网格化健康教育模式提升大学生健康素养的实证研究

李利利; 梁志静; 杨浩杰; 佘君; 刘庆安; 郝雁

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.017

网格化健康教育模式提升大学生健康素养的实证研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.017

西安交通大学医院，陕西 710049

基金项目:

2020年陕西省高等教育学会项目 XGH20001

详细信息

作者简介:
李利利(1982-)，女，河南省人，硕士，主治医师，主要研究方向为大学生健康教育

通讯作者:
郝雁，E-mail：haoyan@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R 179 G 647.9 R 193
计量
- 文章访问数: 524
- HTML全文浏览量: 278
- PDF下载量: 34
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-28
- 修回日期: 2020-10-26
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-25

Empirical study on health literacy improvement through grid model of health education in college students

Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an(710049), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探索高校网格化的健康教育模式在提升大学生健康素养中的应用效果，为促进学生健康生活方式与习惯养成提供参考。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法，抽取西安市西安交通大学2019级新生1 123名；干预组(578名)采用网格化健康教育模式，对照组(545名)保持常规健康教育模式。1个学期后，比较两组大学生健康素养情况。结果西安交通大学新生健康素养具备率偏低(干预组：17.12%，对照组：17.61%)；其中慢性病防治素养(干预组：15.92%，对照组：16.70%)较低。1个学期后，干预组和对照组大学生总健康素养具备率均有显著提高(干预组：47.75%；对照组：27.71%；χ²值分别为20.50，5.47，P均 < 0.05)。除安全与急救素养外，相对常规健康教育模式，网格化健康教育模式对大学生总健康素养、3个维度及六大健康素养的提高均有统计学意义(P均 < 0.05)。结论西安交通大学新生健康素养具备率较低；网格化健康教育模式可显著提升高校大学生健康素养具备率，优于常规健康教育模式，符合新时期高校健康教育的要求。
- 健康教育 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 健康促进 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the application of grid health education model in improving college students' health literacy. Methods The clustered stratified random sampling method was used among the pre-formative education freshmen in a Xi'an university, with 1 123 students randomly selected totally. The intervention group (578) received health literacy education based on grid health education model, while the control group (545) receuved the original health education model. The effect of gird model of health education on health literacy was compared between two groups of college students after one-semester intervention. Results Insufficient health literacy was found among freshmen participants in Xi'an(17.12%, 17.61%); health literacy on prevention and treatment of chronic diseases (15.92%, 16.70%) was significantly lower than the national average level of urban residents(22.73%). Health literacy of the two groups of college students was significantly improved(47.75%, 27.71%, χ²=20.50, 5.47, P < 0.05). The grid health education model had significant effects in improving health literacy among college students, except for health literacy on safety and emergency(P < 0.05). Conclusion Health literacy of college students is insufficient compared to that of urban residents in China. Grid model of health education model is superior to conventional health education model, which is in line with the requirements of health education in colleges in the new era.
- Health education /
- Intervention studies /
- Health pomotion /
- Students

HTML全文

表 1 健康教育前后两组大学生健康素养具备率比较

Table 1. Comparison of health literacy rate between two groups of college students before and after health education

组别与时间	人数	统计值	总健康素养	健康基本知识和理念素养	健康生活方式和行为素养	健康基本技能素养
干预组
干预前	578		99(17.12)	184(31.83)	103(17.82)	155(26.82)
干预后	578		276(47.75)^*	342(59.17)^*	213(36.85)^*	278(48.09)^*
		χ²值	20.50	11.03	13.76	15.80
		P值	0.01	< 0.05	< 0.05	< 0.05
对照组
干预前	545		96(17.61)	175(32.11)	91(16.71)	127(23.30)
干预后	545		151(27.71)	227(41.65)	119(21.83)	193(35.41)
		χ²值	5.47	4.63	1.77	7.13
		P值	0.02	0.03	0.17	0.01
注：()内数字为具备率/%；与对照组干预后比较，*P < 0.05。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 健康教育前后两组大学生六大健康素养问题具备率比较

Table 2. Comparison of health literacy rate ragarding six basic items between two groups of college students before and after health education

组别	干预前后	人数	统计值	科学健康观素养	传染病防治素养	慢性病防治素养	安全与急救素养	基本医疗素养	健康信息素养
干预组	干预前	578		281(48.62)	122(21.11)	92(15.92)	306(52.94)	128(22.15)	195(33.74)
	干预后	578		441(76.29)^*	184(31.83)^*	247(42.73)^*	366(63.32)	248(42.91)^*	363(62.80)^*
			χ²值	10.01	12.30	47.64	6.21	10.49	76.32
			P值	< 0.01	0.01	< 0.05	0.01	< 0.05	< 0.01
对照组	干预前	545		257(47.16)	121(22.20)	91(16.70)	292(53.58)	130(23.85)	175(32.11)
	干预后	545		306(56.15)	143(26.24)	128(23.49)	329(60.37)	153(28.07)	246(44.95)
			χ²值	4.80	0.94	2.38	4.31	1.11	9.74
			P值	0.02	0.31	0.17	0.04	0.37	< 0.01
注：()内数字为具备率/%；与对照组干预后比较，*P < 0.05。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(16)

