Investigation of drug-related cognition and education effect evaluation among college students in Beijing
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摘要:
目的 了解北京市大学生识毒、拒毒能力现状及影响因素,为高校开展禁毒教育工作提供针对性建议。 方法 采用自行设计的问卷,对分层随机抽取的北京市11所高校966名学生进行问卷调查,采用定量的统计学方法进行分析。 结果 北京市大学生平均认知毒品6.64种,拒毒意识测试满分率为68.12%,性别、专业类型、接受毒品预防教育频率是影响大学生毒品知识、拒毒意识的因素(χ2值分别为41.38,18.20,11.02,P值均 < 0.05)。当前青少年获取禁毒知识的最主要渠道为主题讲座(80.33%),网络禁毒宣传(76.60%)。禁毒微电影作为大学生最感兴趣的教育方式(79.30%),普及率为42.44%。认知毒品种类数、拒毒意识较“6.27”工程开展前有显著提升。 结论 “6.27”工程取得成效。应当重点加强对体育艺术专业学生的禁毒宣传教育,充分探究禁毒题材影视作品的作用,最大化发挥教育效果。 Abstract:Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of anti-drug ability of college students in Beijing, and provide suggestions for drug education in universities. Methods A total of 966 students from 11 universities in Beijing were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire. and the data was analyzed with quantitative statistical analysis method. Results The average types of drug college students are aware of was 6.64. Among the average cognitive drugs of college students in Beijing, the full score rate of drug resistance was 68.12%. Gender, different majors, and frequency of receiving drug prevention education were influential factors of drug knowledge and anti-drug ability of college students (χ2=41.38, 18.20, 11.02, P < 0.05). The commonest educational method was themed lectures (80.33%), and the Internet had played an increasingly important role in education (76.60%). Anti-drug short-movies was the most interesting education method for college students (79.30%), with a penetration rate of 42.44%. The number of drugs awared and the ability of anti-drugs improved significantly through the "6.27" project. Conclusion The anti-drug propaganda and education should be strengthened among the students majoring in sport arts, and the function of anti-drug videos should be greatly exploited to maximize the effect of education. -
Key words:
- Substance-related disorders /
- Cognition /
- Health education /
- Health promotion /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别大学生认知毒品种类分布比较
Table 1. Comparison of distribution of drug types among college students with different characteristics
组别 选项 人数 ≤4种 5~7种 8~10种 11~13种 χ2值 P值 年龄/岁 ≤20 282 56(19.86) 142(50.35) 32(11.35) 52(18.44) 1.58 0.46 21 380 82(21.58) 180(47.37) 44(11.58) 74(19.47) ≥22 304 54(17.76) 184(60.53) 14(4.61) 52(17.11) 性别 男 504 66(13.10) 274(54.37) 40(7.93) 124(24.60) 41.38 0.00 女 462 126(27.27) 232(50.22) 50(10.82) 54(11.69) 专业 法学 74 10(13.51) 44(59.46) 4(5.41) 16(21.62) 18.20 0.01 教育 14 0 6(42.86) 4(28.57) 4(28.57) 经管 166 33(19.88) 89(53.61) 26(15.66) 18(10.84) 理工 173 32(18.50) 85(49.13) 16(9.25) 40(23.12) 农林学 14 3(21.42) 5(35.71) 3(21.42) 3(21.42) 体育艺术 364 90(24.72) 188(51.65) 19(5.30) 67(18.41) 文史哲 115 22(19.13) 63(54.78) 10(8.70) 20(17.39) 医学 46 2(4.35) 26(56.52) 8(17.39) 10(21.74) 每年毒品预防教育 ≥2 106 11(10.38) 52(49.06) 13(12.26) 30(28.30) 11.02 0.00 频率/次 <2 860 181(21.05) 454(52.79) 77(8.95) 148(17.21) 合计 966 192(19.88) 506(52.38) 90(9.32) 178(18.43) 注:()内数字为构成比/%。 表 2 不同组别大学生毒品成瘾性认知状况分布比较
