摘要:
了解中学生健康素养与意外伤害发生之间的关联,为制定干预学生意外伤害发生的策略提供依据.方法 2015年11月至2016年1月,采用方便整群抽样方法,在沈阳、蚌埠、新乡、内蒙古乌兰察布市、重庆和阳江市抽取初、高中学生22 628名进行问卷调查.调查内容包括一般人口统计学指标、健康素养水平和意外伤害评定量表.比较不同特征的中学生健康素养水平、意外伤害发生率的差异,并分析健康素养对意外伤害发生的影响.结果 中学生青少年互动性健康素养问卷总得分为(104.06±18.68)分.高中生、农村学生、非独生子女、住校生、家庭经济状况差和父/母文化程度低的学生健康素养得分均低于相对应组的学生,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为20.598,-13.081,5.266,-17.530,294.662,-18.116,-20.244,P值均<0.01).意外伤害的发生率为46.7%,男生、初中生、农村学生、非独生子女、父/母亲文化程度较低的学生意外伤害发生率均高于相对应组的学生,且差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).发生意外伤害的中学生健康素养总分和健康意识、精神成长、压力管理、人际关系4个维度的得分均低于无意外伤害的学生,而体力活动、营养的得分高于无意外伤害的学生(P值均<0.01).多因素Logistic回归分析发现,中、低水平的健康素养增加意外伤害的发生风险(OR值分别为1.323,1.410,P值均<0.01).结论 可通过提高学生的健康素养水平,减少意外伤害的发生.
Abstract:
Objective The purpose of this study was to examine associations between health literacy (HL) and unintentional injuries in junior and high school students in China.Methods A total of 22 628 junior and high school students in China were enrolled in this study from November 2015 to January 2016.Questionnaires survey was conducted to collect information on demographics,HL and unintentional injuries.Rates on HL and unintentional injuries were compared in adolescents with specific characteristics.Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine relations between them.Results The score of CAIHLQ was (104.06± 18.68).Students who were high school students,rural residence,non-only child in family,resident student,lower parental education level and lower family income had significantly lower HL scores than the corresponding other students.The prevalence of unintentional injuries was 46.7%.Boys reported more injuries problems than girls.The incidences of unintentional injuries among students in junior school,from rural area,being non-only child in family,with lower parental education level was significantly higher prevalence of injuries than their peers.Students with unintentional injuries had lower scores of total HL,health awareness,self-actualization,stress management and interpersonal relationship than non-unintentional injuries,while had higher the scores of physical activities and dietary behavior.Data from multiple Logistic regression analyses showed that moderate or low level of health literacy increased the risk of unintentional injuries(OR=1.323,95%CI=1.223-1.432;OR=1.410,95%CI=1.319-1.507;P<0.01).Conclusion Lower HL may increase the risk of unintentional injuries among middle school students.Health literacy improvement may reduce the incidence of unintentional injuries among middle school students.
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