[1]	高雷, 程宏毅. 习近平主持召开中共中央政治局会议审议"健康中国2030"规划纲要[EB/OL]. http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2016/0827/c64094-28669954.html. GAO L, CHENG H Y. Xi Jinping presided over the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to consider the outline of "Health China 2030" planning[EB/OL]. http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2016/0827/c64094-28669954.html.
[2]	康喜来, 李德武. 健康中国背景下对体育教育专业学生健康素养培养的思考[J]. 吉林体育学院学报, 2017, 33(4): 100-102. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLTY201704019.htm KANG X L, LI D W. Reflections on the training of physical education students' health literacy in the context of healthy China[J]. J Jilin Instit Phys Educ, 2017, 33(4): 100-102. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JLTY201704019.htm
[3]	万华军, 熊巨洋, 彭莹莹, 等. 健康中国视角下我国大学生健康问题及管理策略[J]. 医学与社会, 2020, 33(3): 55-58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YXSH202003014.htm WAN H J, XIONG J Y, PENG Y Y, et al. Health problems and management strategies of college students in China from the perspective of healthy China[J]. Med Soc, 2020, 33(3): 55-58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YXSH202003014.htm
[4]	余小鸣. 学生健康素养的提升及对策[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2015, 36(7): 965-967. http://zgxxws.xml-journal.net/article/id/zgxxws201507002 YU X M. Improvement of students' health literacy and countermeasures[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2015, 36(7): 965-967. http://zgxxws.xml-journal.net/article/id/zgxxws201507002
[5]	郭雪儿, 刘景裕, 孟露. 武汉市大学生健康素养现状分析与改善对策研究[J]. 湖北师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 39(4): 78-83. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBSF201904014.htm GUO X E, LIU J Y, MENG L. Analysis of the current situation of health literacy among college students in Wuhan and study of countermeasures for improvement[J]. J Hubei Normal University(Natural Sci Edit), 2019, 39(4): 78-83. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBSF201904014.htm
[6]	刘宏达, 闫丽莉. 网格化管理理论及其在高校学生服务管理中的应用[J]. 学校党建与思想教育, 2019(604): 14-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XXDJ201913005.htm LIU H D, YAN L L. Grid-based management theory and its application in college student service management[J]. Sch Party Construct Ideol Educ, 2019, 604: 14-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XXDJ201913005.htm
[7]	马建新, 闵启东. 基于网格化管理的大学校园安全管理探究[J]. 淮海工学院学报(人文社科版), 2019, 17(10): 112-115. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HHGX201910028.htm MA J X, MIN Q D. Exploring the security management of university campus based on grid-based management[J]. J Huaihai University Technol(Humanities Soc Sci Edit), 2019, 17(10): 112-115. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HHGX201910028.htm
[8]	问卷星. 2018年全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷[EB/OL]. https://www.wjx.cn/xz/26364694.aspx. Questionnaire. 2018 National Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire[EB/OL]. https://www.wjx.cn/xz/26364694.aspx.
[9]	宣传司. 2019年全国居民健康素养水平升至19.17%[EB/OL]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/s3582/202004/df8d7c746e664ad783d1c1cf5ce849d5.shtml. Press and Publicity Department. In 2019, the health literacy level of Chinese citizens rose to 19.17%[EB/OL]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/s3582/202004/df8d7c746e664ad783d1c1cf5ce849d5.shtml.
[10]	袁雪晴, 于天贺, 李路旋, 等. 河北省大学生健康素养水平与健康状况的关系研究[J]. 中国健康教育, 2018, 34(12): 1072-1075. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201812004.htm YUAN X Q, YU T H, LI L X, et al. Study on the relationship between health literacy level and health status of college students in Hebei Province[J]. Chin Health Educat, 2018, 34(12): 1072-1075. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201812004.htm
[11]	肖爽, 邱烈峰. 河南省某师范院校大学生健康素养调查[J]. 医学与社会, 2020, 33(3): 59-62. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YXSH202003015.htm XIAO S, QIU L F. Survey on health literacy of college students in a teacher training college in Henan Province[J]. Med Soc, 2020, 33(3): 59-62. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YXSH202003015.htm
[12]	任丽平, 王杨杨, 王柳行. 吉林市高校大学生健康素养及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2016, 37(10): 1467-1468. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.10.008 REN L P, WANG Y Y, WANG L X. Analysis of health literacy and its influencing factors among college students in Jilin City[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2016, 37(10): 1467-1468. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.10.008
[13]	赵跃媛, 张耀匀, 白雪, 等. 中国在校大学生健康素养水平的Meta分析[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2016, 20(3): 290-293. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBKZ201603019.htm ZHAO Y Y, ZHANG Y Y, BAI X, et al. Meta-analysis of health literacy levels among Chinese school students[J]. Chin J Dis Control, 2016, 20(3): 290-293. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBKZ201603019.htm
[14]	孙凌云. 郑州高校大学生健康素养状况及健康教育需求分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2015, 36(5): 773-776. http://zgxxws.xml-journal.net/article/id/zgxxws201505040 SUN L Y. Analysis of health literacy status and health education needs of college students in Zhengzhou universities[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2015, 36(5): 773-776. http://zgxxws.xml-journal.net/article/id/zgxxws201505040
[15]	王艺园. 大学生健康教育现状与思考[J]. 中国健康教育, 2018, 34(6): 573-575. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201806023.htm WANG Y Y. Current situation and thinking about health education of college students[J]. China Health Educat, 2018, 34(6): 573-575. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201806023.htm
[16]	贾绪计, 王庆瑾, 李雅倩, 等. 健康素养的内涵与评价[J]. 北京师范大学学报(社会科学版), 2019(2): 66-72. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJSF201902012.htm JIA X J, WANG Q J, LI Y Q, et al. Connotation and evaluation of health literacy[J]. J Beijing Normal University(Soc Sci Edit), 2019(2): 66-72. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJSF201902012.htm