Table 2. Comparison of awareness on drug addiction among college students with different characteristics
组别 选项 人数 容易成瘾 一两次没事 不会成瘾 不知道 χ2值 P值 年龄/岁 ≤20 282 258(91.49) 10(3.55) 2(0.71) 12(4.26) 2.15 0.34 >21 380 350(92.11) 14(3.68) 2(0.53) 14(3.68) ≥22 304 288(94.74) 2(0.66) 2(0.66) 12(3.95) 性别 男 504 466(52.46) 14(2.78) 6(1.19) 18(3.57) 0.11 0.74 女 462 430(9.31) 12(2.60) 0 20(4.33) 专业 法学 74 70(94.59) 2(2.70) 0 2(2.70) 24.09 0.00 教育 14 14(100.00) 0 0 0 经管 166 156(93.98) 8(4.82) 0 2(1.20) 理工 173 167(96.53) 2(1.16) 2(1.16) 2(1.16) 农林学 14 14(100.00) 0 0 0 体育艺术 364 320(87.91) 12(3.30) 2(0.55) 24(6.59) 文史哲 115 113(98.26) 0 0 2(1.74) 医学 46 42(91.30) 2(4.35) 2(4.35) 0 每年毒品预防教育 ≥2 106 103(97.17) 2(1.89) 0 1(0.94) 3.53 0.06 频率/次 < 2 860 793(92.21) 24(2.79) 6(0.70) 37(4.30) 合计 966 896(92.75) 26(2.69) 6(0.62) 38(3.93) 注:()内数字为构成比/%。 表 3 不同组别大学生拒毒意识测试得分分布比较
Table 3. Comparison of scores of drug resistance awareness test among college students with different characteristics
组别 选项 人数 ≤9分 10分 11分 12分 χ2值 P值 年龄/岁 ≤20 282 12(4.26) 32(11.35) 46(19.31) 192(68.09) 2.25 0.37 >21 380 18(4.74) 42(11.05) 50(13.16) 270(71.05) ≥22 304 4(1.32) 46(15.13) 58(19.08) 196(64.47) 性别 男 504 24(4.76) 60(11.90) 104(20.63) 316(62.70) 11.45 0.00 女 462 10(2.16) 60(12.99) 50(10.82) 342(74.03) 专业 法学 74 0 14(18.92) 14(18.92) 46(62.16) 25.02 0.00 教育 14 0 4(28.57) 0 10(71.43) 经管 166 2(1.20) 14(8.43) 24(14.46) 126(75.90) 理工 173 4(2.31) 18(10.40) 32(18.50) 119(68.79) 农林学 14 1(7.14) 0 1(7.14) 12(85.71) 体育艺术 364 24(6.59) 50(13.74) 59(16.21) 231(63.46) 文史哲 115 3(2.61) 20(17.39) 20(17.39) 72(62.61) 医学 46 0 0 4(8.70) 42(91.30) 每年毒品预防教育 ≥2 106 6(5.66) 21(19.81) 35(33.02) 44(41.51) 33.98 0.00 频率/次 < 2 860 28(3.26) 99(11.51) 119(13.84) 614(71.40) 合计 966 34(3.52) 120(12.42) 154(15.94) 658(68.12) 注:()内数字为构成比/%。 表 4 禁毒教育落实情况与效果评价2016年和2019年比较
Table 4. Comparison of implementation and effect evaluation of drug controleducation in 2016 and 2019
题目 2016年
(n=942)2019年
(n=966)χ2值 P值 禁毒教育落实情况 参加过≥3种形式教育活动 408(43.31) 624(64.60) 68.93 0.00 1年内接受≥2次教育活动 298(31.63) 396(40.99) 19.00 0.00 禁毒知识和技能掌握情况 认识≥6种毒品 358(38.00) 718(74.33) 422.61 0.00 正确看待吸毒成瘾 904(95.97) 928(96.07) 0.67 0.41 拒毒意识测试满分 543(57.64) 658(68.12) 19.63 0.00 活动评价 对校园毒品预防教育满意 764(81.10) 796(79.81) 0.12 0.29 认为当前教育方式有吸引力 558(59.24) 600(62.11) 2.18 0.14 注:()内数字为报告率/%。 -
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