贵州大学生对新型冠状病毒风险感知与行为分析

王玲莉; 王加好; 艾春燕; 杨钰立; 张宛筑

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.013

贵州大学生对新型冠状病毒风险感知与行为分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.013

贵州医科大学医学人文学院，贵阳 550025

基金项目:

贵州省教育规划课题 2020B181

贵州医科大学人文社科理论创新课题 2019XSK-4

贵州医科大学创新创业教育实践专项课题 062190111

详细信息

作者简介:
王玲莉(1996-)，女，贵州遵义人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年心理发展与健康、心理咨询与治疗

通讯作者:
张宛筑, E-mail: 269396139@qq.com

中图分类号: G 647.8 R 193 R 563.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-20
- 修回日期: 2020-10-19
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-25

Risk perception and behavior analysis of Guizhou college students on COVID-19 epidemic

School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang(550025), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究新冠肺炎后疫情期大学生复课后的风险感知和预防行为，为学校疫情防控工作提供指导。方法采用方便取样法，抽取贵州某高校835名复课大学生，采用一般自我效能感问卷、领悟社会支持问卷和自行设计问卷进行调查。结果 37.0%的大学生认为感染的概率很高，57.4%的大学生认为如果感染严重程度很高，大学生认为远离拥挤的场所是较好的预防行为(84.3%)，89.7%的大学生常戴口罩，91.4%的大学生常洗手；一般自我效能感、领悟社会支持和预防行为两两间呈正相关(r=0.10~0.65，P值均 < 0.01)；一般自我效能感和领悟社会支持在风险感知和预防行为间既起部分中介作用，也起链式中介作用。结论大学生对新型冠状病毒的风险感知中等，能采取积极的预防措施，风险感知可直接影响预防行为，也可通过领悟社会支持和一般自我效能感间接影响大学生的预防行为。
- 冠状病毒属 /
- 危险处理 /
- 行为 /
- 健康教育 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective In order to provide guidance for the prevention and control of epidemic situations in schools, this paper explores the risk perception and prevention behaviors of college students after classes resume in the post-epidemic period of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Methods By using convenient sampling method, 835 college students who resumed classes were randomly selected from a university in Guizhou. Self-efficacy questionnaire, perceived social support questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire were adiministered. Results Totally 37.0% of college students believed that the risk of infection was high, 57.4% of college students believed the severity of infection was very high once get infected, meanwhile, 84.3% of them think that keeping away from crowded places was a better preventive behavior, 89.7% of college students often wear masks, 91.4% of college students wash their hands frequently. There was a significant positive correlation between general self-efficacy, perceived social support and preventive behavior (r=0.10-0.65, P < 0.01). General self-efficacy and perceived social support play both a partial intermediary role and a chain intermediary role between risk perception and preventive behavior. Conclusion Risk perception of Novel Coronavirus was moderate among college students, who can take active measures to effectively prevent it. Risk perception could not only directly affect the prevention behavior of college students, but also indirectly affect the prevention behavior of college students through understanding social support and general self-efficacy.
- Coronavirus /
- Risk management /
- Behavior /
- Health education /
- Students

HTML全文

图 1 大学生COVID-19风险感知与预防行为的多重中介模型

Figure 1. Multiple mediation model of college students' COVID-19 risk perception and preventive behavior

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 贵州大学生COVID-19的风险感知预防行为信念频率分布(n=835)

Table 1. Distribution of risk perception and preventive behavior belief of COVID-19 in Guizhou college students (n=835)

变量	非常低	很低	不高不低	很高	非常高
感知风险
感知易感性	96(11.5)	157(18.8)	273(32.7)	213(25.5)	96(11.5)
感知严重性	39(4.7)	80(9.6)	237(28.4)	304(36.4)	175(21.0)
感知信息充分性	25(3.0)	15(1.8)	296(35.4)	374(44.8)	125(15.0)
感知信息收集能力	10(1.2)	10(1.2)	220(26.3)	350(41.9)	245(29.3)
复课后预防行为信念
戴口罩	16(1.9)	41(4.9)	175(21.0)	365(43.7)	238(28.5)
手卫生	20(2.4)	38(4.6)	150(18.0)	402(48.1)	225(26.9)
减少使用公共交通	17(2.0)	29(3.5)	142(17.0)	412(49.3)	235(28.1)
远离拥挤场所	19(2.3)	24(2.9)	88(10.5)	398(47.7)	306(36.6)
推迟/取消社交活动	16(1.9)	26(3.1)	109(13.1)	408(48.9)	276(33.1)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 贵州大学生COVID-19的预防行为频率分布(n=835)

Table 2. Distribution of prevention behaviors of COVID-19 among college students in Guizhou (n=835)

预防行为	从不	有时	经常	总是
戴口罩	8(1.0)	78(9.3)	373(44.7)	376(45.0)
手卫生	3(0.4)	69(8.3)	414(49.6)	349(41.8)
减少使用公共交通	8(1.0)	67(8.0)	349(41.8)	411(49.2)
远离拥挤场所	5(0.6)	114(13.7)	381(45.6)	335(40.1)
推迟/取消社交活动	13(1.6)	101(12.1)	376(45.0)	345(41.3)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 3 贵州大学生COVID-19的风险感知预防行为一般自我效能感领悟社会支持的相关系数(r值，n=835)

Table 3. Correlation coefficients of COVID-19's risk perception, preventive behavior, general self-efficacy and perceived social support (r, n=835)

变量	感知易感性	感知严重性	信息充分性	信息收集能力	戴口罩	手卫生	减少使用公共交通	远离拥挤场所	推迟/取消社交活动	自我效能感
感知严重性	0.45^**
信息充分性	0.07^*	0.10^**
信息收集能力	0.05	0.11^**	0.46^**
戴口罩	0.01	0.07^*	0.25^**	0.35^**
手卫生	0.02	0.08^*	0.26^**	0.32^**	0.65^**
减少使用公共交通	0.02	0.07	0.24^**	0.32^**	0.54^**	0.59^**
远离拥挤场所	0.03	0.04	0.25^**	0.25^**	0.55^**	0.64^**	0.65^**
推迟/取消社交活动	0.02	0.02	0.23^**	0.25^**	0.52^**	0.53^**	0.63^**	0.65^**
自我效能感	-0.04	-0.04	0.28^**	0.13^**	0.21^**	0.25^**	0.18^**	0.28^**	0.24^**
领悟社会支持	-0.05	0.02	0.29^**	0.23^**	0.23^**	0.26^**	0.24^**	0.25^**	0.24^**	0.35^**
注：P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

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