西安某高校2005—2018年新生体质状况

李鸿宜; 钱章铚; 何立; 毛雁; 郭海霞

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.034

西安某高校2005—2018年新生体质状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.034

1.
北京体育大学教育学院, 北京 100084
2.
西安建筑科技大学体育学院

基金项目:

陕西省哲学社会科学规划课题 2017R02

陕西省教育厅专项科研项目 16JK1404

详细信息

作者简介:
李鸿宜(1990-)，女，湖北恩施人，在读博士，主要研究方向为学校体育

通讯作者:
郭海霞，E-mail：guohaixia@xauat.edu.cn

中图分类号: R 179 G 804.49
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- 文章访问数: 506
- HTML全文浏览量: 298
- PDF下载量: 36
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-25
- 修回日期: 2020-12-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-25

Physical fitness of college freshmen in one college in Xi'an during 2005-2018

1.
Dept. P.E., Beijing Sport University, Beijing(100084), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解西安市2005—2018年某大学新生体质变化特征，为促进大学生体质发展提供参考和依据。方法选取西安市某省属重点高校2005—2018年47 047名新生体质量指数(BMI)、肺活量和耐力素质测试数据，依据《国家学生体质健康标准》对3项指标进行分类，分别采用描述性统计和t检验进行分析。结果 2005—2018年间，某大学男、女新生BMI、肺活量和耐力素质均值分别为(21.69±3.26)(20.88±2.65)kg/m²；(418 9.59±788.57)(2 815.06±572.07) mL；(246.17±24.09)(239.97±20.23)s，性别间差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为29.48，218.87，28.70，P值均 < 0.05)，各年份3个指标之间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为104.82，185.43，40 891.99，P值均 < 0.05)。男、女新生BMI和肺活量均值在过去14年间总体上在曲折中上升；耐力则呈现“V”型变化趋势，2009年为显著拐点。结论 2005—2018年，大学新生BMI和肺活量呈现上升趋势，而耐力素质自2009年后持续下降。应及早关注并干预大学新生BMI的上升和耐力素质的下降状况，减小未来的疾病风险，促进健康关口前移。
- 体质 /
- 人体质量指数 /
- 肺活量 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand changes of physical fitness, among college freshmen in one college in Xi'an from 2005 to 2018. Methods Body mass index (BMI), vital lung capacity and cardiorespiratory endurance test data from 47 047 freshmen from 2005 to 2018 were included and analyzed. BMI, vital lung capacity, and cardiorespiratory endurance were classified according to the National Student Physical Fitness and Health Standard. Descriptive statistics, t test was used in the data analysis. Results Mean BMI, vital lung capacity and cardiorespiratory endurance for male and female were (21.69±3.26) (20.88±2.65) kg/m², (4 189.87±788.57) (2 815.06±572.07) mL, (246.17±24.09) (239.97±20.23) s, respectively, all of which had significant statistical differences (t=29.48, 218.87, 28.70, P<0.05). Physical fitness indicators showed significant differences over the years (F=104.82, 185.43, 40 891.99, P<0.05). Mean BMI and vital lung capacity in male and female freshmen showed nonlinear increase trend across the past 14 years, while endurance showed a "V"-shaped change with a significant inflection point in the year of 2009. Conclusion From 2005 to 2018, BMI and vital lung capacity showed an upward trend, and cardiorespiratory endurance quality continued to decline since 2009 among college freshmen.
- Body constitution /
- Body mass index /
- Vital capacity /
- Growth and development /
- Students

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表 1 某高校2005—2018年不同性别新生BMI、肺活量和耐力比较

Table 1. The characteristics of BMI, vital lung capacity and cardiorespiratory endurance in college freshmen from 2005 to 2018

年份	性别	人数	BMI/(kg·m^-2)			肺活量/mL			耐力项目/s
年份	性别	人数	x±s	t值	P值	x±s	t值	P值	x±s	t值	P值
2005	男	1 097	21.14±2.68	0.85	0.40	3 355.01±935.93	0.55	0.58	256.00±24.41	3.07	0.00
	女	586	21.03±2.72			3 323.89±917.04			252.61±19.94
2006	男	1 096	21.08±2.56	8.60	0.00	3 914.78±659.54	45.99	0.00	248.92±25.81	5.95	0.00
	女	546	20.09±1.98			2 523.55±531.94			242.32±18.43
2007	男	990	20.95±2.43	2.95	0.00	3 847.34±643.09	48.53	0.00	242.73±18.58	5.14	0.00
	女	651	20.61±2.16			2 540.11±447.56			238.10±16.71
2008	男	1 276	21.04±2.94	4.81	0.00	3 688.28±695.79	49.50	0.00	245.06±24.17	5.17	0.00
	女	791	20.47±2.33			2 389.86±494.18			240.34±17.24
2009	男	1 364	20.75±2.42	4.30	0.00	4 005.16±610.23	58.22	0.00	235.03±17.30	5.90	0.00
	女	868	20.32±2.22			2 695.25±449.93			230.83±15.82
2010	男	1 739	20.69±2.42	0.80	0.07	4 056.01±692.16	58.78	0.00	237.58±18.80	-0.14	0.89
	女	1 077	20.52±2.29			2 717.80±511.38			237.68±17.94
2011	男	2 446	20.81±2.49	4.39	0.00	4 160.03±639.45	75.90	0.00	242.66±20.36	2.00	0.05
	女	1 448	20.47±2.24			2 779.03±487.15			241.44±17.39
2012	男	2 753	21.76±2.65	8.80	0.00	4 261.16±637.37	82.76	0.00	-
	女	1 746	21.10±2.32			2 870.58±485.06			-
2013	男	2 877	21.76±3.40	14.05	0.00	3 996.97±721.27	76.99	0.00	247.21±28.03	4.13	0.00
	女	1 754	20.49±2.67			2 539.25±558.22			243.90±25.49
2014	男	2 621	21.99±3.44	10.68	0.00	4 238.08±685.38	81.73	0.00	250.00±27.17	9.90	0.00
	女	1 837	21.03±2.58			2 835.47±460.18			247.13±28.17
2015	男	2 265	22.21±3.36	10.87	0.00	4 235.75±735.70	71.42	0.00	243.92±22.82	9.05	0.00
	女	1 827	21.18±2.73			2 845.84±505.28			237.98±19.15
2016	男	2 522	22.16±3.92	10.33	0.00	4 257.58±721.16	77.29	0.00	249.80±23.60	13.89	0.00
	女	1 834	21.11±2.91			2 819.13±506.99			240.74±19.36
2017	男	2 613	22.79±3.79	11.62	0.00	4 734.70±823.36	80.72	0.00	249.48±22.81	17.47	0.00
	女	2 003	21.62±3.03			3 066.32±579.34			239.53±19.70
2018	男	2 491	22.32±3.86	14.30	0.00	4 704.84±803.50	79.35	0.00	247.80±24.71	16.58	0.00
	女	1 929	20.85±2.99			3 036.00±593.59			236.83±19.26

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