颈部保健操对改善高中生肩颈症状效果评价

魏倩; 黎竹萍; 黄英苗; 黄志霞

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.015

颈部保健操对改善高中生肩颈症状效果评价

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.015

1.
广东省中医院珠海医院骨二科，珠海 519000
2.
珠海市斗门区侨立中医院骨伤一科
3.
广东省中医院珠海医院肾内科

基金项目:

广东省中医药局科研项目 20182143

详细信息

作者简介:
魏倩(1982-)，女，广东珠海人，大学本科，副主任护师，主要从事骨科临床护理工作

通讯作者:
黄志霞，E-mail：673409105@qq.com

中图分类号: G 637.8 R 726.8
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- 文章访问数: 438
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-20
- 修回日期: 2020-09-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-25

Evaluation of the effect of neck exercises on senior high school students

1.
Second Department of Orthopaedic, Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong, Zhuhai (519000), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨颈部保健操对改善珠海市高中生肩颈症状的运用效果，为改善高中生的颈椎健康问题提供简易且可广泛推广的锻炼方式。方法采用随机整群抽样方法，选择珠海市10所中学20个班级的805名高中生为研究对象，以班级为单位进行随机分组，最终确定观察组学生405名，对照组学生400名。观察组采用以等长收缩锻炼为核心的颈部保健操进行为期12周干预，对照组采用常规干预，比较两组学生干预前后视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、颈椎功能障碍指数量表(NDI)及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数调查表(PSQI)变化情况；对符合颈椎病诊断标准的研究对象进行亚组分析。结果共计112名学生符合颈椎病的诊断标准，患病率为13.9%，其中对照组确诊58名，观察组确诊54名。干预后观察组学生的VAS疼痛等级低于对照组(Z=-3.37，P < 0.01)，NDI评分程度明显低于对照组(t=-20.05，P < 0.01)；干预后观察组学生的PSQI主观睡眠质量、睡眠时间、入睡时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍各维度评分及总分均低于对照组(t值分别为-10.36，-7.66，-12.39，-9.78，-9.06，-11.31，-16.56，P均 < 0.05)。结论珠海市高中生颈椎病发生率较高，开展以等长收缩锻炼为核心的颈部保健操能有效改善颈椎症状和睡眠质量。
- 颈 /
- 肩 /
- 体征和症状 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 健康促进 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of neck exercises on improving the shoulder and neck symptoms of senior high school students in Zhuhai. Methods From February 2019 to July 2019, 805 senior high school students from 20 classes in 10 middle schools in Zhuhai were selected by multi-stage random sampling method, and randomly divided into two groups based on the class. The final observation group consisted of 405 cases and the control group consisted of 400 cases. The observation group was intervened by neck exercise based with isometric contraction exercise for 12 weeks, while the control group was intervened by routine intervention. The changes of VAS, NDI and PSQI were compared before and after the intervention between the two groups, and the subjects who met the diagnosis criteria of cervical spondylosis were analyzed in subgroups. Results A total of 112 students met the diagnostic criteria of cervical spondylosis, the prevalence rate was 13.9%. among them, 58 cases were diagnosed in the control group and 54 cases in the observation group. After the intervention, the VAS pain level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (Z=-3.37, P < 0.01), and the NDI score was significantly lower than that of the control group (t=-20.05, P < 0.01). After the intervention, the PSQI subjective sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction dimension scores and total scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=-10.36, -7.66, -12.39, -9.78, -9.06, -11.31, -16.56, P < 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of cervical spondylosis is high in senior high school students in Zhuhai. The neck exercise focusing on isometric strengthening can effectively improve the symptoms and sleep quality of cervical vertebrae.
- Neck /
- Shoulder /
- Signs and symptoms /
- Intervention studies /
- Health promotion /
- Students

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表 1 干预前后两组学生疼痛程度比较

Table 1. Comparison of pain severity between two groups before and after intervention

干预前后	组别	人数	无痛	轻度	中度	重度
干预前	观察组	405	300	55	30	20
	对照组	400	298	53	31	18
干预后	观察组	405	345	41	15	4
	对照组	400	299	51	33	17

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表 2 干预前后两组学生睡眠质量得分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of sleep quality scores between the two groups before and after intervention (x±s)

干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	主观睡眠质量	睡眠时间	入睡时间	睡眠效率	睡眠障碍	日间功能障碍	总分
干预前	观察组	405		1.15±0.92	0.76±0.82	1.39±0.93	0.97±0.89	0.89±0.80	1.66±0.98	6.82±3.62
	对照组	400		1.16±0.92	0.76±0.83	1.37±0.90	0.96±0.86	0.91±0.84	1.67±0.97	6.83±3.66
			Z值	0.08	0.07	0.18	0.01	0.06	0.05	0.33
			P值	0.94	0.94	0.86	0.99	0.95	0.96	0.74
干预后	观察组	405		0.59±0.56^*	0.36±0.58^*	0.69±0.58^*	0.45±0.59^*	0.43±0.56^*	0.96±0.67^*	3.50±1.68^*
	对照组	400		1.20±1.03	0.76±0.87	1.37±0.93	0.98±0.89	0.89±0.84	1.65±1.02	6.84±3.70
			Z值	8.38	6.90	10.83	8.72	8.02	9.90	16.64
			P值	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
注：与干预前比较，*P < 0.01。

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