多元化健康教育促进大学生体育锻炼行为的效果评价

郭凌云; 吴凤彬

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.012

多元化健康教育促进大学生体育锻炼行为的效果评价

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.012

常州信息职业技术学院体育部，江苏 213164

基金项目:

常州信息职业技术学院校级教改课题项目 2019CXJG06

详细信息

作者简介:
郭凌云(1988-)，女，安徽合肥人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为运动训练原理与机制、运动损伤机理评价

中图分类号: G 806 G 647.8
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- 文章访问数: 481
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-27
- 修回日期: 2020-09-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-25

Evaluation on the effect of diversified health education in promoting college students' physical exercise behavior

Department of Physical Education, Changzhou College of Information Technology, Changzhou(213164), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨基于微信主导的多元化健康教育对大学生体育锻炼行为及自我身体形象的影响。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法，选择2019年3月常州信息职业技术学院大学生276名，按照随机数字表法分为实验组145人、对照组131人。对照组给予常规体育锻炼教育，实验组联合应用基于微信主导的多元化体育锻炼健康教育。3个月后，比较两组大学生体育锻炼行为、自我身体形象。结果干预后，实验组大学生有规律地参加体育锻炼(79.31%)、锻炼频率≥3次/周(70.34%)、锻炼时间≥30 min/次(64.60%)、每次锻炼强度中等及以上(73.10%)、每月锻炼费用100~300元(49.66%)高于对照组(62.60%，54.20%，51.15%，61.07%，36.64%)，每月锻炼费用＜100元(33.79%)、运动损伤(47.59%)低于对照组(49.62%，59.54%)，差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)；外表评价(3.87±0.32)、外表态度(3.92±0.28)、身体素质态度(3.80±0.33)、健康评价(3.78±0.24)、疾病态度(3.54±0.42)、身体部位满意度(3.61±0.38)、超重忧虑评分(3.14±0.45)均高于对照组(3.54±0.36，3.60±0.34，3.56±0.42，3.51±0.31，3.01±0.36，3.32±0.41，2.78±0.35)，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为8.06, 8.57，5.30, 8.13, 11.15, 6.10, 7.36, P值均＜0.05)。结论基于微信主导的多元化健康教育有助于促进大学生体育锻炼行为的养成，对于改善自我身体形象有积极的应用价值。
- 健康教育 /
- 身体锻炼 /
- 行为 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the influence of WeChat-led diversified health education on college students' physical exercise behavior and self-body image. Methods The cluster stratified sampling method was adopted to select 276 students from Changzhou College of Information Technology in March 2019. According to the random number table method, they were divided into 145 cases in the treatment group and 131 cases in the control group. The control group was given regular physical exercise education, and the treatment group jointly applied diversified physical exercise health education based on WeChat. Three months later, the physical exercise behavior and self-body image of the two groups of college students were compared. Results The college students in the treatment group regularly participated in physical exercise (79.31%), exercise frequency ≥3 times/week(70.34%), exercise time ≥30 min/time(64.60%), and each exercise intensity medium and above(73.10%), monthly exercise cost 100-300 yuan/month(49.66%), which were significantly higher than the control group (62.60%, 54.20%, 51.15%, 61.07%, 36.64%), monthly exercise cost < 100 yuan(33.79%), sports injury (47.59%) were significantly lower than the control group (49.62%, 59.54%), the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Appearance evaluation score (3.87±0.32), appearance attitude score (3.92±0.28), physical fitness attitude score (3.80±0.33), health evaluation score (3.78±0.24), disease attitude score (3.54±0.42), body part satisfaction score (3.61±0.38) and overweight worry score (3.14±0.45) were significantly higher than those of the control group (3.54±0.36, 3.60±0.34, 3.56±0.42, 3.51±0.31, 3.01±0.36, 3.32±0.41, 2.78±0.35), the difference was statistically significant (t=8.06, 8.57, 5.30, 8.13, 11.15, 6.10, 7.36, P < 0.05). Conclusion Diversified health education based on WeChat is helpful to promote the development of college students' physical exercise behavior, and has positive application value for improving self-body image.
- Health education /
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Behavior /
- Intervention studies /
- Students

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表 1 干预前后实验组与对照组大学生体育锻炼行为比较

Table 1. Comparison of physical exercise behaviors between treatment group and control group before and after intervention

干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	有规律地参加体育锻炼	锻炼频率≥3次/周	锻炼时间≥30 min/次	每次锻炼强度中等及以上	每月锻炼费用/元			运动损伤
干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	有规律地参加体育锻炼	锻炼频率≥3次/周	锻炼时间≥30 min/次	每次锻炼强度中等及以上	＜100	100~300	>300	运动损伤
干预前	实验组	145		62(42.76)	49(33.79)	45(31.03)	58(40.00)	93(64.14)	36(24.83)	16(11.03)	109(75.17)
	对照组	131		61(46.56)	52(39.69)	47(35.88)	60(45.80)	85(64.89)	28(21.37)	17(12.98)	94(71.76)
			χ²值	0.40	1.03	0.73	0.95		0.57		0.41
			P值	0.45	0.08	0.11	0.09		0.31		0.45
干预后	实验组	145		115(79.31)^b	102(70.34)^b	93(64.60)^b	106(73.10)^b	49(33.79)^b	72(49.66)^b	24(16.55)	69(47.59)^b
	对照组	131		82(62.60)^a	71(54.20)^a	67(51.15)^a	80(61.07)^a	65(49.62)^a	48(36.64)^a	18(13.74)	78(59.54)^a
			χ²值	9.41	7.67	5.30	4.54		7.21		3.95
			P值	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.02		0.01		0.03
注：()内数字为报告率或构成比/%；与同组干预前比较，a P＜0.05, b P＜0.01；运动损伤指运动过程中肌肉拉伤、肌肉挫伤、关节韧带扭伤、运动劳损、运动创伤、骨折等。

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表 2 两组大学生干预前后自我身体形象评分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of body image scores of two groups of college students before and after intervention(x±s)

干预前后	组别	人数	统计值	外表评价	外表态度	身体素质评价	身体素质态度	健康评价	健康态度	疾病态度	身体部位满意度	超重忧虑	自我体重归位
干预前	实验组	145		3.08±0.45	3.14±0.50	3.18±0.45	3.25±0.50	3.25±0.48	3.35±0.41	2.58±0.36	2.75±0.42	2.02±0.45	2.38±0.48
	对照组	131		3.12±0.52	3.20±0.46	3.20±0.51	3.28±0.42	3.29±0.44	3.40±0.48	2.62±0.42	2.81±0.45	2.08±0.36	2.42±0.50
			t值	0.69	1.03	0.35	0.54	0.72	0.86	0.82	1.15	1.22	0.68
			P值	0.21	0.08	0.51	0.52	0.12	0.09	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.17
干预后	实验组	145		3.87±0.32^b	3.92±0.28^b	3.72±0.35^b	3.80±0.33^b	3.78±0.24^b	3.62±0.38^a	3.54±0.42^b	3.61±0.38^b	3.14±0.45^b	3.10±0.45^b
	对照组	131		3.54±0.36^a	3.60±0.34^b	3.67±0.40^b	3.56±0.42^a	3.51±0.31^a	3.56±0.34^a	3.01±0.36^a	3.32±0.41^b	2.78±0.35^b	3.02±0.51^b
			t值	8.06	8.57	1.11	5.30	8.13	1.38	11.15	6.10	7.36	1.38
			P值	0.00	0.00	0.08	0.02	0.00	0.08	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.08
注：与同组干预前比较，a P＜0.05, b P＜0.01。

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