摘要:
分析泉州市2006-2015年学校传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征,为科学制定防控策略提供参考.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,对泉州市10年间报告的学校突发公共卫生事件和相关信息进行分析.结果 2006-2015年泉州市共报告学校传染病突发公共卫生事件65起,其中一般事件25起(38.5%)、未分级事件40起(61.5%).事件以流感和水痘等呼吸道传染病为主,占97%;肠道传染病占3%,主要为诺如病毒感染性腹泻和手足口病.3-5月和11-12月为学校传染病突发事件的2个高发期,共占81.5% (53/65).农村学校平均罹患率(3.13%)高于城镇学校(1.68%)(x2=226.679,P<0.01).小学发生事件32起1 208例,平均罹患率为3.17%(1 208/38 098),罹患率高于幼儿园、中学和中专及以上学校(x2=219.472,P<0.01).学校突发事件监测敏感值中位数为8.28 d,控制持续时间中位数为14.00d,报告及时性与事件持续时间密切相关(r=0.735,P<0.01).结论 流感、水痘等呼吸道传染病和诺如病毒等肠道传染病是学校突发公共卫生事件的好发病种,建立主要症状的症状监测有助于学校突发公共卫生事件的及时发现与控制.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze epidemiology and management of public health emergencies in schools at Quanzhou city during the period from 2006 to 2015.Methods By using descriptive epidemiological methods,information on public health emergencies in schools at Quanzhou during 2006-2015 was analyzed.Results During 2006 to 2015,a total of 65 public health emergencies were reported in schools in Quanzhou.Among those reported events,there were 40(61.5%) unrated events and 25(38.5%)general events.Respiratory infectious disease including influenza and chickenpox outbreaks accounted for 97% and intestinal infectious diseases including norovirus and hand foot mouth disease accounted for 3%.About 81.5% of cases occurred between March to May and September to December.Incidence was higher in rural schools (3.13%) than urban schools (1.68%).Average attack rate (3.17%,1 208/38 098) was highest in primary schools,compared with that of kindergarten,middle and secondary school(x2=219.472,P<0.01).The median value of monitoring sensitivity of school accidents was 8.28 days,which was closely related to the median duration of management(14 days) (r =0.735,P<0.01).Conclusion Infectious disease outbreaks are the major public health emergencies in schools.Syndromic surveillance on basic symptoms (cough,fever,diarrhea and rash) might help identify potential public health emergencies in schools.
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