中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康的相关性

马渊源; 吴慧攀; 尹小俭; 陈军; 曹俊方

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.007

中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.007

1.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心，山西 030008
2.
上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院
3.
上海应用技术大学体育教育部
4.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

上海市哲学社会科学2020年度规划课题项目 2020BTY001

上海市教育科学研究2021年度课题项目 C2021149

详细信息

作者简介:
马渊源(1992-)，男，山西长治人，硕士，助教，主要研究方向为青少年健康干预

通讯作者:
陈军，E-mail: 564502535@qq.com

中图分类号: R 151 B 844.2 R 153.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-09
- 修回日期: 2020-10-20
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-25

Correlation between nutritional status and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

1.
Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan(030008), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康之间的相关性，为中国青少年身心健康发展提供参考。方法在中国华东、华北、中南、西北、西南和东北地区，分别采用分层随机整体抽样法抽取16 545名13~22岁青少年，采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents，MSQA)中的心理问卷进行心理亚健康测试。采用χ²检验及Logistic回归分析对营养状况与心理亚健康的关系进行分析。结果青少年体质量指数(BMI)正常组的心理亚健康状态总体检出率为18.5%，BMI消瘦组、超重组和肥胖组分别为22.3%，38.7%和44.7%，不同营养状况青少年的心理亚健康状态检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=478.68，P < 0.05)。Logistic回归模型在调整了性别和年龄后，相对于BMI正常者，消瘦者(OR=1.19，95%CI=1.09~1.30)、超重者(OR=2.76，95%CI=2.47~3.09)和肥胖者(OR=3.43，95%CI=2.83~4.15)发生心理亚健康的风险增加。结论中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康相关，消瘦、超重和肥胖者发生心理亚健康的风险均高于正常者，改善青少年营养状况将有利于青少年身心健康发展。
- 营养状况 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 亚健康 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 16 545 adolescents (13-22 years old) were selected by random overall sampling method in six major administrative regions in China.The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) was used for mental sub-health test.Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationship between different nutritional status and mental sub-health. Results The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status in the adolescents with normal BMI group was 18.5%, while those in the lean, overweight and obese groups were 22.3%, 38.7%, and 44.7%, respectively, which were significantly different from those in the normal BMI group(χ²=478.68, P < 0.05).After adjusted for gender and age, the Logistic regression model showed that compared with those with normal BMI, those who were thin (OR=1.19, 95%CI=1.09-1.30), overweight (OR=2.76, 95%CI=2.47-3.09) and obese(OR=3.43, 95%CI=2.83-4.15) had increased risk of mental sub-health. Conclusion The nutritional status of Chinese adolescents in significantly related to mental sub-heatlh, hose who are underweight, overweight and obese have significantly higher risks of mental sub-health than those who are normal.Improvement of nutritional status of adolescents is beneficial to healthy adolescent development.
- Nutritional status /
- Mental health /
- Sub-health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent

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表 1 不同营养状况男女青少年心理亚健康状态检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of mental sub-health status among adolescents with different nutritional status

性别	营养状况	统计值	初中		高中		大学		合计
性别	营养状况	统计值	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数	人数	检出人数
男	消瘦		1 522	335(22.0)	710	142(20.0)	211	32(15.2)	2 443	509(20.8)
	正常		1 628	346(21.3)	2 192	378(17.2)	1 014	129(12.7)	4 834	853(17.6)
	超重		271	101(37.3)	451	153(33.9)	177	69(39.0)	899	323(35.9)
	肥胖		40	18(45.0)	97	39(40.2)	31	11(35.5)	168	68(40.5)
		χ²值		45.55		86.88		82.45		191.94
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
女	消瘦		1 278	326(25.5)	865	203(23.5)	361	66(18.3)	2 504	595(23.8)
	正常		1 601	341(21.3)	2 051	423(20.6)	935	123(13.2)	4 587	887(19.3)
	超重		354	145(41.0)	344	147(42.7)	112	47(42.0)	810	339(41.9)
	肥胖		134	68(50.7)	132	60(45.5)	34	13(38.2)	300	141(47.0)
		χ²值		102.00		110.13		69.61		283.87
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 不同营养状况男女青少年各维度心理亚健康检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of the detection rates of various dimensions of mental sub-health among adolescents with different nutritional status

性别	营养状况	人数	统计值	情绪问题	品行问题	社会适应困难
男	消瘦	2 443		608(24.9)	622(25.5)	370(15.1)
	正常	4 834		965(20.0)	994(20.6)	669(13.8)
	超重	899		420(46.7)	437(48.6)	320(35.6)
	肥胖	168		90(53.6)	96(57.1)	79(47.0)
			χ²值	365.08	400.39	363.53
女	消瘦	2 504		500(20.0)	481(19.2)	405(16.2)
	正常	4 587		965(21.0)	889(19.4)	641(14.0)
	超重	810		484(59.0)	475(58.6)	371(45.8)
	肥胖	300		220(73.3)	210(70.0)	160(53.3)
			χ²值	923.95	933.50	689.52
总体	消瘦	4 947		1 108(22.4)	1 103(22.3)	775(15.7)
	正常	9 421		1 930(20.5)	1 883(20.0)	1 310(13.9)
	超重	1 709		904(52.9)	912(53.4)	691(40.4)
	肥胖	468		310(66.2)	306(65.4)	239(51.1)
			χ²值	1 227.16	1 270.69	1 831.81
注： P值均 < 0.01;()内数字为检出率/%。

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