Abstract: Objective To examine the effect of gender and exposure variables on PTSD among adolescents victims after Lushan Earthquake, and to provide the scientific reference for a long-term psychological intervention and rehabilitation for students and adolescents after earthquake.Methods Totally 3 518 students were sampled in two middle schools and two high schools in Lushan County from April 25 to May 20 in 2016.Self-report exposure questionnaire and The Children' s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES) were applied to the subjects to analyze the influences of incidence of PTSD, exposure and gender.Results The prevalence of three-year PTSD of adolescents in Lushan was 13.3%.Logistic model indicated a number of risk factors included girl (OR = 1.304), feeling extremely scared (OR = 2.019); being trapped (OR = 2.019); being injured (OR = 1.690); having parents, relatives or friends who were injured (OR = 1.624); witnessing people being trapped (OR = 1.651) and witnessing death (OR = 1.307, P<0.05).Conclusion The psychological intervention after earthquake should take a long-term perspective, and should be targetedly carried out.Adolescents among female victim or those experienced extreme fear emotion, need specific intervention.