为模式中学生饮食习惯认知构成

Table 3. Comparison of cognitive composition of eating habits among students in different life behavior patterns

生活行为模式	人数	很健康，并继续保持	不健康，但懒于改正	不健康，在努力改正	没关心过，无所谓
模式1	3 797	1 652(44.07)	589(15.71)	876(23.37)	632(16.86)
模式2	2 745	1 105(40.84)	464(17.15)	654(24.17)	483(17.85)
模式3	5 998	3 792(63.68)	346(8.81)	1 132(19.01)	685(11.50)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 4 不同生活行为模式中学生参加体育锻炼意愿构成

Table 4. Comparison of the composition of students' willingness to participate in physical exercise in different life behavior patterns

生活行为模式	人数	非常不愿意	不愿意	一般	愿意	非常愿意
模式1	3 797	138(3.69)	155(4.15)	1 171(31.34)	1 225(32.79)	1 047(28.02)
模式2	2 745	78(2.88)	156(5.76)	987(36.47)	872(32.22)	613(22.65)
模式3	5 998	125(2.11)	168(2.84)	1 593(26.89)	2 187(36.92)	1 851(31.25)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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