摘要:
研究家庭环境与儿童精神分裂症个性特征的关联性,为儿童生命早期健康的研究提供基础资料.方法 从新乡某医院2015年1月至2016年1月在儿童精神病科住院的儿童精神分裂症患者中抽取100例患者及其父母为观察组;随机抽取新乡某社区正常儿童100例为对照组.对观察组患儿测定阳性和阴性症状表(PANSS),2组儿童及父母均进行一般情况调查表、大五人格问卷简化版、家庭教养方式问卷、家庭亲密度及适应性量表调查.结果 100例观察组患儿中,偏执型62例,青春型16例,单纯型6例,未分化型16例,平均病程(14.62±10.24)个月,PANSS阳性得分为(20.08±4.96)分,PANSS阴性得分为(38.02±8.27)分;观察组在宜人性、外向性和开放性上评分均高于对照组(P值均<0.05);观察组在父亲教养方式的13个项目评分均低于对照组;观察组患儿的理想亲密度、亲密度不满程度和适应性不满程度高于对照组,实际适应性低于对照组;家庭类型分类中,极端型家庭的观察组有18例,对照组7例;中间型家庭的观察组有48例,对照组有21例;平衡型家庭的观察组有34例,对照组有62例.结论 与正常儿童相比,精神分裂症患儿在人格特征、家庭教养方式和家庭环境等方面存在差异.应针对住院治疗的精神分裂症患儿制订家庭干预计划,实施合理的家庭教育措施.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the association between family environment and personality characteristics in children with schizophrenia.Methods During January 2015 to January 2016,100 children diagnosed with schizophrenia from Xinxiang Children's Psychiatric Hospital,as well as their parents,were investigated Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS),the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (simplified),Parenting Style Questionnaire,Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Questionnaire.100 healthy control children and their parents were recruited from nearby communities and investigated with the same questionnaire.Correlation between schizophrenia symptoms and family environmental characteristics was analyzed.Results About 62%of child schizophrenia was paranoid subtype,followed by youth (16%),simple (6%) and undifferentiated subtype,with average duration (14.62±10.24) months.Mean positive and negative score of PANSS was (20.08±4.96) and (38.02±8.27),respectively.Extraversion and openness to experience in personality traits was significantly higher in schizophrenia group than the control group (P<0.05).Fathers of the observation group scored lower in acceptance,respect,tolerance,encouragement,warmth,discipline control and expectation while mothers scored lower in democracy,respect,understanding,warmth,discipline control and expectation,compared with that of the control group.Children with schizophrenia reported higher ideal intimacy,dissatisfaction on actual intimacy and adaptability than the control group.Adaptability was significantly lower in observation group than the control group.18children with schizophrenia came from extreme families,compared with 7 cases in control.Nearly half (48%) of the observation group were intermediate family,compared with 21% in the control group.About 66% of children with schizophrenia came from extreme and intermediate families.Conclusion Children with schizophrenia differ from healthy peers in personality traits,parenting style and family environment.It may be helpful to develop family-based parenting intervention aiming to provide children with more warmth and intimacy.
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